Understanding Drug Administration

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson
Download our mobile app to listen on the go
Get App

Questions and Answers

A medication intended to cure a disease produces what type of effect?

  • Synthetic
  • Diagnostic
  • Preventative
  • Therapeutic (correct)

What primary source is often used in creating drugs?

  • Bacterial cultures
  • Chemical plants
  • Animal Tissue (correct)
  • Artificial sweeteners

Which of the following routes of administration typically results in the most rapid drug absorption?

  • Intramuscular
  • Intravenous (correct)
  • Subcutaneous
  • Oral

Creams, pastes and gels fit into which classifications of drugs?

<p>Semi-solids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which physical factor of a patient can influence drug activity in the body?

<p>Weight (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Two drugs are taken together, resulting in a greater effect than if either was taken alone. What type of drug interaction is this?

<p>Synergism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first process that occurs during drug metabolism in the body?

<p>Absorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where should oily medicines be stored?

<p>Refrigerator (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the medicine label is stained with dirt, what action is most appropriate?

<p>Replace the medicine with a new one (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a healthcare environment, where should addictive drugs be stored?

<p>Double-locked cabinet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition necessitates a physician's medication order to be written?

<p>Safe drug administration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is an urgent medication request typically used?

<p>Emergency situation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in a physician's medication order?

<p>Name of the drug (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first action a healthcare provider should do if a doctor's order is unclear?

<p>Consult a physician (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After checking a doctor's order, what additional step is necessary?

<p>Sign under the order (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following 'rights' of medication administration involves ensuring that a patient is aware of the purpose and potential side effects of a drug?

<p>Right Client Education (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient has the right to refuse their medication for any reason. What 'right' does this refer to?

<p>Right to Refuse (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspects are part of basic principles of drug applications?

<p>Wash hands and wear gloves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to best practices, who should prepare the medicines for drug application?

<p>A healthcare worker (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What actions should be taken to ensure accuracy in drug applications?

<p>Triple medication check (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What specific aspect makes the drug preparation environment suitable?

<p>Bright environment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For what specific drugs it is necessary to count their numbers with each shift change?

<p>Narcotic drugs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fastest route of drug absorption?

<p>Intravenous (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be the equivalent measure of 20 drops?

<p>1 ml (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A drug that creates a systemic effect is administered through which route?

<p>Sublingual (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following local application sites involves administering medication directly into the ear canal?

<p>External ear canal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is administered through the epidermal layer?

<p>Ointment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When putting drops to the eye, what precaution must be taken into account?

<p>Eye care should be done first (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When administering nasal drops, how should the patient be positioned?

<p>Supine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important measure to ensure the patient's comfort and dignity?

<p>Patient privacy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When administering ear drops to children, how should the ear be manipulated?

<p>Pulled down and back (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What classification is the oral route of drug administration?

<p>Enteral (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is among the instances when oral medication should NOT be administered?

<p>Nausea and vomiting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After the sublingual drug is administered where does it go to?

<p>Circulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What consideration applies to both buccal and sublingual applications?

<p>The drug should not be swallowed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Before putting medications in the rectum for a patient, what special measurement needs to be taken before.

<p>Patient Privacy! (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is true regarding transdermal patches?

<p>Effect can be applied for a long time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an advantage of using inhaled medications?

<p>They deliver the drug directly to the target organ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of medication should be delivered within a nebulizer?

<p>Two different drugs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A medication is administered in a way that bypasses the digestive system completely, what is the route of the route called?

<p>Parenteral (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the technical skills involved in drug administration?

<p>Applying specific techniques for different routes of administration. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Monophasic liquids fall under which classification of drugs?

<p>Liquid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following demonstrates the synergism effect?

<p>Combining two different antibiotics to combat a resistant bacterial infection. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the 'change' stage of drug metabolism in the human body?

<p>The drug is broken down. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why must medicine labels be replaced if they become dirty?

<p>To avoid misinterpretation of information. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate action to take if an artificial lighting installation is not available in the medicine cabinet?

<p>Use a flashlight or other portable light source when accessing medications. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do addictive drugs need be kept in a double-locked cabinet?

<p>To prevent misuse and theft. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should health professionals do to ensure accuracy when doctor orders are checked?

<p>Transfer the details to their own recording system after adjusting the hours. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After checking the doctor's order, what step must be undertaken to maintain accuracy and safety?

<p>Ensure the date, time, and signature are affixed to the doctor's order. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of comparing patient's medication orders to their identification bracelet?

