30 Questions
What are the key differences between TCP and UDP?
TCP handles reliability, congestion control, and ordering of messages. UDP is lightweight and does not track connections or order messages.
Explain the error handling mechanisms in TCP and UDP.
TCP retransmits erroneous packets from source to destination and performs error recovery. UDP simply discards erroneous packets without attempting error recovery.
What are the common header fields in TCP and UDP?
Common header fields in TCP and UDP include Source Port, Destination Port, and Checksum.
Describe the flow control mechanisms in TCP.
TCP uses a window-based flow control mechanism to manage the rate of data transmission between sender and receiver.
What is the purpose of the TCP handshake process?
The TCP handshake establishes a connection by exchanging SYN, SYN-ACK, and ACK segments between the client and server.
How does MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport) benefit IoT applications?
MQTT provides a lightweight messaging protocol for distributing telemetry information in resource-constrained IoT devices.
Why is UDP suitable for applications like games?
UDP is suitable for applications like games because it offers fast and efficient transmission.
Explain the difference in data packet ordering between TCP and UDP.
TCP rearranges data packets in the order specified, while UDP has no inherent order as packets are independent of each other.
Why is UDP faster than TCP?
UDP is faster than TCP because it does not attempt error recovery and is a 'best effort' protocol.
What is the header size difference between TCP and UDP?
TCP header size is 20 bytes while UDP header size is 8 bytes.
How does TCP handle the streaming of data compared to UDP?
TCP streams data and reads it as a byte stream, while UDP sends packets individually without any distinguishing indications of message boundaries.
Why is TCP considered heavy-weight compared to UDP?
TCP is heavy-weight because it requires three packets to set up a socket connection before any user data can be sent.
What is the main purpose of Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP)?
To enable communication between constrained devices and the wider Internet using similar protocols.
Why is CoAP designed to easily translate to HTTP?
For simplified integration with the web.
What are three key features of CoAP that make it suitable for IoT and M2M devices?
Multicast support, very low overhead, and simplicity.
What type of networks is CoAP specifically designed for?
Constrained networks, such as low-power, lossy networks.
How does CoAP facilitate communication between devices on different constrained networks?
By enabling them to be joined by the internet.
What are the implications of CoAP's emphasis on efficiency for IoT and M2M devices?
Efficiency is crucial due to the devices being deeply embedded with limited memory and power supply.
What is the purpose of an MQTT message broker?
To push information from publishers to subscribers based on topics.
How does MQTT handle broken connections between subscribing clients and the broker?
The broker buffers messages and delivers them to the subscriber when it reconnects.
Describe how MQTT topics are structured.
Topics are hierarchical, resembling a file path, allowing clients to subscribe to specific levels or use wild-cards for broader subscriptions.
Why is MQTT protocol suitable for wireless networks with latency and unreliable connections?
It can handle varying levels of latency and unreliable connections, ensuring message delivery even in challenging network conditions.
What are the four stages of an MQTT session?
Connection, authentication, communication, and termination.
How does an MQTT broker handle the disconnection of a publishing client without notice?
The broker can close the connection and send subscribers a cached message with instructions from the publisher.
What message is sent by the DHCP client when it wants to terminate the lease of a network address provided by the DHCP server?
DHCPRELEASE
What message is sent from the client to the server when the client boots up or is connected to a network?
DHCPDISCOVER
What is the destination address used in the DHCPDISCOVER message when there is no network configuration information on the client?
255.255.255.255
Which transport protocol is used for the DHCPDISCOVER message?
UDP
What is the port number used for the DHCPDISCOVER message?
67
What message does the DHCP server reply with when it receives the DHCPDISCOVER request message from the client?
DHCPOFFER
Learn about the DHCPRELEASE message sent by the DHCP client to terminate the lease of a network address, and explore the complete DHCP process. This quiz covers the steps involved in DHCP functionality when enabled by default on the client side.
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