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Questions and Answers
According to Coulomb's Law, what is the relationship between electrostatic force and the distance between two charges?
According to Coulomb's Law, what is the relationship between electrostatic force and the distance between two charges?
- Inversely proportional to the distance.
- Directly proportional to the distance.
- Inversely proportional to the square of the distance. (correct)
- Directly proportional to the square of the distance.
If the distance between two charges is doubled, how does the electrostatic force between them change?
If the distance between two charges is doubled, how does the electrostatic force between them change?
- It becomes twice as strong.
- It becomes half as strong.
- It becomes four times as strong.
- It becomes one-fourth as strong. (correct)
What is the value of the electrostatic constant (k) in free space?
What is the value of the electrostatic constant (k) in free space?
- $6.67 imes 10^{-11} \, ext{Nm}^2/ ext{kg}^2$
- $9.0 imes 10^8 \, ext{Nm}^2/ ext{C}^2$
- $9.0 imes 10^9 \, ext{Nm}^2/ ext{C}^2$ (correct)
- $3.0 imes 10^8 \, ext{m/s}$
Which of the following is analogous to charge in Coulomb's Law, in the context of Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?
Which of the following is analogous to charge in Coulomb's Law, in the context of Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?
What is the direction of the electric field defined as?
What is the direction of the electric field defined as?
Electric field lines originating from a point charge will point:
Electric field lines originating from a point charge will point:
If the magnitude of one of the two charges is doubled, how does the electrostatic force between them change, assuming all other parameters remain constant?
If the magnitude of one of the two charges is doubled, how does the electrostatic force between them change, assuming all other parameters remain constant?
Consider two point charges. If both the magnitudes of the charges are doubled and the distance between them is also doubled, how will the electrostatic force change?
Consider two point charges. If both the magnitudes of the charges are doubled and the distance between them is also doubled, how will the electrostatic force change?
Which statement about electric field lines is incorrect?
Which statement about electric field lines is incorrect?
What happens to the electric field strength as you move further away from an isolated point charge?
What happens to the electric field strength as you move further away from an isolated point charge?
The electric field strength is defined as:
The electric field strength is defined as:
What is the unit of electric field strength?
What is the unit of electric field strength?
Two charges, $+2Q$ and $-Q$, are placed a certain distance apart. Which of the following statements is true regarding the magnitudes of the forces they exert on each other?
Two charges, $+2Q$ and $-Q$, are placed a certain distance apart. Which of the following statements is true regarding the magnitudes of the forces they exert on each other?
For two like charges, the electric field lines will:
For two like charges, the electric field lines will:
Consider a region with a uniform electric field. If a charge is moved within this field, which path will require the least work to be done against the electric force?
Consider a region with a uniform electric field. If a charge is moved within this field, which path will require the least work to be done against the electric force?
If charge $Q_1$ is $2 \mu C$ and charge $Q_2$ is $-4 \mu C$ are separated by a distance of $3m$, what is the magnitude of the electrostatic force between them? (Use $k = 9 imes 10^9 , ext{Nm}^2/ ext{C}^2$)
If charge $Q_1$ is $2 \mu C$ and charge $Q_2$ is $-4 \mu C$ are separated by a distance of $3m$, what is the magnitude of the electrostatic force between them? (Use $k = 9 imes 10^9 , ext{Nm}^2/ ext{C}^2$)
At a certain point in space, an electric field is directed due east and has a magnitude of $100 , ext{N/C}$. What force would be exerted on a proton placed at this point? (Charge of proton $e = 1.6 imes 10^{-19} , ext{C}$)
At a certain point in space, an electric field is directed due east and has a magnitude of $100 , ext{N/C}$. What force would be exerted on a proton placed at this point? (Charge of proton $e = 1.6 imes 10^{-19} , ext{C}$)
Two identical positive charges are placed at a distance 'd' apart. At what point on the line joining the two charges is the electric field zero?
Two identical positive charges are placed at a distance 'd' apart. At what point on the line joining the two charges is the electric field zero?
Three charges $+q$, $+q$, and $+q$ are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle. What is the direction of the net electric field at the centroid of the triangle?
