Understanding DHCP Process

What are the key differences between TCP and UDP?

TCP handles reliability, congestion control, and ordering of messages. UDP is lightweight and does not track connections or order messages.

Explain the error handling mechanisms in TCP and UDP.

TCP retransmits erroneous packets from source to destination and performs error recovery. UDP simply discards erroneous packets without attempting error recovery.

What are the common header fields in TCP and UDP?

Common header fields in TCP and UDP include Source Port, Destination Port, and Checksum.

Describe the flow control mechanisms in TCP.

TCP uses a window-based flow control mechanism to manage the rate of data transmission between sender and receiver. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the TCP handshake process?

The TCP handshake establishes a connection by exchanging SYN, SYN-ACK, and ACK segments between the client and server. Signup and view all the answers

How does MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport) benefit IoT applications?

MQTT provides a lightweight messaging protocol for distributing telemetry information in resource-constrained IoT devices. Signup and view all the answers

Why is UDP suitable for applications like games?

UDP is suitable for applications like games because it offers fast and efficient transmission. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the difference in data packet ordering between TCP and UDP.

TCP rearranges data packets in the order specified, while UDP has no inherent order as packets are independent of each other. Signup and view all the answers

Why is UDP faster than TCP?

UDP is faster than TCP because it does not attempt error recovery and is a 'best effort' protocol. Signup and view all the answers

What is the header size difference between TCP and UDP?

TCP header size is 20 bytes while UDP header size is 8 bytes. Signup and view all the answers

How does TCP handle the streaming of data compared to UDP?

TCP streams data and reads it as a byte stream, while UDP sends packets individually without any distinguishing indications of message boundaries. Signup and view all the answers

Why is TCP considered heavy-weight compared to UDP?

TCP is heavy-weight because it requires three packets to set up a socket connection before any user data can be sent. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP)?

To enable communication between constrained devices and the wider Internet using similar protocols. Signup and view all the answers

Why is CoAP designed to easily translate to HTTP?

For simplified integration with the web. Signup and view all the answers

What are three key features of CoAP that make it suitable for IoT and M2M devices?

Multicast support, very low overhead, and simplicity. Signup and view all the answers

What type of networks is CoAP specifically designed for?

Constrained networks, such as low-power, lossy networks. Signup and view all the answers

How does CoAP facilitate communication between devices on different constrained networks?

By enabling them to be joined by the internet. Signup and view all the answers

What are the implications of CoAP's emphasis on efficiency for IoT and M2M devices?

Efficiency is crucial due to the devices being deeply embedded with limited memory and power supply. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an MQTT message broker?

To push information from publishers to subscribers based on topics. Signup and view all the answers

How does MQTT handle broken connections between subscribing clients and the broker?

The broker buffers messages and delivers them to the subscriber when it reconnects. Signup and view all the answers

Describe how MQTT topics are structured.

Topics are hierarchical, resembling a file path, allowing clients to subscribe to specific levels or use wild-cards for broader subscriptions. Signup and view all the answers

Why is MQTT protocol suitable for wireless networks with latency and unreliable connections?

It can handle varying levels of latency and unreliable connections, ensuring message delivery even in challenging network conditions. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four stages of an MQTT session?

Connection, authentication, communication, and termination. Signup and view all the answers

How does an MQTT broker handle the disconnection of a publishing client without notice?

The broker can close the connection and send subscribers a cached message with instructions from the publisher. Signup and view all the answers

What message is sent by the DHCP client when it wants to terminate the lease of a network address provided by the DHCP server?

DHCPRELEASE Signup and view all the answers

What message is sent from the client to the server when the client boots up or is connected to a network?

DHCPDISCOVER Signup and view all the answers

What is the destination address used in the DHCPDISCOVER message when there is no network configuration information on the client?

255.255.255.255 Signup and view all the answers

Which transport protocol is used for the DHCPDISCOVER message?

UDP Signup and view all the answers

What is the port number used for the DHCPDISCOVER message?

67 Signup and view all the answers

What message does the DHCP server reply with when it receives the DHCPDISCOVER request message from the client?

DHCPOFFER Signup and view all the answers