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Questions and Answers
Which type of culture includes tangible products created by human interaction?
Which type of culture includes tangible products created by human interaction?
- Real Culture
- High Culture
- Materialistic Culture (correct)
- Ideal Culture
What is an example of high culture?
What is an example of high culture?
- Best-selling novels
- Formal weddings (correct)
- Fast-food restaurants
- Rock concerts
Which option best represents informal norms?
Which option best represents informal norms?
- School rules and regulations
- Company dress codes
- Laws against theft
- Common etiquette like saying 'thank you' (correct)
What are social sanctions primarily used to enforce?
What are social sanctions primarily used to enforce?
Real culture differs from ideal culture in that it focuses on:
Real culture differs from ideal culture in that it focuses on:
Which of the following is a characteristic of popular culture?
Which of the following is a characteristic of popular culture?
What term describes the aspirations of a society in terms of values and norms?
What term describes the aspirations of a society in terms of values and norms?
A boy who pushes an elderly woman aside to board the bus first is likely to face what type of social reaction?
A boy who pushes an elderly woman aside to board the bus first is likely to face what type of social reaction?
What defines how to behave in accordance with societal expectations?
What defines how to behave in accordance with societal expectations?
Which of the following is an example of a formal norm?
Which of the following is an example of a formal norm?
Which best describes informal norms?
Which best describes informal norms?
What is the function of social sanctions in society?
What is the function of social sanctions in society?
How do individuals typically learn informal norms?
How do individuals typically learn informal norms?
What is an example of a positive sanction?
What is an example of a positive sanction?
Which of the following describes a collective belief in North American society?
Which of the following describes a collective belief in North American society?
What distinguishes formal norms from informal norms?
What distinguishes formal norms from informal norms?
What defines the formal norms within a culture?
What defines the formal norms within a culture?
Which of the following best describes social norms?
Which of the following best describes social norms?
What distinguishes informal norms from other types of norms?
What distinguishes informal norms from other types of norms?
What is an example of social sanctions?
What is an example of social sanctions?
Which element of culture primarily shapes what a society considers to be good or bad?
Which element of culture primarily shapes what a society considers to be good or bad?
How do values contribute to the transmission of a culture?
How do values contribute to the transmission of a culture?
What is the primary difference between society and culture?
What is the primary difference between society and culture?
Which type of culture includes the practices and beliefs that are seen as representative of a group?
Which type of culture includes the practices and beliefs that are seen as representative of a group?
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Study Notes
Culture
- Culture is the beliefs, behaviors, objects, and other characteristics common to members of a particular group or society.
- Culture is how people and groups define themselves, conform to society's shared values, and contribute to society.
- Materialistic culture: Tangible products created by human interaction, including objects, clothing, art, buildings, technology, food, vehicles, tools, and more.
- Non-Materialistic culture: Intangible creations of human interaction, such as ideas, languages, values, beliefs, behaviors, and social institutions.
- Popular culture: Activities that are widespread in a culture with mass accessibility and appeal, pursued by large numbers of people across all social classes. Examples include fast food, rock concerts, television shows, and best-selling novels.
- High culture: Typically refers to activities generally associated with the social elite. May not be available to everyone due to cost or exclusivity.
Elements of Culture
- Values: Standards for discriminating what is good and just in society. They are deeply embedded and critical for teaching cultural beliefs. Example: honesty, integrity, kindness, generosity, courage, and confidence.
- Beliefs: Tenets or convictions that people hold to be true. Individuals have their beliefs, but they also share collective values. Example: The belief that anyone who works hard enough will be successful and wealthy.
- Norms: Define how to behave in accordance with what a society defines as good, right, and important. Most members adhere to norms. Examples: greeting people, giving up a seat for an elderly person, opening doors for others.
- Formal norms: Established, written rules. Examples: employee manuals, college entrance exam requirements, "no running" signs at swimming pools.
- Informal norms: Casual behaviours generally and widely conformed to. Learned through observation, imitation, and socialization. Examples: using napkins, covering your nose when sneezing, not spitting in public places, saying please and thank you, knocking before entering.
- Social sanctions: A form of social control to encourage conformity to cultural norms. Can be positive or negative. Positive sanctions: Good grades, praise. Negative sanctions: Punishment for going against societal values.
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