<p>Validating the accuracy of medication administration. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to check a medication label against the physician's orders?

<p>To confirm that the medication prescribed matches what you are about to administer. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for verifying that a medication dosage is within the appropriate range for a patient?

<p>To optimize the medication's effectiveness while minimizing potential harm. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for documenting medication administration?

<p>To show that medication was safely and accurately given. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions ensures the patient fully comprehends the purpose of their medications?

<p>Simplifying medical terminology into easy-to-understand language. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should healthcare professionals do to make sure the patient takes medications?

<p>Supervise the patient until they swallow the medication. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios requires a healthcare provider to question the patient about potential drug allergies?

<p>Administering medication via intravenous infusion. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a well-lit environment recommended for drug preparation?

<p>To enable better visibility of the medication and dosage. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of performing a triple medication check during medicine preparation?

<p>To enhance accuracy in medication processes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what cases is the oral route not used for medication administration?

<p>Patients with swelling problems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes sublingual drug administration?

<p>Goes to bloodstream for quick effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the healthcare provider do before inserting the tip of the enema to the patient?

<p>Lubricate it. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic allows alveoli an extremely good absorption?

<p>Epithelial membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why time and date are important in transdermal application patch

<p>They are important to note when it should be changed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why we don't use two different drugs in nebulizer?

<p>There are not two different drugs allowed at a time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the drug that will be intradermal injected deliver the drug to?

<p>Dermis layer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What's the appropriate angles for Subcutaneous injections?

<p>45-90 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where should SC injections avoid?

<p>Dorsal gluteal area (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What the best description for what can happen if there are air bubbles during administration?

<p>There can be blood problems, and you may need to turn upside to fix it. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the angle for inserting needle into skin for intradermal injection?

<p>10-15 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the drug perform usually injected for intramuscular injections?

<p>Muscles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

While making intramuscular injections, what do we consider as the first steps we can make?

<p>Hold like a pencil to make the injection. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What's the important description about Dorsogluteal Injection?

<p>Has a major role in causing damage to nerves. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is known as the safest and least painful injection in the ventrogluteal muscle?

<p>Administration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much of milliliters can you inject into deltoid muscles?

<p>1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do we use z-track injections?

<p>To prevent tracking. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long is too long if you have an IV tourniquet?

<p>2 minutes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct definition of IV?

<p>Intravenously (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can we improve blood circulation?

<p>We have to provide the appropriate posture. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the emergency room, what is an important matter regarding IV?

<p>Surgical procedures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long can an IV catheter stay in a patient?

<p>4 days. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What blood should be avoided if it is going to be injected?

<p>Veins. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the flow being controlled?

<p>The rate depends on how much needs to be injected. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How would drugs be characterized, based on their origin?

<p>Divided into animal, vegetable, mineral, and synthetic origins. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When assessing the impact of drugs, which considerations provide a comprehensive understanding of how drugs affect individuals?

<p>Considering growth period, weight, gender, genetic and cultural factors, psychological factors, illnesses, environment, treatment time, adverse effects, and individual differences. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason behind tightly closing medicine bottles in drug storage?

<p>To prevent the drugs from evaporating and becoming moist. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be prioritized after identifying a discrepancy between a doctor's medication order and the patient's needs?

<p>Consult with the physician to address and clarify the discrepancy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the principle of 'Right Documentation' in medication administration primarily ensure?

<p>Every medication administered is recorded after its given. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aside from administering medication, which action demonstrates the importance of 'Right Client Education'?

<p>Asking the patient if they have any known allergies to medication. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most accurate interpretation of what to do when a patient exercises their 'Right to Refuse' medication?

<p>Notify the physician of the refusal, document the notification, and ensure the patient understands the potential consequences. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Before proceeding with medication administration, what are the most important considerations in ensuring 'Right Assessment'?

<p>Checking the patient's vital signs and lab results to ensure the medication is safe and appropriate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What immediate action should a healthcare provider take if they question the appropriateness of a prescribed medication based on patient assessment?

<p>Notify the ordering physician to the inappropriateness of administering any drug. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical step in ensuring medication accuracy from preparation to administration?

<p>Performing a triple check of the medication label against the physician's orders. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which consideration is most pertinent when administering oral medications?

<p>Ensuring the patient swallows the medication. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the sublingual route of drug administration and its primary benefit?

<p>Drug effect begins quickly especially in emergency situation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does buccal drug administration facilitate a systemic effect?

