BCH
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Questions and Answers

What are carbohydrates

They are carbon molecules rich in hydroxyl groups

What is the empirical formula of carbohydrates

(CH20)n

Carbohydrates were recognized as?

Important fuels and structural components

Carbohydrates are central to ?

<p>Cell survival and cell to cell communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

Carbohydrates are the basis of what?

<p>Human blood group</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does carbohydrates help to define in cells

<p>It helps define the beauty, functionality, and uniqueness of a cells by supplying details and enhancement to the biochemical structure of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

Carbohydrates are crucial for the development and functioning of all organisms as what?

<p>As fuels and information rich molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

Monosaccharides are also known as

<p>Simple sugars, aldehydes and ketones</p> Signup and view all the answers

Monosaccharides serve as what?

<p>Fuel molecules and fundamental living constituents e.g DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

Monosaccharides has how many hydroxyl groups

<p>2 or , more</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the classication of monosaccharides based on functional groups

<p>Aldoses and ketones</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classication of monosaccharides based on number of carbon

<p>Trose, tetrose,pentose, hexose,heptose</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the most common hexose

<p>Glucose and fructose</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the sweetest chemical known and where is it found

<p>It is beta D-fructopyranose and it is found in Honey</p> Signup and view all the answers

When beta D fructopyranose is heated what does it form?

<p>Beta D fructofuranose an it less sweeter</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the sweetness of fructose and sucrose

<p>Fructose (1.73) is 73% than sucrose (1.0)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the properties of carbohydrates

<ul> <li>most monosaccharides are sweet -they are solid in room temperature -they are extremely soluble in water</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

Carbohydrates are extremely soluble in water despite their high molecular weight why?

<p>Because of the presence of large OH groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

Glucose reacts with fehling solution

<p>Glucuronic acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

Glucose reacts haemoglobin to form what

<p>Glycosylated hemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are disaccharides formed

<p>They are formed from glycosidic linkages of monosaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are polysaccharides formed

<p>They are formed by the linkages of multiple monosaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 2 forms of starch in plant

<p>Amylose and amylopectin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is amylose

<p>It is an unbranched starch that consists of glucose residue in alpha 1-4 linkages</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is amylopectin

<p>It is the branched starch that has 1 alpha 1-6 linkages per 30 alpha 1-4 linkages</p> Signup and view all the answers

Polysaccharides play vital roles in ?

<p>Energy storage and maintaining structural integrity of an organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nutritional reservoir in plants

<p>Homopolymer starch</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most abundant organic compound on earth and where is it found

<p>Cellulose, plant cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another names for pectin

<p>Poly galacturonic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does soluble fiber aid digestion

<p>They slow down the movement of food in the GI tract , allowing improved digestion and absorbtion of nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does soluble fiber do

<p>It increases the rate of movement of the digestion of product in the large intestine and thus minimizes toxin exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does insulin consist of

<p>Small number of beta D-fructose joined by beta 2-1 glycosidic linkages</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is inulin used for

<p>It is used to measure glomerular filtration rate, a test to access the function of the kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

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