Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one of the emphasized aspects of understanding disease in aquaculture?
What is one of the emphasized aspects of understanding disease in aquaculture?
Why is it crucial to analyze production data for a comprehensive understanding of disease in aquaculture?
Why is it crucial to analyze production data for a comprehensive understanding of disease in aquaculture?
What are the key steps in the sampling process in aquaculture and why are they essential?
What are the key steps in the sampling process in aquaculture and why are they essential?
How is sampling conducted in aquaculture?
How is sampling conducted in aquaculture?
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What is the most economically significant disease to affect ATLANTIC SALMON?
What is the most economically significant disease to affect ATLANTIC SALMON?
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Which disease is caused by Neoparamoeba peruans and is known to cause severe mortality events in aquaculture?
Which disease is caused by Neoparamoeba peruans and is known to cause severe mortality events in aquaculture?
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What are the options for treating Amoebic Gill Disease (AGD) in aquaculture?
What are the options for treating Amoebic Gill Disease (AGD) in aquaculture?
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What is the main zoonotic disease of concern in the aquaculture industry?
What is the main zoonotic disease of concern in the aquaculture industry?
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Which disease is known to be hard to get rid of because it survives in sediment, net pens, and the water column?
Which disease is known to be hard to get rid of because it survives in sediment, net pens, and the water column?
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Which disease causes extreme gill damage, especially with warmer waters, and resulted in a loss of approximately £54 million in 2011?
Which disease causes extreme gill damage, especially with warmer waters, and resulted in a loss of approximately £54 million in 2011?
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Which disease affects over 80 species of fish and specifically immunomodulates the host increasing susceptibility to secondary infection?
Which disease affects over 80 species of fish and specifically immunomodulates the host increasing susceptibility to secondary infection?
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Which method involves fish being passed through a system where jets of water remove lice as a treatment option for Sea Lice?
Which method involves fish being passed through a system where jets of water remove lice as a treatment option for Sea Lice?
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Which treatment option for Sea Lice involves fish being moved through warm water briefly, causing lice to die and drop off?
Which treatment option for Sea Lice involves fish being moved through warm water briefly, causing lice to die and drop off?
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"Biological" treatment using cleaner fish is an option for treating which condition in aquaculture?
"Biological" treatment using cleaner fish is an option for treating which condition in aquaculture?
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"Thermal" treatment involving fish being moved through warm water briefly is a treatment option for which condition in aquaculture?
"Thermal" treatment involving fish being moved through warm water briefly is a treatment option for which condition in aquaculture?
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Which parameter is recorded weekly, at each farm, site, and pen on a 0-5 scale for monitoring Amoebic Gill Disease?
Which parameter is recorded weekly, at each farm, site, and pen on a 0-5 scale for monitoring Amoebic Gill Disease?
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Which method of vaccination is the MOST COMMON in aquaculture?
Which method of vaccination is the MOST COMMON in aquaculture?
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What did the OIE (World Organisation for Animal Health) advise as acceptable methods for killing farmed fish?
What did the OIE (World Organisation for Animal Health) advise as acceptable methods for killing farmed fish?
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What is the main purpose of fasting fish before live transport?
What is the main purpose of fasting fish before live transport?
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What is the primary recommendation given by RSPCA regarding crowding of fish before slaughter?
What is the primary recommendation given by RSPCA regarding crowding of fish before slaughter?
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What is the main reason for the reduced usage of antibiotics in the salmon industry?
What is the main reason for the reduced usage of antibiotics in the salmon industry?
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What is the primary method of controlling ANISAKIS in fish stocks?
What is the primary method of controlling ANISAKIS in fish stocks?
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What is the recommended method for administering vaccine to fish orally?
What is the recommended method for administering vaccine to fish orally?
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Which country mainly reports cases of ANISAKIS due to frequent consumption of raw fish?
Which country mainly reports cases of ANISAKIS due to frequent consumption of raw fish?
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What is the main challenge associated with vaccinating fish at the fry stage?
