Understanding Consumer Behavior ch.1
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following actions best exemplifies the pursuit of social capital through expenditure?

  • Buying designer accessories to gain acceptance within a peer group. (correct)
  • Hiring a cleaning service to free up time for personal hobbies.
  • Purchasing organic groceries to improve one's health and energy levels.
  • Enrolling in a professional development course to enhance job skills.

An individual decides to invest in a high-efficiency air purifier for their home. Which type of value are they primarily seeking?

  • Social Value
  • Utilitarian Value (correct)
  • Energy Value
  • Knowledge Value

Which scenario demonstrates an investment aimed at increasing 'energy' as a resource, as described in the content?

  • Attending a networking event to expand professional contacts.
  • Purchasing ergonomic office equipment to reduce physical strain and fatigue. (correct)
  • Hiring a personal assistant to manage scheduling and communications.
  • Subscribing to a financial newsletter to improve investment knowledge.

A consultant spends money attending a conference. Which combination of values (USER model) are they intending to increase?

<p>Social Capital and Knowledge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of all human exchanges, according to the content?

<p>Maximizing Value (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity exemplifies a consumer's mental activity relating to consumer behavior?

<p>Evaluating personal feelings related to a product's perceived image. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A consumer is considering purchasing a new laptop. Before making the purchase, they compare different brands, read online reviews, and assess their budget. Which aspect of consumer behavior does this scenario primarily illustrate?

<p>Pre-purchase activities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A marketing team is developing a new campaign for a product. They want to influence both the mental and physical activities of potential consumers. Which strategy would best address both aspects?

<p>Offering free samples of the product in stores while providing detailed information about its benefits. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A consumer has a strong negative emotional reaction to a particular brand due to a past negative experience. According to the definition of consumer behavior, how does this emotional reaction primarily influence their future purchasing decisions?

<p>It primarily impacts their mental activities, shaping their perceptions and attitudes towards the brand. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do mental activities directly influence a consumer's ultimate purchase decision?

<p>By shaping perceptions and attitudes about products, thereby defining what the consumer wants vs needs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity best exemplifies the role of marketers in connecting businesses to consumers?

<p>Presenting a product and its message to consumers, aiming to satisfy their needs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do marketers primarily serve their own organization, based on the description provided?

<p>By interpreting consumer needs and preferences, then communicating these to internal departments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way do social organizations utilize the study of consumer behavior?

<p>To understand donors, patrons, and other stakeholders in order to promote well-being. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario illustrates a public policy maker's role in protecting consumers?

<p>Implementing laws and agencies to monitor business practices and prevent deceptive marketing. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given the information, what is the fundamental purpose of business and marketing?

<p>To create value for both the company and the consumer. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies a consumer receiving ego/identity value?

<p>Choosing organic produce to support personal health goals and align with a self-perception of being health-conscious. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A consumer consistently purchases products from companies known for their sustainable practices. This behavior primarily reflects the pursuit of which type of value?

<p>Ego/identity value (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Participating in a community cleanup event can be seen as an exchange of which consumer resource for value?

<p>Time and energy in exchange for social and ego/identity value. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A consumer spends hours researching different brands of a product before making a purchase. Which consumer resource is most prominently being utilized in this scenario?

<p>Energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following examples illustrates a consumer providing 'knowledge' as a resource in a market exchange?

<p>Allowing a store to track your location via a mobile app. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Attending a live sporting event primarily provides value related to:

<p>Recreation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A consumer chooses to purchase a specific brand of running shoes endorsed by a famous athlete. This decision is most likely driven by a combination of which two values?

<p>Social and ego/identity value. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might a marketer appeal to a consumer's need for 'recreation value' when promoting a new video game?

<p>Emphasizing the game's immersive storyline, stunning visuals, and opportunities for stress relief. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A consumer meticulously compares prices of different brands of coffee beans to find the best deal without sacrificing quality. Which vision of the consumer does this behavior exemplify?

<p>Consumer as an economic creature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person purchases a new brand of noise-canceling headphones to improve focus while working from home. According to the 5 visions of consumer behavior, which one applies best to this scenario?

<p>Consumer as problem solver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is anthropology relevant to the study of consumer behavior?

<p>It examines the historic development of humankind and how culture shapes lifestyles and consumption patterns. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A marketing team analyzes census data and studies of family structures to understand how purchasing decisions for household goods are made. Which social science is most directly informing their analysis?