Three charges $+q$, $+q$, and $+q$ are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle. What is the direction of the net electric field at the centroid of the triangle?
Consider two charges $+Q$ and $-2Q$ separated by a distance $r$. At what distance from the $+Q$ charge, along the line joining the two charges, is the net electric field zero?
Consider two charges $+Q$ and $-2Q$ separated by a distance $r$. At what distance from the $+Q$ charge, along the line joining the two charges, is the net electric field zero?
If the electrostatic force between two charges in a vacuum is $F$, what would be the force between the same two charges when immersed in a medium with a dielectric constant $\kappa$?
If the electrostatic force between two charges in a vacuum is $F$, what would be the force between the same two charges when immersed in a medium with a dielectric constant $\kappa$?
Which of the following scenarios will result in the greatest magnitude of electrostatic force?
Which of the following scenarios will result in the greatest magnitude of electrostatic force?
If a positive test charge is released from rest in an electric field, it will move:
If a positive test charge is released from rest in an electric field, it will move:
What is the relationship between the density of electric field lines and the magnitude of the electric field?
What is the relationship between the density of electric field lines and the magnitude of the electric field?
Which of the following is a vector quantity?
Which of the following is a vector quantity?
Compared to gravitational forces, electrostatic forces are generally:
Compared to gravitational forces, electrostatic forces are generally:
Which of the following is true about the electrostatic force and the gravitational force?
Which of the following is true about the electrostatic force and the gravitational force?
Imagine a scenario where Coulomb's constant $k$ was suddenly doubled. How would this affect the electrostatic force between two charges?
Imagine a scenario where Coulomb's constant $k$ was suddenly doubled. How would this affect the electrostatic force between two charges?
If the distance between two charges is reduced to half its original value, the electrostatic force between them becomes:
If the distance between two charges is reduced to half its original value, the electrostatic force between them becomes:
In a region where the electric field lines are parallel and equally spaced, what can be concluded about the electric field?
In a region where the electric field lines are parallel and equally spaced, what can be concluded about the electric field?
A proton and an electron are placed in a uniform electric field. Which of the following statements is true?
A proton and an electron are placed in a uniform electric field. Which of the following statements is true?
What is the effect on electrostatic force if the distance between two charges is tripled?
What is the effect on electrostatic force if the distance between two charges is tripled?
If both the magnitudes of two charges are halved, and the distance between them remains constant, how does the electrostatic force change?
If both the magnitudes of two charges are halved, and the distance between them remains constant, how does the electrostatic force change?
In Coulomb's Law, what does the constant ( k ) represent?
In Coulomb's Law, what does the constant ( k ) represent?
Which of the following is most analogous to mass in Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, within the framework of Coulomb's Law?
Which of the following is most analogous to mass in Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, within the framework of Coulomb's Law?
The direction of an electric field is defined as the direction of the force on what type of charge?
The direction of an electric field is defined as the direction of the force on what type of charge?
Electric field lines near a negative point charge will:
Electric field lines near a negative point charge will:
Increasing the magnitude of one of the two charges has what effect on the electrostatic force, all other parameters being constant?
Increasing the magnitude of one of the two charges has what effect on the electrostatic force, all other parameters being constant?
If both charges are tripled and the distance between them is halved, how will the electrostatic force change?
If both charges are tripled and the distance between them is halved, how will the electrostatic force change?
Which statement is correct regarding electric field lines?
Which statement is correct regarding electric field lines?
How does the electric field strength change as you move closer to an isolated point charge?
How does the electric field strength change as you move closer to an isolated point charge?
Two charges, $-3Q$ and $+Q$, are positioned at a distance. Which statement is correct about the forces they exert on each other?
Two charges, $-3Q$ and $+Q$, are positioned at a distance. Which statement is correct about the forces they exert on each other?
Electric field lines for two unlike charges will:
Electric field lines for two unlike charges will:
Within a uniform electric field, which path requires the most work to move a charge against the electric force?
Within a uniform electric field, which path requires the most work to move a charge against the electric force?
