Understanding Computer Hardware & Software
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the function of processing in computing?

  • Transmitting results to another destination
  • Displaying results to the user
  • Saving data for future use
  • Performing operations on data (correct)

Which numbering system uses sixteen symbols?

  • Hexadecimal (correct)
  • Binary
  • Decimal
  • Octal

Which logic gate outputs 1 only if all inputs are 1?

  • AND Gate (correct)
  • XOR Gate
  • NOT Gate
  • OR Gate

What is the output of a NOT gate if the input is 0?

<p>1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which logic gate outputs 1 if at least one input is 1?

<p>OR Gate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the best description of a computer?

<p>An electronic device that manipulates data. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the CPU?

<p>Executing instructions and performing calculations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of memory is volatile and loses its data when the computer is turned off?

<p>RAM (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following falls under the category of system software?

<p>Operating systems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of an operating system (OS)?

<p>To manage computer hardware and software resources. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component performs arithmetic and logical operations in the CPU?

<p>ALU (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of storage device uses flash memory and has no moving parts.

<p>SSD (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an output device?

<p>Printer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a web browser primarily used for?

<p>Accessing and navigating the internet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which architecture uses a single address space for both instructions and data?

<p>Von Neumann Architecture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the base of the binary number system?

<p>2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many bits are in a byte?

<p>8 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a character encoding standard?

<p>ASCII (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does LAN stand for?

<p>Local Area Network (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is the foundation of the internet?

<p>TCP/IP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of software is designed to harm computer systems?

<p>Malware (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a firewall?

<p>To monitor and control network traffic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of converting data into a coded form to prevent unauthorized access?

<p>Encryption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a high-level programming language?

<p>Python (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of language is translated into machine code before execution?

<p>Compiled Language (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a relational database?

<p>A database that organizes data into tables (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does SaaS stand for in cloud computing?

<p>Software as a Service (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a subset of Artificial Intelligence?

<p>Machine Learning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is a computer?

An electronic device that manipulates information or data.

What is Hardware?

Physical components of a computer. E.g., CPU, memory, storage.

What is Software?

Instructions that tell the computer what to do.

What is System Software?

Manages hardware and provides a platform for applications.

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What is Application Software?

Designed for specific user tasks (e.g., Word, browsers).

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What is the CPU?

The 'brain' that executes instructions.

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What is RAM?

Volatile memory that stores data while the computer is running.

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What is ROM?

Non-volatile memory that stores permanent instructions like the BIOS.

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Processing (in computing)

Performing operations on data (calculations, comparisons, transformations).

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Decimal (Base-10)

Uses ten digits (0-9).

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Binary (Base-2)

Uses two digits (0 and 1).

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AND Gate

Outputs 1 only if all inputs are 1.

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NOT Gate

Inverts the input (1 becomes 0, 0 becomes 1).

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Web Browser

Software used to access and navigate the internet.

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Von Neumann Architecture

A computer architecture using single address space for instructions and data.

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Bit

The smallest unit of data in a computer, representing 0 or 1.

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Byte

A group of 8 bits.

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Binary

Base-2 number system using 0 and 1.

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ASCII

A character encoding standard representing text in computers.

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LAN (Local Area Network)

Connects computers in a limited area.

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WAN (Wide Area Network)

Connects computers over a large geographical area.

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Malware

Malicious software designed to harm computer systems.

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Viruses

Self-replicating programs that infect files.

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Firewalls

Security systems monitoring network traffic.

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Encryption

Converting data into a coded form.

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High-Level Languages

Languages easier for humans to read/write.

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Database

An organized collection of data stored electronically.

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Cloud Computing

Delivering computing services over the Internet.

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Study Notes

The provided text contains the same information as the existing notes, so no updates are needed.

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Description

Learn about the fundamental components of a computer, including hardware, software, and firmware. Explore the functions of the CPU, system software, and application software. Understand how these elements work together.

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