<p>Sociology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A researcher is investigating how consumers form attitudes towards new sustainable products and what motivates them to adopt eco-friendly behaviors. Which primary discipline is informing this research?

<p>Psychology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A city council is considering implementing a new tax on sugary drinks to discourage consumption. From the perspective of understanding consumer behavior, which social science is MOST relevant to predicting the policy's impact?

<p>Economics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When analyzing consumer behavior through the lens of 'Consumer as Computer', what is the primary focus?

<p>The rational processing of information and decision-making. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vision of the consumer is most applicable to a person enjoying the atmosphere and social interaction at a farmer's market, even if they don't have specific items to purchase?

<p>Consumer as reveler (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity exemplifies a consumer engaging in a 'physical activity' related to product acquisition?

<p>Saving old cardboard boxes for future recycling purposes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A local charity provides free meals to the homeless. In the context of consumer behavior, what type of marketer is the charity?

<p>A non-profit organization offering services at no cost. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between a 'need' and a 'want' in the context of consumer behavior?

<p>A 'need' is a discomforting human condition, while a 'want' is a desire for a specific object or product. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of 'exchange' in consumer behavior?

<p>A consumer paying money for a new laptop computer. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person feels insecure and desires to improve their social standing. According to the definition, this feeling is best described as which of the following?

<p>A psychological need. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A consumer decides to purchase a high-efficiency washing machine. Which of the following resources are they most likely trying to conserve?

<p>Both money and time. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios illustrates a consumer's exchange of 'time' as a resource?

<p>Hiring someone to clean their house to free up personal time. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a consumer feels hungry, they are experiencing a(n) ______; if they want pizza, they are expressing a(n) ______.

<p>need; want (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides money, what is a significant resource that consumers often exchange in the marketplace?

<p>Time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company offers a new fitness app for a monthly subscription fee. In this scenario, the company is acting as a ______ seeking ______ from consumers.

<p>marketer; money (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Consumer Behavior

The mental and physical activities undertaken by consumers leading up to a purchase.

Mental Activities (in Consumer Behavior)

Acts of the mind related to our thoughts, feelings, and knowledge about products.

Knowledge (as a Resource)

Acquiring information through books, courses, and lessons to improve skills and capabilities.

Energy (as a Resource)

Investing in activities and products like gym memberships, yoga, and supplements to enhance physical well-being.

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Social Capital (as a Resource)

Cultivating friendships and professional relationships through networking, gifts, and club memberships for mutual support.

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Value

The total net benefits received from an activity or exchange; a core goal in human interactions.

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Utilitarian Value

Tangible outcomes of product usage that affect our physical well-being and enable us to manage our physical environments.

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Marketers

Individuals who connect businesses to consumers, presenting products as solutions to consumer needs.

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Social Organizations

Organizations that promote public well-being, not just profit, using marketing to gain support and participation.

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Public Policy Makers

They protect consumers from deceptive marketing and irrational consumption through laws and monitoring.

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Consumers

Understanding consumer behavior can help individuals make informed decisions about their spending and consumption habits, influencing their satisfaction and experiences.

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Purpose of Business & Marketing

To provide something of worth or benefit to customers.

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Social Value

Value derived from managing social interactions and projecting a positive image.

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Ego/Identity Value

Value derived from constructing and reinforcing one's identity and self-concept.

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Recreation Value

Value derived from activities that recreate mood, reduce fatigue, and rejuvenate the mind.

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Hedonic Value

The pleasure and enjoyment received from an activity or object.

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Consumer Resources

Assets consumers use in exchange for value.

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Money (as a Resource)

A resource consumers exchange for value. It includes currency.

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Time (as a Resource)

A resource consumers exchange for value, such as waiting in line.

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Consumer as Problem Solver

Consumers seek solutions to daily needs by finding products or services that best meet those needs.

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Consumer as Economic Creature

Consumers manage finances wisely, seeking the best available price to maximize utility.

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Consumer as Computer

Consumers process marketplace information like a computer, evaluating labels and ads.

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Consumer as Shopper

Consumers enjoy the shopping experience for leisure, including window shopping.

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Consumer as Reveler

Consumers seek enjoyment and good times.

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Anthropology

Studies humankind's historic development, how people live, and how culture develops.

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Sociology

Examines social systems, groups, and how individuals relate within them, including institutions like family and church.

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Economics

Studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods, and how resources are allocated.