<p>The drug is applied between the gums and the cheek mucosa allowing the medication to pass directly into the bloodstream. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

With an enema insertion, what is important take in note before we push it in

<p>It must be lubricated (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What's a major characteristic with alveoli being permeable, what does it give to a drug absorption during inhalation?

<p>They make the alveoli better absorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the healthcare provider remember when he's being administered the drug through intravenous?

<p>IV administration should be applied with caution as the drug is delivered directly into the bloodstream. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If during an intravenous procedure a flashback of blood becomes visible in the cannula hub, what the next step to take?

<p>Progress the entire cannula a further 2mm, then fix the needle. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In IV administration, what are important steps to ensure?

<p>Sterility and Integrity, all together (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should occur if, during IV administration with saline, there is resistance?

<p>Immediately stop flushing if there is any pain, or you notice any localized tissue swelling and remove cannula. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do they use IV 3 Way Tap?

<p>When administering through more drugs at same time. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What are drugs?

Substances given to diagnose, cure, or prevent disease that can change body functions.

Drug classification types

Drugs can be classified into solid, liquid, semi-solid or gaseous forms based on their physical state.

What is synergism?

An interaction where the efficacy of two or more drugs is greater when used together than when used alone.

What is the additional effect?

A process where the effect of a drug is increased by taking it with another effective drug.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is potentiation?

The process where the effect of two combined durgs is greater than the sum of their individual effects.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is antagonism?

This is the process of the effect of one drug being reduced by another drug.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Proper drug storage

Drugs should be stored in a clean, cool, dry, and closed place.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Rules on medication orders

States that only a Physician Medication Order must be in writing.

Signup and view all the flashcards

First 5 rights of medication

These are the right patient, medication, dosage, route, and time.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Last 5 rights of medicaton

There are the rigth documentation, client education, right to refuse, right assessment and evaluation

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is thrombophlebitis?

Inflammation of a vein with thrombus formation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Enteral?

The most common systemic application site that means applying a drug to the digestive tract.

Signup and view all the flashcards

The process of buccal administration?

When applied between gums and cheek, these drugs bloodstream and have a systemic effect.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is sublingual administration

The process where The drug is placed under the tongue

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is transdermal application (patch)

Given on skin, are used for hormone replacement, and note application date.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Intranasal (nose) drugs

These are drops, suspensions used for nose congestion

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Epidermal administration?

Absorption that varies depending on the application site.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ophthalmic eye drops

Given in the eye, the head should be cold, and you shouldn't come into contact with the eyeball.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Parenteral Administration

This happens When you use a needle to inject into the skin. It requires skill.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is intraderm?

When used with Parenteral administration to inject just the dermis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is intramuscular administration

You should Hold like pencil, insert at 90 degrees.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is subcutaneous - SC - injection?

The skin is held taut, insert at 45-90 degrees.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is an intraveneous injection

20 to 30 degrees, enter the vein with a syrnge or needle.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are transufion reaction

Important to monitor this frequently, if it is a patient with fluid overload.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is fluid product and mix?

Where blood products should not be mixed with any solution other than 0.9% NaCl and 5% albumin.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Overview

  • Drug applications, indications, methods of administration, and associated considerations are detailed.
  • Focus is on fulfilling necessary drug administration practices

Objectives

  • Understanding drug definitions and classifications
  • Knowing effects within the body
  • Identifying how to request, supply, and store drugs
  • Comprehending the ways of administering drugs
  • Knowing how to apply drug practices

Drug Characteristics

  • Drugs change body functions when taken by a living organism
  • Medicines can be obtained from animal, vegetable, mineral, and synthetic sources
  • Core element of drug administration involves technical skills, including medication knowledge

Classification of Drugs

  • Drugs are classified based on their dosage form
  • Solid dosage forms include tablets and capsules for unit dosage, and tooth powder and dusting powder for bulk dosage
  • Liquid dosage forms include syrups and lotions as monophasic solutions, and suspensions and emulsions as biphasic solutions
  • Semi-solid dosage forms include creams, ointments, pastes, gels, suppositories, and pessaries
  • Gaseous dosage forms include aerosols and inhalations

Factors Affecting Drug Activity

  • Growth period (newborn, elderly) affects drug activity
  • Weight, gender, genetics, and cultural factors influence drug activity
  • Psychological state impacts drug activity
  • Illnesses and environment affect drug activity
  • Treatment and time and individual differences affect drug activity
  • Adverse drug effects can affect drug activity

Drug Interactions

  • Synergism displays increased efficacy when two or more drugs are used
  • Additional effects includes the increase in the effect of drugs when combined
  • Potentiation is when two drugs together create more effect than the sum of their individual effects
  • Antagonism is the reduction of a drug's effect by another drug
  • Example: Naloxone reduces the effect of narcotics

