Understanding Cardiac Output
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Questions and Answers

What is the formula for calculating cardiac output?

  • CO = HR + SV
  • CO = HR - SV
  • CO = HR ÷ SV
  • CO = HR × SV (correct)
  • How is heart rate typically measured?

  • Liters per minute (L/min)
  • Beats per minute (bpm) (correct)
  • Milliliters per beat (ml/beat)
  • Beats per second (bps)
  • What is the influence of an increase in heart rate on cardiac output, assuming stroke volume remains constant?

  • An increase in heart rate leads to a variable effect on cardiac output
  • An increase in heart rate leads to a decrease in cardiac output
  • An increase in heart rate leads to an increase in cardiac output (correct)
  • An increase in heart rate has no effect on cardiac output
  • How is stroke volume usually expressed?

    <p>Milliliters per beat (ml/beat)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the influence of an increase in stroke volume on cardiac output, assuming heart rate remains constant?

    <p>An increase in stroke volume results in an increase in cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is cardiac output expressed?

    <p>In liters per minute (L/min)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cardiac Output Formula

    • The formula for calculating cardiac output is: Cardiac Output (CO) = Heart Rate (HR) x Stroke Volume (SV)

    Measuring Heart Rate

    • Heart rate is typically measured in beats per minute (bpm)

    Effects of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output

    • An increase in heart rate, assuming stroke volume remains constant, increases cardiac output
    • This is because the heart pumps more times per minute, leading to increased blood flow

    Expressing Stroke Volume

    • Stroke volume is usually expressed in milliliters (mL) per beat

    Effects of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output

    • An increase in stroke volume, assuming heart rate remains constant, increases cardiac output
    • This is because the heart pumps more blood per beat, leading to increased blood flow

    Expressing Cardiac Output

    • Cardiac output is typically expressed in liters per minute (L/min)

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    Description

    Learn about cardiac output and its components, including the calculation and factors influencing it. Explore the relationship between heart rate and stroke volume in determining cardiac output.

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