UML Class Diagrams and Associations

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of C4 diagrams in software architecture?

To represent the user interface elements

To provide a detailed code structure view for components (correct)

To outline the system performance metrics

To visualize the database structure only

When are UML class diagrams primarily used?

During the testing phase of software development

For documenting the operational procedures

To describe the static structure of object-oriented software (correct)

When designing the graphical user interface

In what situation should Agile teams create component diagrams?

To document software flaws

When there are simple object relationships

For every component regardless of complexity

Only when complex relations among classes exist (correct)

What relationship does a House have with a Room?

House consists of Rooms (A) Signup and view all the answers

What notation is typically used for modeling relational databases?

Entity-Relationship (ER) Diagrams (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it advisable to create separate classes in object-oriented programming?

To simplify the maintenance of the project (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of classes, what does 'is-a' relationship imply?

One class is a specialized version of another class (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential drawback of using a controller to manage inherited attributes?

It complicates the object-oriented structure (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the cardinality '1..*' signify in the relationship between House and Room?

A House can have one or more Rooms. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'Person' class in the example provide characteristics for?

A generic user model in a software application (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which attribute best describes what a Room must have?

purpose (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT typically modeled via a UML class diagram?

User interactions with the application (D) Signup and view all the answers

How is Aggregation described in the context of classes?

A class contains references to another class. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Composition in software architecture?

One class cannot exist without the other. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'multiplicity' refer to in class relationships?

The number of instances in a relationship between classes. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about Inheritance is correct?

A subclass inherits methods and attributes from its superclass. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of data abstraction in object-oriented programming?

To model classes based on essential characteristics while hiding unnecessary details (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes encapsulation?

The bundling of data and functions that operate on it within the same class (D) Signup and view all the answers

In UML class diagrams, which relationship describes the ability of one class to inherit attributes and methods from another?

Inheritance (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is illustrated by the example of 'Chris Hemsworth' in the data abstraction section?

An instance of the Actor class showcasing specific attributes (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of object-oriented code is NOT typically visualized using UML class diagrams?

User interface design (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using classes as templates in object-oriented programming?

They allow for the creation of multiple instances with shared properties (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which relationship describes how one class can be associated with another without implying ownership?

Association (D) Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does not apply to polymorphism in the context of object-oriented programming?

The simplification of complex systems through data abstraction (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following parties are involved in the GP Surgery System?

Patient (B), Doctor (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Front-End App in the Container Diagram?

Provide a user interface (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the system is responsible for handling authentication?

API Application (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of architecture does the GP Surgery System employ concerning its components?

Monolithic architecture (A) Signup and view all the answers

What technology stack is mentioned in the API App's implementation?

Python / Flask (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the context diagram, what service is utilized for handling card payments?

Stripe API (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which database technology is referenced in the Container Diagram?

MySQL (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the e-Wallet Management component?

Facilitate payments for top-ups (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated about the context diagram as more information is studied?

It is likely to evolve. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true concerning the consultation records functionality?

Both patients and doctors can create and view consultation records. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of multiplicity is represented by a relationship where a Patient has exactly one Doctor?

One-to-one (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the relationships described, which option best defines the directionality of the Doctor ↔ Patient relationship?

Bidirectional (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the notation '1..*' signify in the relationship between Course and Instructor?

One or more Instructors teach one Course (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the Instructor to Course relationship is true according to the multiplicity defined?

An Instructor can teach zero or more Courses. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How would you categorize the relationship between Instructor and Course as specified in the provided example?

Many-to-many relationship (B) Signup and view all the answers

In a one-to-many relationship, which statement is correct?

One entity on one side can relate to many entities on the other. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the notation '0..*' denote in an association relationship?

It indicates zero or more instances can exist. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why might the relationships and multiplicities change according to business requirements?

To adapt to new business processes or needs. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Multiplicity

One-to-One: One element in a class is associated with one element in another class.
One-to-Many: One element in a class is associated with many elements in another class.
Many-to-Many: Many elements in one class are associated with many elements in another class.
Zero-to-Many: An element in a class can be associated with zero or many elements in another class.

Directionality

Unidirectional: The association between two classes flows in one direction.
Bidirectional: The association between two classes flows in both directions.

Class Diagrams

UML Class Diagrams represent the static structure of object-oriented code.
UML Class Diagrams are used to visualise data abstraction, encapsulation, association relationships, inheritance, and polymorphism.

Data Abstraction

Data Abstraction simplifies complex systems by modelling classes based on essential characteristics, hiding unnecessary details.
Classes are templates for creating objects.
Objects are instances of a class.

Encapsulation

Encapsulation bundles data and functions (methods) within the same class.

C1 (Context) Diagram

C1 (Context) Diagram show system boundaries and external interactions.
C1 (Context) Diagram often evolve as understanding of the system deepens.

C2 (Container) Diagram

C2 (Container) Diagram shows individual container interactions.
Containers can be deployed separately.

C3 (Component) Diagram

C3 (Component) Diagram show internal components within a container.
Components are not separately deployable.

Example Briefing (partial) – GP Surgery System

GP Surgery System will handle electronic charges.
Stripe API will be used for external card payments.

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Description

This quiz covers key concepts of UML class diagrams, including various types of multiplicity and directionality in class associations. It will test your understanding of data abstraction, encapsulation, and the relationships between classes in object-oriented design.