Understanding Cancer

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Questions and Answers

Which statement accurately differentiates between acute and chronic conditions?

Acute illnesses typically resolve within a short period, whereas chronic conditions persist for months to years. (correct)
Acute illnesses always require ongoing treatment, but chronic conditions do not.
Acute illnesses develop gradually over time, while chronic conditions arise suddenly.
Chronic conditions are primarily caused by infectious agents, while acute illnesses stem from genetic factors.

A patient presents with a constellation of symptoms. Which of the following groups of symptoms is most indicative of a potential brain tumor?

Intermittent chest pain, shortness of breath, and palpitations.
Persistent morning headaches that subside after vomiting, vision and speech problems, and loss of appetite. (correct)
Sudden weight gain, increased appetite, and elevated mood.
Frequent urination, lower back pain, and blood in urine.

Which of the following statements best describes the fundamental difference between a benign and a malignant tumor?

Benign tumors consist of cancerous cells, while malignant tumors are composed of normal, healthy cells.
Benign tumors always require aggressive treatment, but malignant tumors can often be managed without intervention.
Benign tumors grow rapidly, whereas malignant tumors grow very slowly over time.
Benign tumors remain localized and do not invade surrounding tissues, while malignant tumors can spread to other parts of the body. (correct)

Which of the following is a crucial consideration for healthcare providers when promoting safety and comfort for patients undergoing cancer treatment?

Adhering to radiation exposure monitoring protocols, using personal protective equipment, and communicating with patients from a distance when appropriate. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A patient undergoing treatment for colon cancer reports experiencing significant weight loss, a change in bowel habits, and blood in their stool. Which action should the healthcare provider prioritize?

Immediately assess the patient for potential complications, such as anemia or dehydration, and consult with the oncology team for further evaluation and management. (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of bladder cancer, which of the following symptom clusters should prompt immediate investigation?

Blood in the urine, frequent and painful urination, lower back pain, and urinary urgency. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions demonstrates a healthcare provider's commitment to addressing the psychological and social needs of cancer patients?

Actively referring patients to support groups, counseling services, and resources for financial assistance. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does radiation therapy work to combat cancer?

By using high-energy rays to damage the DNA of cancer cells, preventing their growth and division (A) Signup and view all the answers

What primarily distinguishes cancer from a tumor?

Cancer is a disease characterized by abnormal cell growth, while a tumor is a solid mass of tissue. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Considering the risk factors for cancer, which of the following lifestyle choices has the broadest impact on reducing cancer risk?

Maintaining a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and avoiding tobacco use. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most critical reason for monitoring radiation exposure in healthcare settings when caring for cancer patients?

To protect healthcare workers from the cumulative effects of radiation exposure, reducing their long-term health risks. (C) Signup and view all the answers

For a patient diagnosed with lung cancer, which symptom requires immediate medical attention?

Blood in sputum when coughing. (C) Signup and view all the answers

In providing nursing care, what action is most important to prevent skin breakdown for a cancer patient undergoing treatment?

Encouraging frequent position changes, proper hydration, and gentle skin care to maintain skin integrity. (C) Signup and view all the answers

A patient with cancer is experiencing constipation due to pain relief drugs. What is the best initial intervention?

Suggesting a diet high in fiber, increased fluid intake, and gentle exercise, unless contraindicated. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best reflects how age impacts cancer risk?

Cancer can occur at any age, but the risk generally increases with age due to accumulated genetic mutations. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What strategy minimizes radiation exposure when performing necessary tasks with a cancer patient undergoing radiation therapy?

Completing tasks efficiently, maintaining a safe distance when possible, and utilizing shielding. (C) Signup and view all the answers

A patient undergoing chemotherapy develops diarrhea. What dietary recommendation is most appropriate?

Bland, low-residue foods to reduce bowel irritation. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which personal protective equipment (PPE) is essential when entering the room of a patient receiving radiation therapy?

Specialized lead apron, gloves, and shoe coverings, depending on the type of radiation and institutional protocols. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which sign or symptom is most indicative of thyroid cancer?

A lump in the neck, changes in voice, and difficulty breathing or swallowing. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Beyond diagnosed cancer, what other chronic conditions are listed?

Arthritis, osteoporosis, angina, chronic heart failure, hypertension, influenza, pneumonia, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and asthma (D) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What are acute illnesses?

Illnesses that develop suddenly and last a short time.

What are chronic conditions?

Conditions that develop over time and can worsen, often requiring ongoing treatment.