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Questions and Answers
What is one premise supporting the argument for students receiving first-aid training?
What is one premise supporting the argument for students receiving first-aid training?
- First-aid skills can save lives during emergencies. (correct)
- Many students are not interested in first-aid.
- First-aid training is expensive and time-consuming.
- It is a requirement for high school graduation.
Which of the following statements correctly summarizes the conclusion of the argument regarding hobbies?
Which of the following statements correctly summarizes the conclusion of the argument regarding hobbies?
- Hobbies can lead to increased stress levels.
- Hobbies should only be pursued in moderation.
- Everybody should have some sort of hobby. (correct)
- Not everyone finds joy in having a hobby.
In the argument about Lulu supermarket, which detail is NOT a supported premise?
In the argument about Lulu supermarket, which detail is NOT a supported premise?
- Lulu has the lowest prices in town.
- Lulu offers the widest selection of fresh produce.
- Many people find Lulu difficult to access. (correct)
- Lulu is the closest supermarket to Ali's home.
What indicator word is used to suggest a consequence in the argument about USA visa requirements?
What indicator word is used to suggest a consequence in the argument about USA visa requirements?
How are the premises in the argument for first-aid training described?
How are the premises in the argument for first-aid training described?
What is the role of premises in an argument?
What is the role of premises in an argument?
Which of the following is NOT considered a claim in an argument?
Which of the following is NOT considered a claim in an argument?
In an argument, what distinguishes the conclusion from the premises?
In an argument, what distinguishes the conclusion from the premises?
Which type of sentence is generally not used as a claim in an argument?
Which type of sentence is generally not used as a claim in an argument?
How can critical thinking skills be developed further?
How can critical thinking skills be developed further?
Which of the following statements is an example of a premise?
Which of the following statements is an example of a premise?
What elements typically comprise an argument?
What elements typically comprise an argument?
Which statement accurately describes an argument's structure?
Which statement accurately describes an argument's structure?
What does Ted's company's success illustrate about expert advice?
What does Ted's company's success illustrate about expert advice?
What is the primary goal of critical thinking as described?
What is the primary goal of critical thinking as described?
Why is it important to understand different argument structures?
Why is it important to understand different argument structures?
What type of argument is specifically mentioned that incorporates multiple structures?
What type of argument is specifically mentioned that incorporates multiple structures?
In the example argument about university students studying critical thinking, what is presented as a necessity?
In the example argument about university students studying critical thinking, what is presented as a necessity?
Which of the following best describes a chain of reasoning?
Which of the following best describes a chain of reasoning?
What should one demonstrate to qualify an argument as 'bad'?
What should one demonstrate to qualify an argument as 'bad'?
What role does critical thinking play in personal development according to the argument?
What role does critical thinking play in personal development according to the argument?
What best describes an argument?
What best describes an argument?
What term is used for the reasons that support a conclusion in an argument?
What term is used for the reasons that support a conclusion in an argument?
How can a claim be best defined?
How can a claim be best defined?
Which of the following is true about premises in an argument?
Which of the following is true about premises in an argument?
What distinguishes a claim from other types of statements?
What distinguishes a claim from other types of statements?
What is meant by 'argument indicators'?
What is meant by 'argument indicators'?
Why do we present arguments?
Why do we present arguments?
Which element is not typically part of an argument's structure?
Which element is not typically part of an argument's structure?
What role do argument indicators play in an argument?
What role do argument indicators play in an argument?
Which of these expressions is commonly used as a conclusion indicator?
Which of these expressions is commonly used as a conclusion indicator?
What are arguments typically divided into?
What are arguments typically divided into?
In the provided argument example, which word serves as an argument indicator?
In the provided argument example, which word serves as an argument indicator?
What are premise indicators used for in an argument?
What are premise indicators used for in an argument?
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Study Notes
Arguments
- Arguments are a set of claims where one is a conclusion, and the rest are premises or reasons that support the conclusion.
- Claims are declarative sentences that state something about the world that is either true or false.
- Premises and conclusions are different types of claims that play different roles in an argument.
Argument Indicators
- Argument indicators are words or phrases that signal the presence of an argument and help identify its components, like premises and conclusions.
- Conclusion indicators signal that a statement is the conclusion of an argument. Examples include: so, therefore, thus, hence, then, obviously.
- Premise indicators signal that a statement is a premise or reason supporting an argument. These include: because, since, for, as, given that, due to the fact that.
Types of Argument Structures
- Simplest Case: One premise directly supports the conclusion.
- Side-by-Side: Multiple independent premises, each offering support for the conclusion.
- Joint Premises: Multiple premises that work together to support the conclusion.
- Chain of Reasoning: A conclusion from one argument is used as a premise in another argument.
Evaluating Argument Structures
- Recognizing the structure of an argument is important for evaluating it. Different structures require different evaluation approaches.
- For example, refuting a side-by-side argument requires showing at least one of the premises is faulty, while refuting a joint premise argument requires showing that the premises, taken together, do not successfully establish the conclusion.
- It is also common to find arguments that combine multiple structures.
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