Two charges of $+6 \mu C$ and $-2 \mu C$ are separated by $6m$. Calculate the electrostatic force between them, using $k = 9 imes 10^9 , ext{Nm}^2/ ext{C}^2$.
Two charges of $+6 \mu C$ and $-2 \mu C$ are separated by $6m$. Calculate the electrostatic force between them, using $k = 9 imes 10^9 , ext{Nm}^2/ ext{C}^2$.
An electric field of $500 , ext{N/C}$ is directed due north. What force would be exerted on an electron placed in this field? (Charge of electron $e = -1.6 imes 10^{-19} , ext{C}$)
An electric field of $500 , ext{N/C}$ is directed due north. What force would be exerted on an electron placed in this field? (Charge of electron $e = -1.6 imes 10^{-19} , ext{C}$)
Two identical negative charges are separated by a distance '2d'. Determine the location where a positive test charge would experience the maximum electric field strength.
Two identical negative charges are separated by a distance '2d'. Determine the location where a positive test charge would experience the maximum electric field strength.
Three charges, $-2q$, $+q$, and $+q$, are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle. Determine the direction of the net electric field at the centroid of the triangle.
Three charges, $-2q$, $+q$, and $+q$, are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle. Determine the direction of the net electric field at the centroid of the triangle.
Two charges, $+4Q$ and $-Q$, are separated by a distance $r$. Find the point along the line joining them where the net electric field is zero.
Two charges, $+4Q$ and $-Q$, are separated by a distance $r$. Find the point along the line joining them where the net electric field is zero.
If the electrostatic force between two charges in a medium is $F'$ and the force in a vacuum is $F$, and given the dielectric constant of the medium is $\kappa$ = 5, what is the relationship between $F'$ and $F$?
If the electrostatic force between two charges in a medium is $F'$ and the force in a vacuum is $F$, and given the dielectric constant of the medium is $\kappa$ = 5, what is the relationship between $F'$ and $F$?
Which scenario results in the smallest magnitude of electrostatic force?
Which scenario results in the smallest magnitude of electrostatic force?
If a negative test charge is released from rest in an electric field, in what direction will it move?
If a negative test charge is released from rest in an electric field, in what direction will it move?
What does the spacing of electric field lines indicate about the magnitude of the electric field?
What does the spacing of electric field lines indicate about the magnitude of the electric field?
Compared to electrostatic forces, gravitational forces are generally:
Compared to electrostatic forces, gravitational forces are generally:
Which of the following statements accurately compares electrostatic force and gravitational force?
Which of the following statements accurately compares electrostatic force and gravitational force?
If Coulomb's constant (k) were suddenly halved, how would this affect the electrostatic force between two charges?
If Coulomb's constant (k) were suddenly halved, how would this affect the electrostatic force between two charges?
If the distance between two charges is increased by a factor of four, the electrostatic force between them is:
If the distance between two charges is increased by a factor of four, the electrostatic force between them is:
In a region where the electric field lines converge, what can be concluded about the electric field?
In a region where the electric field lines converge, what can be concluded about the electric field?
A proton and an electron are released from rest in a uniform electric field. Which statement is true regarding their acceleration?
A proton and an electron are released from rest in a uniform electric field. Which statement is true regarding their acceleration?
Flashcards
Coulomb's Law
Coulomb's Law
The electrostatic force between two point-like charges is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of each charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the charges.
Electrostatic Constant (k)
Electrostatic Constant (k)
A fundamental constant that appears in electrostatics. It is approximately equal to 9.0 x 10^9 N⋅m²/C².
Electric Field
Electric Field
A region of space in which an electric charge will experience a force.
