Understanding Big Bang Theory

Overview of the Big Bang Theory

• Cosmological model explaining the origin of the universe.
• The universe began expanding approximately 13.8 billion years ago.
• Not a literal explosion, but an expansion of space itself.

Bread-Raisin Model

• Analogy comparing the universe to bread, with galaxies as the raisins.
• In an uncooked state, the bread (universe) is 30 cm wide with 8 dots (galaxies); when rising, it expands to 60 cm with 10 dots.
• Galaxies themselves are not expanding, but the space between them increases.

Distance Relations and Expansion

• In an expanding universe, the distances between galaxies continually increase.
• As the universe expands, matter becomes more diluted.

Singularity

• The universe originated as a "singularity," a point of high temperature and density, possibly at the core of a black hole.
• Intense heat during this phase led to the formation of matter and antimatter particles, which were annihilated on contact.

Nucleosynthesis

• Refers to the formation of light elements like hydrogen (H) and helium (He).
• These elements are fundamental for the formation of stars and galaxies.
• Stars are essential for creating other cosmic bodies, including planets, comets, and asteroids.

Evidence Supporting the Big Bang Theory

• Observable expansion of the universe.
• Cosmic microwave background radiation detected throughout space.
• High abundance of light elements, especially hydrogen and helium.
• Distant galaxies exhibit redshifts, indicating they are moving away.
• Well-documented formation of stars and galaxies over time.