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UN Decade for Women: 1975-1995 Overview
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UN Decade for Women: 1975-1995 Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary concern of the WAD perspective in relation to women and development?

  • Understanding the roles and responsibilities of men in development
  • Integration of women into existing economic structures
  • Advocating for women’s distinct roles and contributions to development (correct)
  • Promoting equal pay without addressing resource distribution

    • Which criticism is leveled against the WAD model regarding its approach to class and race?

  • It treats all women as a homogeneous group. (correct)
  • It overemphasizes the impact of patriarchy on development.
  • It prioritizes economic growth over social justice.
  • It advocates for gender equality without addressing class disparities.

    • What aspect of gender relations does the WAD perspective tend to neglect?

  • The collaborative efforts of men and women in development
  • The role of reproductive responsibilities in women’s lives (correct)
  • The relationship between women and development
  • The socio-economic status of women in the North

    • Which key development did the GAD approach make in the 1980s?

    <p>It recognized men and women as partners in development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major limitation is associated with WAD's approach to development interventions?

    <p>It focuses solely on economic inputs without social implications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant element that GAD recognizes about women?

    <p>Women have diverse interests shaped by various factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the WAD model mainly advocate for in relation to resources?

    <p>Increasing women's share in resources and income</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way is WAD's understanding of gender power relations criticized?

    <p>It oversimplifies the impact of patriarchy on development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What period did the UN General Assembly proclaim as the United Nations Decade for Women?

    <p>1976–85</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key issue addressed by CEDAW?

    <p>Legal protection of women's rights on an equal basis with men</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant event happened in December 1979 related to women's rights?

    <p>Adoption of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which conference followed the establishment of the UN Decade for Women?

    <p>2nd International World Conference on Women, Copenhagen, 1980</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Nairobi Forward-Looking Strategies emphasize for women's advancement?

    <p>Importance of sexual equality and women's autonomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major theme was presented at the 4th World Conference on Women in Beijing in 1995?

    <p>Action for Equality, Development, and Peace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was established in Ghana as part of the response to the UN Decade for Women?

    <p>National Council on Women and Development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT included in the key issues of CEDAW?

    <p>Recognition of unpaid work of women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the 12 Critical Areas of Women identified in the Beijing Platform of Action?

    <p>The effects of natural disasters on women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary theme of the African Women's Decade (2010-2020)?

    <p>Grassroots Approach to Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Millennium Development Goal specifically focuses on gender equality?

    <p>Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Beijing + 5 Conference was held to review progress made since which event?

    <p>The Fourth World Conference on Women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area is specifically mentioned as suffering unequal access within the 12 Critical Areas of Women?

    <p>Healthcare services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of societal structure is addressed in the critical areas regarding women?

    <p>Inequal sharing of power and decision-making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenge does the Beijing Platform of Action highlight regarding women during conflicts?

    <p>Unique effects of armed conflict on women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What persistent issue is highlighted in the critical areas of concern for women?

    <p>Persistent discrimination against girls and rights violations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary focus of the UN Decade for Women during 1976-1985?

    <p>Integrating women into national development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiative did Ghana implement in response to the UN Decade for Women?

    <p>National Council on Women and Development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach highlights the economic disparities between men and women while focusing on small-scale projects for women's income?

    <p>Women in Development (WID)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In her influential book, what key role of women did Ester Boserup emphasize?

    <p>Women as a productive potential in economic development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant outcome of the research collected during the UN Decade for Women?

    <p>Recognition of women's poverty and disadvantage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What criticism is associated with the Women in Development (WID) approach?

    <p>It considered women's issues as peripheral to development efforts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The establishment of national machineries during the UN Decade for Women primarily aimed to:

    <p>Ensure women's voices were included in national policies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which document calls for the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women?

    <p>Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary aspect distinguishes the GAD approach from previous women's development approaches?

    <p>It emphasizes the unequal social relations between men and women.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the GAD approach identify as a significant area of responsibility for the state?

    <p>To offer social services supporting women’s social reproduction role.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does GAD view women in the context of development?

    <p>As agents of change who need to mobilize politically.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of legal rights, what does the GLAD approach focus on?

    <p>Strengthening women's legal rights and reforming discriminatory laws.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the contributions of women recognized by the GAD approach?

    <p>Their reproductive and productive work inside and outside the household.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the GAD perspective, how do women's experiences of oppression differ?

    <p>Depending on race, class, culture, and economic position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was 1975 significant in the context of the GAD approach?

    <p>It was proclaimed the International Women's Year by the UN General Assembly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which existing development approach does GAD build upon or differ from?

    <p>Women in Development (WID) and Women and Development (WAD).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    UN Decade for Women

    • Proclaimed by the UN General Assembly from 1976-1985 as the Decade for Women: Equality, Development, and Peace.
    • Focused on integrating women into national development and addressing their roles in economic spheres.
    • Initiated the Women in Development (WID) approach, emphasizing the reduction of gender economic inequality.

    Women in Development (WID)

    • Emerged from research showing women's economic contributions were often overlooked.
    • Promoted small-scale projects aimed at reducing women's financial disparity.
    • Critiqued for treating women's issues as peripheral, leading to additional "add-on" concerns rather than central integration.

    Women and Development (WAD)

    • Advocated by women from the Global South who argued that WID failed to address larger issues like colonialism and power imbalances.
    • Recognized women's historical contributions to development while highlighting exploitation by global North interests.
    • Called for the acknowledgment of women’s roles and increased access to resources, employment, and income.
    • Criticized for neglecting class, racial, and ethnic differences and not adequately addressing transformative strategies for gender roles.

    Gender and Development (GAD)

    • Developed in the 1980s as a response to critiques of WID and WAD, recognizing men and women as partners in development.
    • Focused on transforming unequal relationships between genders and emphasized social relations over economic additions.
    • Highlighted the necessity for the state to provide social services that support women’s roles in childcare and elder care, promoting emancipation.
    • Advocated for women's agency in development rather than their portrayal as passive recipients.

    International Protocols on Gender and Development

    • 1975 marked as International Women’s Year; the First World Conference was held in Mexico City.
    • CEDAW adopted in December 1979, emphasizing the elimination of discrimination against women in laws and practices.
    • Key CEDAW issues included ensuring women's equal rights in voting, education, employment, and family relations.

    Global Conferences and Progress

    • Second World Conference held in Copenhagen (1980) and third in Nairobi (1985) set forth strategies for women's advancement by 2000.
    • The Beijing Conference (1995) highlighted 12 critical areas of concern, including economic inequalities, healthcare access, and violence against women.
    • Beijing +5 (2000) and Beijing +10 (2005) reviewed progress since the 1995 conference, addressing ongoing challenges.

    Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

    • At the UN Millennium Summit, three of the eight MDGs were dedicated to improving women's conditions globally.

    African Women’s Decade (AWD)

    • Proclaimed by the African Union (AU) from 2010-2020, aiming to implement gender equality and women's empowerment initiatives.
    • Themes focused on grassroots approaches to combat gender inequality, with an emphasis on strategic global and regional obligations.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the key initiatives and frameworks established during the UN Decade for Women, focusing on the adoption of CEDAW and the establishment of national machineries. It highlights the period from 1976 to 1985 and the subsequent anti-poverty approaches. Test your knowledge on the contributions to women's equality, development, and peace.

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