Electric Field Lines
Electric Field Lines
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Electric Field Strength (E)
Electric Field Strength (E)
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Positive Test Charge
Positive Test Charge
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Charge Interaction
Charge Interaction
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Electrostatic Force
Electrostatic Force
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Coulomb's Law Formula
Coulomb's Law Formula
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Electrostatic Constant Value
Electrostatic Constant Value
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Non-Contact Forces
Non-Contact Forces
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Electric Field Lines Purpose
Electric Field Lines Purpose
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Field Lines Around Positive Charge
Field Lines Around Positive Charge
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Field Lines Around Negative Charge
Field Lines Around Negative Charge
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Field Lines: Unlike Charges
Field Lines: Unlike Charges
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Field Lines: Like Charges
Field Lines: Like Charges
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Unequal Charge Magnitudes
Unequal Charge Magnitudes
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Electric Field Strength Formula
Electric Field Strength Formula
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Electric Field Strength Formula (Coulomb)
Electric Field Strength Formula (Coulomb)
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Study Notes
Coulomb’s Law
- Like charges repel each other, while unlike charges attract each other
- Electrostatic force occurs when the charges are at rest
- The magnitude of the electrostatic force increases with the magnitude of the charges
- The magnitude of the electrostatic force decreases as the distance between the charges increases
- Charles-Augustin de Coulomb detailed electrostatic force around 1784
- The magnitude of the electrostatic force between two point-like charges is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the charges
- The magnitude of the force is proportional to the product of the charges
Coulomb's Law Formula
- F ∝ (Q1Q2)/r² where Q1 and Q2 are magnitudes of two charges and r is the distance between them
- F = k (Q1Q2)/r² where k is the electrostatic constant
- Electrostatic constant (k) value is 9.0 x 10^9 Nm²/C² in free space
- Newton’s universal law of gravitation formula: FG = G (m1m2)/d² where m1 and m2 are masses of two particles, d is the distance between them and G is the gravitational constant
- Electrostatic force (F) is proportional to the product of magnitudes of the charges
- Electrostatic force (F) is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
- As the distance between charges doubles, the electrostatic force decreases by a factor of four
- Coulomb’s law is similar in form to Newton’s universal law of gravitation; both are inverse-square laws.
- Both laws represent the force exerted by particles (point masses or point charges) on each other that interact by means of a field
Electric Field
- Electric field is a region of space where an electric charge experiences a force
- The direction of the electric field at any point is the direction of the force that a positive test charge would experience at that point
Representing Electric Fields
- Electric field lines represent the strength and direction of an electric field
- Electric field lines show the direction a positive test charge would move if placed in the field
- Electric field lines are drawn to represent the force experienced by a test charge at various points around a source charge
- Around a positive charge (+Q), a positive test charge (+q) will experience a repulsive force
- The force that a test charge experiences is governed by Coulomb’s law
Positive and Negative Charges
- Force vectors at different points around the positive charge are arrows that point away from the charge
- Force decreases with distance
- For a negative charge (Q), a positive test charge (+q) will experience an attractive force
- Force vectors point towards the negative charge
- The magnitude of the force is the same at the same distances as in the case of a positive charge
- The direction is opposite due to the attractive nature of the interaction between opposite charges
Conventions
- Arrows on field lines indicate field direction
- Field lines point away from positive charges and towards negative charges
- Field lines are closer together where the field is stronger
- Field lines do not touch or cross each other
- Field lines are drawn perpendicular to a charge or charged surface
- The greater the magnitude of the charge, the stronger its electric field, represented by more field lines around the charge
Electric Fields Around Different Charge Configurations
- For a positive and a negative charge placed next to each other, electric field lines start from the positive charge and end at the negative charge
- For two positive charges of equal magnitude placed next to each other, electric field lines repel from both charges
- Two positive charges create a region where electric fields cancel out so there is no net force
- The electric field around two negative charges is similar in structure to that around two positive charges but with the direction of the field lines reversed
- When the magnitudes of the charges are different, the field lines are more influenced by the charge with the greater magnitude
- Results in a field configuration where the field lines are more densely packed around the stronger charge indicating a stronger electric field in that region
Electric Field Strength
- Electric field strength at a point is the force per unit charge that a test charge would experience at that point
- E = F/q where F is the force experienced by a test charge q
- Units of electric field strength are newtons per coulomb (N/C)
- E = kQ/r² where Q is the source charge creating the electric field, r is the distance from the source charge to the point where the field strength is being calculated, and k is Coulomb’s constant (9.0 × 10^9 Nm²/C²)
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