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An object has a mass of 60g and when placed in a graduated cylinder, it displaces water from 75.0 mL to 90.5 mL. What is the object's density, rounded to the nearest tenth?
An object has a mass of 60g and when placed in a graduated cylinder, it displaces water from 75.0 mL to 90.5 mL. What is the object's density, rounded to the nearest tenth?
- 3.7 g/mL
- 3.9 g/mL (correct)
- 0.8 g/mL
- 4.2 g/mL
A cube has a side length of 8 cm and a mass of 960 g. What is the density of the cube?
A cube has a side length of 8 cm and a mass of 960 g. What is the density of the cube?
- 1.875 g/cm³ (correct)
- 1.75 g/cm³
- 2.00 g/cm³
- 1.25 g/cm³
A gold bar has a density of 19 g/cm³ and a mass of 9500 g. What is the volume of the gold bar?
A gold bar has a density of 19 g/cm³ and a mass of 9500 g. What is the volume of the gold bar?
- 500 cm³ (correct)
- 400 cm³
- 700 cm³
- 600 cm³
If a piece of wood is placed in two different liquids, one being water (density = 1 g/mL) and the other being oil (density = 0.8 g/mL), in which liquid will the wood float higher?
If a piece of wood is placed in two different liquids, one being water (density = 1 g/mL) and the other being oil (density = 0.8 g/mL), in which liquid will the wood float higher?
What distinguishes elements in the same group within the periodic table?
What distinguishes elements in the same group within the periodic table?
What quantity is represented by the atomic number of an element?
What quantity is represented by the atomic number of an element?
How would you determine the number of neutrons in an atom?
How would you determine the number of neutrons in an atom?
Which of the following is an example of a chemical property?
Which of the following is an example of a chemical property?
Consider a sealed container holding a gas. If the container is compressed, reducing its volume but keeping the mass constant, what will happen to the gas's density?
Consider a sealed container holding a gas. If the container is compressed, reducing its volume but keeping the mass constant, what will happen to the gas's density?
What is the rationale behind organizing elements by increasing atomic number instead of increasing atomic mass in the modern periodic table?
What is the rationale behind organizing elements by increasing atomic number instead of increasing atomic mass in the modern periodic table?
Which of the following is true for noble gases?
Which of the following is true for noble gases?
A 200g rock and a 200g sponge are placed in water. The rock sinks while the sponge floats. This demonstrates that:
A 200g rock and a 200g sponge are placed in water. The rock sinks while the sponge floats. This demonstrates that:
Which of the following statements correctly describes the behavior of two liquids with different densities when combined?
Which of the following statements correctly describes the behavior of two liquids with different densities when combined?
Francium is in group 1 and is the most reactive metal. What does this say about its electron configuration?
Francium is in group 1 and is the most reactive metal. What does this say about its electron configuration?
What is the correct relationship between density, mass, and volume?
What is the correct relationship between density, mass, and volume?
Flashcards
Density
Density
The amount of matter contained within a given space; mass divided by volume; measured in g/cm³ or g/mL.
Mass
Mass
The amount of matter in an object; measured in grams, kilograms, milligrams, or pounds.
Volume
Volume
The amount of space an object occupies; measured in mL, L, cm³, or m³.
Physical Property
Physical Property
A physical property is a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substance.
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Why ice floats
Why ice floats
Ice floats because it is less dense than liquid water; unique to water.
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Density of an Irregularly Shaped Object
Density of an Irregularly Shaped Object
Measure the mass with a scale, find volume using water displacement, then calculate density using the formula: d = m/v.
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Effect of Volume Increase on Density
Effect of Volume Increase on Density
If mass stays the same, but volume increases, density will decrease.
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Density after cutting in half?
Density after cutting in half?
Density stays the same, because it's an intensive property.
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Mixing liquids with different densities
Mixing liquids with different densities
The denser liquid will sink below the less dense liquid.
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Groups
Groups
Vertical columns
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Periods
Periods
Horizontal rows
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Noble Gases Reactivity
Noble Gases Reactivity
Noble gases do not readily react
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Difference between Metal and Nonmetal Properties
Difference between Metal and Nonmetal Properties
Metals are shiny, hard, malleable, ductile, and good conductors. Nonmetals are not shiny, soft, not malleable/ductile, and bad conductors.
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Calculate Neutrons
Calculate Neutrons
Number of neutrons = atomic mass - atomic number
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Periodic Table Creators
Periodic Table Creators
Dmitri Mendeleev formulated the periodic table, arranged by atomic mass. Henry Moseley found that atomic number is the number of protons.
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- Density is the amount of matter within a space, calculated as mass divided by volume, and is measured in units like g/cm³ or g/mL.