Drug Metabolism

  • Drug metabolism in the human body is complete in four stages
  • The stages are absorption, transport/distribution, change/disintegration, and excretion/elimination

Drug Supply and Storage

  • Prescriptions must be kept locked away
  • Medicines should be stored in a clean, closed, dry, and cool place
  • Bottles should be tightly closed to prevent evaporation and becoming moist
  • Oily or diluted medicines should be stored in refrigerators, and within expiration dates
  • Expired medicine, or medicine with changes in color, odor, or appearance, should not be used
  • Artifical lighting should exist where medicine is held
  • Emergency meds kept separately and like-effect meds kept together
  • Medicine cabinets should be large enough to hold medications
  • Addictive drugs are to be double-locked, and required signatures
  • Poisonous drugs should have a red label

Physician Medication Orders

  • Doctor's notes are required for drug administration, unless if it's an emergency
  • These requests can be regular, as needed, or urgent (single dose)
  • The document must contain the patient's name, date, time, drug to be administered, dose, and route
  • The document also needs the application frequency and doctor's signature
  • Doctor's notes should be checked by health professionals every morning
  • Documentation of any doubts is important

Safe Medication Administration “Rights”

  • Right patient: Always check the patient’s identification bracelet.
  • Right medication: Check drug medication label.
  • Right dose: Check the label for medication concentration.
  • Right route: Verify medication route with medication order
  • Right time: Verify a schedule of medication with the order.
  • Right documentation: To never document before medicine is administered
  • Right Paitent Teaching: Educate paitent on medicine being administered
  • Right to Refuse: Patient right to refuse medication
  • Right Assesment: Properly asses patient
  • Right Evaluation: Document patient response to medicine

Basic Principles of Drug Application

  • 10 Patient rights to drug administration should be known
  • The application is as follows: wash hands, don gloves, have verbal concent, patient confidentiality and position the patient correctly

Drug Application Considerations

  • Ensure the medicine cart is fully stocked with materials
  • Ensure the care taker is well attentive to the patient
  • Healthcare worker should be prepared prepare the medicine themself
  • In the instance medication order is illegible, correct with doctor
  • Important to discuss with patients the medicine and allergies they may have

Ensuring Accuracy

  • To ensure accuracy, have triple medication check
  • Verify when bottle of medicine is taken to administer
  • Verify the dose with proper bottle after pouring medicine in glass
  • Verify what and after medicine has been dispensed

Safety

  • Be sure to have patient ID when administering
  • A key detail to consider, is patients must swallow oral meds.
  • It's crucial that caregivers know everything there is to know about medication
  • Patients and their families, must be familiar the drug

Narcotic Drugs

  • Required to be under lock and key
  • All doses are to be recorded, and counted, for shifts
  • Two nurses must document, and sign, to use medication
  • If the ampoule cannot be finished, destroy the remains
  • All drugs are to be used in red label for administration

Drug Absorption Rates

  • Rates
  • The following administrations times are:
  • 15 seconds intracardiac
  • 30 to 60 seconds for intravenous
  • 3 minutes for inhalation or endotracheal
  • 3.5 mins for sublingual, 10 to 20 mins for Intramuscular
  • 5 to 30 mins for Rectal, 10 to 30 mins for Intradermal

Drug Application Measurements

  • Approximations include: 1cc = 1ml = 10 dizy =100 unit 20 drops and 4 to 5 ml to dessert spoon

Drug Action

  • Drugs cause systems to have a variety of desired effects
  • How they work with systems is dependent on drug and medication type
  • Patient’s needs, dose, and route greatly affect drug action

Administrations (Local)

  • Localized injections are required in pharmaceutical shape
  • For application of the skin (epidermal): use Ointments, creams, lotions, powder and solutions
  • For injections to eyes (conjunctival sac): use Ophthalmic drops and ointment
  • For injections through the nose (intranasal): use Nasal drops and spray

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

More Like This

Drug Administration Practices
96 questions

Drug Administration Practices

RetractableNephrite6474 avatar
RetractableNephrite6474
Drug Administration Practices
102 questions

Drug Administration Practices

RetractableNephrite6474 avatar
RetractableNephrite6474
Drug Administration: Classification and Application
109 questions
Drug Administration Fundamentals
100 questions

Drug Administration Fundamentals

RetractableNephrite6474 avatar
RetractableNephrite6474
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser