Podcast
Questions and Answers
In the Design phase, what is created to achieve learning objectives?
In the Design phase, what is created to achieve learning objectives?
- A marketing strategy
- A plan (correct)
- A detailed budget
- A project timeline
Which of these actions occurs during the Develop phase?
Which of these actions occurs during the Develop phase?
- Identifying learning objectives
- Setting SMART goals
- Executing the details of the plan (correct)
- Analyzing learner expectations
What is the primary focus of the Implement phase?
What is the primary focus of the Implement phase?
- Analyzing resources
- Selecting methods and media
- Stating standards
- Piloting and testing the learning solution (correct)
Which term refers to the beliefs and theories upon which lesson planning is based?
Which term refers to the beliefs and theories upon which lesson planning is based?
What is the primary goal of the Analyze Learners step in the ASSURE model?
What is the primary goal of the Analyze Learners step in the ASSURE model?
What aspect of writing instructional materials involves organizing content for clarity?
What aspect of writing instructional materials involves organizing content for clarity?
What action is taken during the 'Utilize media and technology' step of the ASSURE model?
What action is taken during the 'Utilize media and technology' step of the ASSURE model?
What does 'sequencing' refer to in the context of instructional materials?
What does 'sequencing' refer to in the context of instructional materials?
In the context of evaluating materials, what does 'usability' refer to?
In the context of evaluating materials, what does 'usability' refer to?
What does 'blended learning' combine?
What does 'blended learning' combine?
Which factor in writing instructional materials deals with integrating headings and illustrations with the content?
Which factor in writing instructional materials deals with integrating headings and illustrations with the content?
What kind of materials are used when the preferred materials are not available?
What kind of materials are used when the preferred materials are not available?
In Piaget's theory, which stage involves learning through senses and motor responses?
In Piaget's theory, which stage involves learning through senses and motor responses?
During what stage of Piaget's theory do children begin to use symbolic thinking and visual symbols.
During what stage of Piaget's theory do children begin to use symbolic thinking and visual symbols.
Which stage of the ADDIE model involves analyzing the current state and setting goals?
Which stage of the ADDIE model involves analyzing the current state and setting goals?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between 'approach' and 'design' in the context of instructional materials?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between 'approach' and 'design' in the context of instructional materials?
A teacher notices that students are struggling to connect new lesson content to previously learned material. According to the factors in writing instructional materials, which area needs improvement?
A teacher notices that students are struggling to connect new lesson content to previously learned material. According to the factors in writing instructional materials, which area needs improvement?
Which of the following scenarios exemplifies 'transfer of learning' in instructional materials, specifically utilizing a 'learner-related' approach?
Which of the following scenarios exemplifies 'transfer of learning' in instructional materials, specifically utilizing a 'learner-related' approach?
A teacher wants to use hands-on activities involving building blocks to teach fractions, but the blocks are unavailable. What type of materials should the teacher use?
A teacher wants to use hands-on activities involving building blocks to teach fractions, but the blocks are unavailable. What type of materials should the teacher use?
According to Piaget's theory, a child who is able to understand that a tall, thin glass can hold the same amount of liquid as a short, wide glass is in which stage of cognitive development?
According to Piaget's theory, a child who is able to understand that a tall, thin glass can hold the same amount of liquid as a short, wide glass is in which stage of cognitive development?
A teacher is planning a lesson that involves students acting out historical events. Which of Piaget's stages aligns best with this type of activity?
A teacher is planning a lesson that involves students acting out historical events. Which of Piaget's stages aligns best with this type of activity?
In the context of ADDIE model, what is the significance of answering questions to properly design a program in the analysis phase?
In the context of ADDIE model, what is the significance of answering questions to properly design a program in the analysis phase?
A teacher is creating instructional materials and wants to ensure the 'structuring/clarifying' factor is well addressed. Which of the following actions would best accomplish this objective?
A teacher is creating instructional materials and wants to ensure the 'structuring/clarifying' factor is well addressed. Which of the following actions would best accomplish this objective?
When designing instructional materials, which approach to transfer of learning is most directly supported by providing opportunities for students to solve authentic, real-world problems using the concepts they've learned?
When designing instructional materials, which approach to transfer of learning is most directly supported by providing opportunities for students to solve authentic, real-world problems using the concepts they've learned?
A lesson has clear learning objectives, incorporates multimedia elements, and includes opportunities for collaborative work. However, student performance on the final assessment is lower than expected. According to the factors in writing instructional materials, what is the MOST likely area that needs to be revised?
A lesson has clear learning objectives, incorporates multimedia elements, and includes opportunities for collaborative work. However, student performance on the final assessment is lower than expected. According to the factors in writing instructional materials, what is the MOST likely area that needs to be revised?
In the Design phase of instructional design, what is the relationship between SMART goals and the detailed strategy?
In the Design phase of instructional design, what is the relationship between SMART goals and the detailed strategy?
During the Develop phase, what is a key iterative process that ensures the quality and effectiveness of the learning solution?
During the Develop phase, what is a key iterative process that ensures the quality and effectiveness of the learning solution?
In the Implement phase, why is piloting and testing the learning solution critical before full deployment?
In the Implement phase, why is piloting and testing the learning solution critical before full deployment?
How does the Evaluate phase build upon the evaluations conducted in the previous phases of the instructional design process?
How does the Evaluate phase build upon the evaluations conducted in the previous phases of the instructional design process?
In the ASSURE model, what is the relationship between 'selecting methods and media' and 'utilizing media and technology'?
