40 Questions
How many bits are there in an IPv4 address?
32 bits
What is the example given for an IPv4 address in the text?
192.168.1.1
What is the maximum value that can be represented by an 8-bit segment in an IPv4 address?
255
What is the newer version of IP known as, mentioned in the text?
IPv6
What is the range of APIPA addresses mentioned in the text?
169.254.1.0 - 169.254.254.255
What can be inferred if a system has an IP address of 169.254.x.x?
A DHCP server was not available when the system started up
How are APIPA addresses assigned?
Automatically by the local device itself
What does an APIPA address signify in terms of network communication?
The device is restricted to communicating only with devices on the local network
How long is an IPv6 address in bits?
128
In IPv6, how many groups are the addresses separated into?
Eight
What is the purpose of DNS on a network?
Translate domain names to IP addresses
What does a subnet mask do?
Determine network address and host address
How many bits are typically assigned for the network address in an IPv6 with a 64-bit subnet mask?
64
What role does a default gateway serve in network communication?
Allow communication outside the local subnet
Why is using hexadecimal format preferred for displaying IPv6 addresses?
It is shorter and easier to remember
What happens if a device does not have both an IP address and a subnet mask assigned?
The device cannot communicate outside its local subnet
'255.255.255.0' is an example of what type of configuration parameter?
'Subnet mask'
'FE80:5D18:652:CFFD:8F52' would be an example of what type of addressing?
'IPv6'
What is the function of a DNS server?
Translate domain names into IP addresses
What does a 64-bit subnet mask mean for an IPv6 address?
First 64 bits represent the network address
During which phase of the IP address assignment process does the client workstation send a formal request to accept the DHCP server's offer?
Request phase
What protocol is typically used when DHCP servers send offers back to the client workstation?
UDP 68
What does DORA stand for in the context of IP address assignment with DHCP servers?
Dynamic Offer Request Acknowledgment
What is a pool of IP addresses referred to in the text?
A range of IP addresses configured inside a DHCP server to hand out to clients
What is one drawback of manually setting IP addresses on devices instead of using DHCP reservations?
Administrative burden on changes
What does an APIPA address indicate about a device's network environment?
There is no longer a DHCP server available on the local network
In what phase of the IP address assignment process does the client workstation make a decision on which offer to accept?
Offer phase
What is the role of UDP port 67 in the communication between a client workstation and a DHCP server?
To send requests from the client to the server
What is reserved on a DHCP server to ensure that specific devices always receive the same IP address?
MAC addresses
Why might it be impractical to manually configure IP addresses for devices in a large environment?
Administrative burden on changes and configurations
What information is contained in the broadcast sent by the client workstation during the request phase?
Formal request to accept the DHCP server's original offer
What sets APIPA addresses apart from other types of IP addressing?
They are automatically assigned when no DHCP server is available
What is the purpose of assigning two separate DNS IP addresses to your configuration?
To increase redundancy in case one DNS is not available.
What year was the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) introduced?
1997
Why was DHCP created as an improvement over BOOTP?
To provide automatic IP address configuration without manual intervention.
Which step of the DHCP process involves the client workstation trying to locate a DHCP server on the local network?
Discover
What does the 'Offer' step in the DHCP process entail?
The DHCP server provides an IP address to the client workstation.
Why does the broadcast from the client workstation pass through the router in the DHCP process if routers usually block broadcasts?
The router is configured as a DHCP proxy or relay.
What role does a subnet mask play in IP configuration settings?
Determines the network portion of an IP address.
Which protocol was an earlier version of DHCP and required some manual configuration?
BOOTP
Study Notes
- IPv4 is the primary internet protocol used for communication between devices, while IPv6 is a newer version with a larger address space.
- Both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses are supported by major operating systems.
- IPv4 addresses consist of four blocks of 8-bit segments or one byte or one octet, totaling 32 bits or 4 bytes.
- IPv6 addresses have 128 bits, allowing for a large number of addresses for the global population.
- IPv6 addresses consist of eight groups of 16 bits, each being two bytes or two octets.
- Instead of decimal or binary representation, IPv6 addresses are usually displayed in hexadecimal format.
- IPv4 addresses use a subnet mask to determine the network and host addresses, while IPv6 addresses have a 64-bit subnet mask.
- IP addresses, subnet masks, and default gateways are configuration parameters for assigning an IP address to a device.
- DNS servers are used to translate domain names to IP addresses for easier internet navigation.
- In 1993, the Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) was created to automatically assign IP addresses to devices, later replaced by the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) in 1997.
- DHCP automatically assigns IP addresses, subnet masks, and other configuration settings to devices.
- The DHCP process includes the discover, offer, request, and acknowledge (D-O-R-A) steps for assigning IP configuration settings to a device.
- DHCP servers are located on a local network and can be configured as a DHCP proxy or relay to allow broadcasts to pass through a router.
- When a device requests an IP address, DHCP servers send offers which the device examines and requests the desired offer from.
- DHCP servers acknowledge the request and assign the requested IP configuration settings to the device.
- A simple network includes a client workstation, a switch, a local DHCP server, a router, and another DHCP server on a separate subnet for redundancy.
- The router acts as a DHCP proxy by forwarding DHCP broadcasts to the DHCP server on the local network.
Learn about Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) and how it works within the range of 169.254.0.0 through 169.254.255.255. Discover why devices with APIPA addresses can only communicate with other devices on the local network when a DHCP server is not available.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
