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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a component of the limbic system involved in anxiety?
Which of the following is a component of the limbic system involved in anxiety?
What is the term for a stimulus that can produce a response before conditioning begins?
What is the term for a stimulus that can produce a response before conditioning begins?
Which of the following is an example of an unconditioned response (UR)?
Which of the following is an example of an unconditioned response (UR)?
What is the term for a neutral stimulus that, when paired with an unconditioned stimulus (US), produces a new response?
What is the term for a neutral stimulus that, when paired with an unconditioned stimulus (US), produces a new response?
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What is the term for a response produced by a conditioned stimulus (CS)?
What is the term for a response produced by a conditioned stimulus (CS)?
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What is interoceptive conditioning?
What is interoceptive conditioning?
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What can induce a panic attack in patients with panic disorder?
What can induce a panic attack in patients with panic disorder?
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What is anxiety sensitivity?
What is anxiety sensitivity?
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What is a potential cognitive contribution to panic disorder?
What is a potential cognitive contribution to panic disorder?
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What is a potential cause of panic disorder?
What is a potential cause of panic disorder?
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What is the onset age for blood injection injury phobia?
What is the onset age for blood injection injury phobia?
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What is the main difference between situational phobias and animal phobias?
What is the main difference between situational phobias and animal phobias?
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What is the purpose of systematic desensitization in the treatment of phobias?
What is the purpose of systematic desensitization in the treatment of phobias?
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What are the cognitive and attentional biases associated with generalized anxiety disorder?
What are the cognitive and attentional biases associated with generalized anxiety disorder?
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What is the primary treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?
What is the primary treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?
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What is the main symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
What is the main symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
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What is the prevalence of PTSD in women compared to men?
What is the prevalence of PTSD in women compared to men?
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What is a possible cause of generalized biological vulnerability for anxiety disorders?
What is a possible cause of generalized biological vulnerability for anxiety disorders?
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What is the main treatment approach for PTSD?
What is the main treatment approach for PTSD?
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Study Notes
Limbic System and Anxiety
- The amygdala is a key component of the limbic system involved in processing anxiety.
Conditioning Concepts
- Unconditioned Stimulus (US): A stimulus that naturally elicits a response without prior conditioning.
- Unconditioned Response (UR): A reflexive reaction that occurs automatically in response to an unconditioned stimulus.
- Conditioned Stimulus (CS): A previously neutral stimulus that, after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus, evokes a new response.
Interoceptive Conditioning
- Interoceptive conditioning refers to the process where internal bodily sensations become associated with panic through conditioning.
Panic Attacks and Disorders
- Panic attacks can be triggered by a variety of stressors, such as environmental factors, traumatic events, or specific thoughts.
Anxiety Sensitivity
- Anxiety sensitivity is the fear of anxiety-related sensations and can contribute to panic disorders.
Cognitive Contributions to Panic Disorder
- Catastrophic misinterpretation of bodily sensations can lead to increased anxiety and panic.
Causes of Panic Disorder
- Genetic factors, environmental stressors, and previous trauma may increase the likelihood of developing panic disorder.
Phobias
- Blood-injury-injection phobia typically has an onset age during childhood or adolescence.
- Situational phobias are triggered by specific situations (e.g., flying), whereas animal phobias are triggered by animals or insects.
Treatment Approaches for Phobias
- Systematic desensitization helps individuals gradually face their fears in a controlled manner to reduce phobia-related anxiety.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
- Cognitive biases associated with GAD often include overestimating danger and an increased focus on potential threats.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
- The primary treatment for OCD is a combination of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and medication, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
- The main symptom of PTSD is intrusive memories related to the traumatic event.
- Women are more likely to develop PTSD compared to men, with prevalence rates being approximately twice as high.
Biological Vulnerability and Treatment for Anxiety Disorders
- A potential generalized biological vulnerability for anxiety disorders can include inherited traits related to temperament.
- The main treatment approach for PTSD often involves trauma-focused psychotherapy, such as cognitive processing therapy or exposure therapy.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the biological factors contributing to anxiety and the process of classical conditioning with this informative quiz. Explore topics such as genetic tendencies, brain circuits, and reactivity to stressful events.