What is the main challenge associated with vaccinating fish at the fry stage?
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What is the primary concern regarding antibiotic usage in the salmon industry?
What is the primary concern regarding antibiotic usage in the salmon industry?
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Study Notes
Understanding Disease in Aquaculture
- Emphasizes the importance of analyzing production data to identify trends and correlations with disease occurrences.
- Comprehensive disease understanding in aquaculture requires extensive data to pinpoint risks and enhance management strategies.
Sampling Process in Aquaculture
- Key steps include selecting the sample size, random sampling techniques, and proper handling to prevent contamination.
- Essential for accurate disease diagnosis, monitoring health status, and evaluating overall stock health.
Sampling Conduct
- Involves collecting tissue, blood, or water samples from selective fish or environments to assess pathogen presence.
- Conducted systematically to ensure representative results across different farms and conditions.
Economically Significant Diseases
- Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHNV) is notable for affecting Atlantic salmon economically.
- This disease can lead to significant economic losses due to mortality and trade restrictions.
Amoebic Gill Disease (AGD)
- Caused by Neoparamoeba perurans, known for severe mortality events in aquaculture.
- Essential to monitor and manage to reduce impacts on fish health and production.
Treatment Options for AGD
- Include chemical treatments, freshwater baths, and biological management with cleaner fish.
- Each method aims to reduce gill inflammation and improve fish health efficiently.
Zoonotic Concerns
- The main zoonotic disease of concern is Vibrio parahaemolyticus, which can affect human health through seafood consumption.
- Monitoring and control are essential to prevent transmission to humans.
Sediment-Surviving Diseases
- Sea Lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) are particularly pernicious due to their ability to survive in various aquatic environments.
- Their persistence complicates management and eradication efforts.
Economic Impact of Gill Damage
- AGD, notably exacerbated by warmer waters, resulted in approximately £54 million losses in 2011 due to extreme gill damage.
- Highlights the need for effective monitoring and treatment strategies.
Immunomodulation in Fish Diseases
- Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis (IPN) affects over 80 fish species and increases susceptibility to secondary infections.
- Immunomodulatory effects complicate disease management in aquaculture settings.
Treatment Methods for Sea Lice
- "Mechanical" treatment involves passing fish through a system with jets to remove lice effectively.
- "Thermal" treatment includes briefly subjecting fish to warm water to kill lice before they drop off.
Monitoring Amoebic Gill Disease
- Weekly recordings of clinical signs on a 0-5 scale are vital for assessing AGD progression at each farm, site, and pen.
- Enables timely intervention to minimize fish losses.
Vaccination in Aquaculture
- The most common vaccination method involves subcutaneous injections of vaccines to ensure effective immune response.
- Oral vaccination methods are also recommended for certain diseases to facilitate administration.
Fish Slaughter Recommendations
- OIE advises humane methods, such as rapid stunning or asphyxia, for killing farmed fish.
- RSPCA emphasizes minimizing crowding before slaughter to reduce stress and promote humane treatment.
Antibiotic Usage in Salmon Industry
- Reduced antibiotic use is driven by a combination of market demands, regulatory pressures, and improved management practices.
- Concerns regarding antibiotic resistance and consumer health also influence antibiotic policies.
ANISAKIS Management
- Primary control involves freezing fish to eliminate parasites before consumption.
- Effective measures are necessary to ensure food safety in aquaculture.
Vaccine Administration Challenges
- Vaccinating fish at the fry stage is challenging due to their small size and educational limitations in handling.
- Ongoing research is critical to developing age-appropriate and effective vaccination strategies.
Antibiotic Concerns
- Primary concern regarding antibiotic use in the salmon industry revolves around the potential for developing antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
- Addressing these concerns is vital for sustainable aquaculture practices.
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Description
Learn about the comprehensive understanding of disease in aquaculture, which includes underperformance, pathogen analysis, and production data analysis. Dive into the key data relied upon by the salmon industry for managing disease and infections.
