DC Chapter 9
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Questions and Answers

What role do IP addresses play in the Internet?

  • They indicate the specific type of data being transmitted.
  • They determine the path a datagram takes through the network.
  • They identify the physical devices used in networking.
  • They define the exact points where source and destination hosts are connected. (correct)

    • What happens if the destination IP address in a datagram changes?

  • The datagram may still be rerouted correctly.
  • The packet never reaches its destination. (correct)
  • The packet will reach the destination without issues.
  • The source will receive an error message.

    • What is the purpose of link-layer addresses in a connectionless internetwork?

  • To facilitate communication at the data-link layer. (correct)
  • To identify the source and destination IP addresses.
  • To encapsulate data from the application layer.
  • To define the exact routing path for datagrams.

    • How are link-layer addresses also known?

    <p>MAC addresses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to link-layer addresses when a frame moves from one link to another?

    <p>They are changed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary efficiency gain when system A uses ARP to send datagrams to system B?

    <p>Reduces the number of broadcast frames to be processed by other systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many broadcast frames does system A need to send to communicate with system B without using ARP if it has 10 datagrams?

    <p>180</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs after system B responds to system A's ARP request?

    <p>System A caches the link-layer address of system B.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which field in an ARP packet indicates the link-layer protocol type?

    <p>Hardware type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When using ARP, how many broadcast frames need to be processed by other systems compared to not using ARP?

    <p>18</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the ARP packet format, what do the source and destination addresses define?

    <p>The link-layer and network-layer addresses of sender and receiver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the major drawbacks of processing broadcast frames in a network?

    <p>It is inefficient, leading to increased network congestion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes an ARP packet's encapsulation?

    <p>Incorporated into a data-link frame with a specific payload indicator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the data-link layer at the source host?

    <p>Encapsulate the datagram received from the network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action does the data-link layer of intermediate nodes perform?

    <p>Both encapsulate and decapsulate the datagram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is encapsulation and decapsulation necessary at each intermediate node?

    <p>Because links may use different protocols and frame formats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the process of delivering a datagram in the Internet be compared to a traveler using different modes of transportation?

    <p>The traveler must switch transportation modes at different stages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which point does decapsulation occur for the destination host?

    <p>At the destination node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does encapsulation involve at the data-link layer?

    <p>Wrapping the datagram in additional protocol information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about link-layer addresses in the context of encapsulation?

    <p>They are typically different for each link in a transmission path.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the data-link layer play in relation to the network layer?

    <p>It formats and prepares frames from datagrams for delivery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the ARP request in the communication process described?

    <p>To translate IP addresses into MAC addresses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the ARP packet structure, what does the 'Operation' field indicate?

    <p>The action being requested (request or reply).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which address remains empty in the ARP request packet?

    <p>Destination hardware address.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of frame is used to send the ARP request from the source to the destination?

    <p>Multicast frame.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the ARP request is sent by host with IP address N1, which address will it use as the source protocol address?

    <p>The IP address N1.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the hardware type of 0x0001 in the ARP packet indicate?

    <p>Ethernet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the protocol type of 0x0800 signify in the ARP packet?

    <p>Internet Protocol version 4.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which components of the ARP request are specific to the source host?

    <p>Source hardware address and source protocol address.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the data-link layer do upon receiving a frame at Router R1?

    <p>Decapsulates the datagram and passes it to the network layer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does Router R1 play in the flow of packets?

    <p>It decapsulates incoming frames and directs them to the appropriate layer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information does the forwarding table at Router R1 contain?

    <p>Network-layer addresses mapping to link-layer addresses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following layers is responsible for sending signals from Alice to Router R1?

    <p>Physical layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the frame once it reaches the physical layer at Router R1?

    <p>It is passed to the data-link layer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which addresses are primarily used for communication at the network layer?

    <p>Network-layer addresses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of information does the ARP process utilize in Router R1?

    <p>Maps network-layer addresses into data link-layer addresses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer encapsulates the datagram into a frame for transmission to Router R1?

    <p>Data-link layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the data-link layer?

    <p>Creating and delivering frames to other nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protocol is used to map an IP address to its corresponding link-layer address?

    <p>Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the terms 'nodes' and 'links' refer to in the context of the Internet?

    <p>Hosts and networks respectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the data-link layer handle the flow of packets?

    <p>By coordinating two data-link layers at the ends of a link</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of addressing is used to define the addresses of nodes that a packet should pass through?

    <p>Link-layer addressing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following activities is NOT part of the responsibilities of the data-link layer?

    <p>Routing between networks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can two hosts in different networks share the same link-layer address?

    <p>Yes, as link-layer addresses apply only to their local segment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is the size of the ARP packet fixed?

    <p>No, they are defined by the link-layer protocol in use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • The TCP/IP protocol suite does not define protocols for the data-link or physical layers
    • These layers are part of the networks that make up the internet (wired/wireless)
    • Data-link layer protocols are standard protocols used in today's networks
    • The chapter gives a general overview of the data-link layer and common issues
    • Data-link layer relates to all types of networks
    • First section introduces the data-link layer, defining links and nodes
    • It lists and describes the services provided by this layer (point-to-point and broadcast)
    • Defines two sub-layers in the data-link layer, to be expanded on in later chapters
    • Explains the rationale behind the data-link layer addressing
    • Describes three types of link-layer addresses found in some protocols
    • Includes the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), which connects network-layer addresses to data-link layer addresses
    • The data-link layer sits between the physical and network layers
    • Provides services to the network layer, and receives services from the physical layer
    • The data-link layer's responsibility is node-to-node packet delivery
    • Encapsulates network layer datagrams into frames, and decapsulates them
    • The source host encapsulates the datagram
    • Intermediate nodes encapsulate and decapsulate the datagram
    • The destination host decapsulates the datagram

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    Related Documents

    DC Chapter 9: Introduction to Data-Link Layer PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the role of IP addresses and the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) in computer networking. It covers topics such as link-layer addresses, ARP packet structure, and the efficiency of IP communications. Test your knowledge on the functioning and implications of these critical network components.

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