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Mental Activity (Consumer Behavior)

Thinking about products, their benefits, and risks, or recalling product information.

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Physical Activities (Consumer Behavior)

Physical actions taken when acquiring or consuming products (e.g., shopping, test driving).

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Product (Consumer Behavior)

Any tangible item or service that provides a benefit to a consumer.

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Need

A discomforting human condition, either physiological or psychological.

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Want

A desire for a specific object or product that can satisfy a need.

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Exchange

An interchange of resources for value between a market and consumer.

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Resources (Consumer Behavior)

Something owned/possessed, valued by people, used to satisfy needs/wants.

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Study Notes

  • Consumer behavior is defined as the mental and physical activities undertaken before buying something, indicating a process occurs beforehand

Mental Activities

  • These involve acts of the mind related to thoughts, feelings, and knowledge about products

Physical Activities

  • These are actions of the human body related to acquiring and consuming products

    • Examples include visiting stores, using coupons, talking to salespeople, test driving, placing items in/abandoning carts, and recycling packaging
  • A product refers to any physical or nonphysical item or service offering a benefit to the consumer

  • Consumers include anyone engaged in using products and services in the marketplace

  • A Need can be defined as a discomforting human condition, either physiological or psychological

    • Physiological needs include sensations of hunger or cold
    • Psychological needs include feeling bored, insecure, or looked down upon
  • A Want is a desire for a specific object or product that a consumer believes will restore them to a satisfactory state

  • The discomfort of a hungry stomach is a need, while the specific food desired is a want

  • Understanding consumer behavior involves considering economic, psychological, societal, and biological factors beyond just the act of buying

Exchange

  • Exchange is the interchange of resources between two parties in return for value

Marketer

  • A marketer is an individual or organization aiming to offer products/services for money or resources
    • A commercial entity primarily seeks money as its main organizational goal
    • A nonprofit offers products/services for free or at a nominal charge

Resources

  • Resources are assets or possessions that people value, influencing exchange to satisfy needs and wants

Five Resources

  • Money is the most common resource used for marketplace exchange

  • Time is a resource gained through time-saving devices

    • Hiring help reduces personal time spent on chores
    • Time is spent when waiting in line to make purchase
  • Knowledge is acquired through books and courses

  • Energy is invested in activities like gym workouts, yoga, and supplements to enhance physical well-being

  • Social capital includes networks of friends and professional connections for aid

    • Acceptance among peers may be gained through designer brands
    • Writing thank-you notes and sending gifts strengthens friendships
    • Social clubs and associations expand social networks
  • Value is the total net benefits received from an activity or exchange and is a primary goal in human exchanges

Four Values

  • Utilitarian comes from usage of a product/activity
    • It comprises the products effect on the physical self and world
  • Social stems from managing social interactions
    • It includes warm relations, fitting in, and projecting positive image
  • Ego/Identity arises constructing ourselves
    • It reflects self-concepts, our sense of ego, our ideas of Who We Are
  • Recreation comes from pleasure
    • It covers mood and mental refreshment

Consumers possess five resources to exchange for value

  • Money
  • Time is spent waiting in line
  • Energy is the effort exerted
  • Social Capital is the network people leverage
  • Knowledge, providing data to brands

Consumer Roles/Visions

  • Consumers act as problem solvers seeking solutions to everyday needs
  • Consumers function as economic entities managing finances
  • Consumers operate as computers processing product information like package labels
  • Consumers are shoppers, sometimes enjoying the experience regardless of purchase
  • Consumers are Revelers seeking enjoyment

Four Social Sciences that Feed Consumer Behavior

  • Anthropology examines how people live and adapt based on their cultural and historical development
  • Sociology studies social systems, organizations, and how individuals relate within them
  • Economics examines resource allocation, production, distribution, and consumption of goods
  • Psychology studies mental processes influencing behavior, including perception, attitude formation, and motivations

Understanding Consumer Behavior Is Important For

  • Marketers aiming to meet consumer needs by interpreting preferences and designing satisfactory products

  • Social Organizations seeking to promote public well-being rather than profits

  • Public Policy Makers protecting consumers from deceptive practices and irrational behaviors

  • Consumers themselves to understand drivers behind their consumption habits

  • The purpose of business and marketing is to create value

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Explore consumer behavior encompassing mental and physical activities before purchase. Learn how needs and wants, whether physiological or psychological, influence consumer decisions. Understand the broad scope of products and the role of consumers in the marketplace.

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