- Mass is the amount of matter in an object, measured in units like grams, kilograms, or pounds.
- Volume is the amount of space an object occupies, and is measured in units like mL, L, cm³, or m³.
- Kilogram (kg) is a unit of mass.
- Cubic centimeter (cm³) is a unit of volume.
- Gram per milliliter (g/mL) is a unit of density.
- Cubic meter (m³) is a unit of volume.
- Milliliter (mL) is a unit of volume.
- Gram (g) is a unit of mass.
- Kilogram per liter (kg/L) is a unit of density.
- Density is a physical property.
- The density of an object with a mass of 200 g and a volume of 50 cm³ is 4 g/cm³.
- A gold bar with a density of 19 g/cm³ and a mass of 9500g has a volume of 500 cm³.
- A piece of aluminum with a density of 2.6 g/cm³ and a volume of 15 cm³ has a mass of 39 g.
- A cricket ball with a density of 0.8g/cm³ and a mass of 165 g has a volume of 206.25 cm³.
- A cube with a side length of 8 cm and a mass of 960 g has a density of 1.875 g/cm³.
- A cylinder with a mass of 128 g, a radius of 4 cm, and a height of 9 cm has a density of 0.28 g/cm³.
- An irregular object with a mass of 60.0 g that displaces water from 75.0 mL to 90.5 mL has a density of 3.9 g/mL.
- Ice floats on water because it is less dense, being the only substance where solids are less dense than liquids.
- To determine the density of an irregularly shaped object, measure its mass with a scale, find its volume using water displacement (V = VF - V1), and calculate density using the formula D = m/V.
- If an object's mass stays the same but its volume increases, its density decreases.
- A rock is denser than a sponge of the same volume because it has more mass.
- The formula for calculating density is mass divided by volume.
- If an object has a mass of 50 g and a volume of 10 cm³, its density is 5 g/cm³.
- Gold is the most dense material among water, air, and wood.
- If an object sinks in water, its density is greater than the density of water.
- When temperature increases the density of a substance decreases (assuming it expands).
- If you cut an object in half, its density stays the same.
- A piece of wood floats on water because its density is lower than water.
- When two liquids with different densities are combined, the denser liquid sinks below the less dense liquid.
- Density is defined as mass divided by volume.
- An object's density can change if its temperature changes.
- The unit g/cm³ is commonly used for solids.
- Gases are less dense than liquids.
- If an object is compressed, its density increases.
- Density can help identify unknown substances.
- Density is mass divided by volume.
- Volume is the amount of space an object occupies.
- Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
- Buoyancy is mass divided by volume.
- Sink have lower density than the surrounding fluid.
- Float is the amount of matter in an object.
- In an atom of sodium, there are:
- 11 protons
- 11 electrons
- 12 neutrons
- Groups are vertical columns on the periodic table, and there are 18 groups; periods are horizontal rows, and there are 7 periods.
- Noble gases do not easily react with other substances; Helium and Neon never react.
- Metals are shiny, hard, malleable, ductile, and good conductors.
- Nonmetals are not shiny or soft, not malleable or ductile, and are bad conductors.
- The number of neutrons in an atom is determined by subtracting the atomic number from the atomic mass.
- Elements are arranged by increasing atomic number instead of atomic mass because organizing by atomic mass led to some discrepancies.
- Notable scientists and their contributions to understanding the periodic table:
- Dmitri Mendeleev formulated the periodic table and arranged it by atomic mass.
- Henry Moseley discovered that the atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus.
- Each box of the periodic table includes:
- Element name
- Chemical symbol
- Atomic mass
- The atomic number of an element represents the number of protons.
- Oxygen has the chemical symbol O.
- The rows in the periodic table are called periods.
- Elements in the same group have the same properties.
- Francium is the most reactive metal is in Group 1.
- Noble gases are in Group 18.
- The atomic mass of an element is determined by protons and neutrons.
- Carbon (C) has 6 electrons.
- Iron (Fe) is a metal.
- All elements in Group 18 are gases at room temperature.
- The periodic table is arranged by increasing atomic number.
- Metals are found on the left side of the periodic table.
- The halogens (Group 17) are highly reactive nonmetals.
- An element's chemical symbol is always one or two letters.
- Hydrogen is a gas.
- The number of protons equals the number of electrons in a neutral atom.
- Atomic mass is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
- A chart organizing all known elements is the atomic number.
- Alkali metals are highly reactive metals.
- Horizontal row on the periodic table is a group.
- the number of electrons in an atom and vertical column on the periodic table are halogens.
- Group 18 contain the noble gasses known to be unreactive.
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