In the ASSURE model, what is the relationship between 'selecting methods and media' and 'utilizing media and technology'?
Which aspect of the 'Evaluate and Revise' step in the ASSURE model focuses on improving the overall instructional program?
Which aspect of the 'Evaluate and Revise' step in the ASSURE model focuses on improving the overall instructional program?
What distinguishes 'adaptability' from 'flexibility' when evaluating instructional materials?
What distinguishes 'adaptability' from 'flexibility' when evaluating instructional materials?
When evaluating instructional materials, what does 'generalizability' primarily assess?
When evaluating instructional materials, what does 'generalizability' primarily assess?
In Universal Design for Learning (UDL), what is the focus of providing 'multiple means of representation'?
In Universal Design for Learning (UDL), what is the focus of providing 'multiple means of representation'?
The SAMR model focuses on using technology to modify traditional teaching. What underlies this modification?
The SAMR model focuses on using technology to modify traditional teaching. What underlies this modification?
How does 'elaboration' in instructional materials primarily facilitate deeper learning?
How does 'elaboration' in instructional materials primarily facilitate deeper learning?
What distinguishes a 'learner-related' approach to transfer of learning from other strategies?
What distinguishes a 'learner-related' approach to transfer of learning from other strategies?
When is it most appropriate to use 'improvised materials' according to the principles of instructional design?
When is it most appropriate to use 'improvised materials' according to the principles of instructional design?
In Piaget's theory, at which stage does a child develop the ability to systematically manipulate variables to solve problems?
In Piaget's theory, at which stage does a child develop the ability to systematically manipulate variables to solve problems?
During the Analysis phase of the ADDIE model, what critical process ensures that the instructional design aligns with the actual needs of the learners?
During the Analysis phase of the ADDIE model, what critical process ensures that the instructional design aligns with the actual needs of the learners?
How does the 'pacing' factor in writing instructional materials influence a student's learning experience?
How does the 'pacing' factor in writing instructional materials influence a student's learning experience?
Which of these actions reflects the 'design' aspect of Approach, Design and Procedure framework?
Which of these actions reflects the 'design' aspect of Approach, Design and Procedure framework?
Why is 'sequencing' a critical consideration when developing instructional materials intended for cumulative learning?
Why is 'sequencing' a critical consideration when developing instructional materials intended for cumulative learning?
According to the ADDIE model, which of the following activities is MOST aligned with the 'analysis' phase?
According to the ADDIE model, which of the following activities is MOST aligned with the 'analysis' phase?
What is the main goal of 'structuring/clarifying' information within instructional materials?
What is the main goal of 'structuring/clarifying' information within instructional materials?
Which of the following represents the MOST critical distinction between the 'Select methods and media' and 'Utilize media and technology' steps in the ASSURE model?
Which of the following represents the MOST critical distinction between the 'Select methods and media' and 'Utilize media and technology' steps in the ASSURE model?
In the context of the ADDIE model, how does the evaluation conducted during the 'Develop' phase MOST significantly contribute to the 'Evaluate' phase?
In the context of the ADDIE model, how does the evaluation conducted during the 'Develop' phase MOST significantly contribute to the 'Evaluate' phase?
How does the concept of 'Multiple Means of Engagement' in Universal Design for Learning (UDL) fundamentally differ from traditional approaches to motivation in education?
How does the concept of 'Multiple Means of Engagement' in Universal Design for Learning (UDL) fundamentally differ from traditional approaches to motivation in education?
Considering the principles of the SAMR model, what is the key factor that distinguishes a 'Redefinition' level technology integration from a 'Modification' level integration?
Considering the principles of the SAMR model, what is the key factor that distinguishes a 'Redefinition' level technology integration from a 'Modification' level integration?
In the context of instructional materials, what is the MOST significant challenge in achieving a balance between 'adaptability' and 'flexibility' when catering to diverse learner needs?
In the context of instructional materials, what is the MOST significant challenge in achieving a balance between 'adaptability' and 'flexibility' when catering to diverse learner needs?
Considering the 'Evaluate and Revise' step in the ASSURE model, what is the primary benefit of focusing on alignment between learning objectives and assessment methods during the evaluation phase?
Considering the 'Evaluate and Revise' step in the ASSURE model, what is the primary benefit of focusing on alignment between learning objectives and assessment methods during the evaluation phase?
What is the MOST critical characteristic of 'SMART' goals developed during the Design phase that directly contributes to effective evaluation in the Evaluate phase?
What is the MOST critical characteristic of 'SMART' goals developed during the Design phase that directly contributes to effective evaluation in the Evaluate phase?
In the context of blended learning, what is the MOST significant pedagogical advantage of integrating online instruction with traditional in-person instruction?
In the context of blended learning, what is the MOST significant pedagogical advantage of integrating online instruction with traditional in-person instruction?
During the 'Implement' phase, what specific type of data should be gathered during piloting to ensure the learning solution is scalable and sustainable?
During the 'Implement' phase, what specific type of data should be gathered during piloting to ensure the learning solution is scalable and sustainable?
What is the MOST critical factor to consider when determining the 'generalizability' of a coursebook in an overall program evaluation?
What is the MOST critical factor to consider when determining the 'generalizability' of a coursebook in an overall program evaluation?
Within the ADDIE model, imagine an iterative process during the 'Develop' phase reveals a critical flaw in the core technological infrastructure supporting a key learning module. What should be refined to mitigate risks?
Within the ADDIE model, imagine an iterative process during the 'Develop' phase reveals a critical flaw in the core technological infrastructure supporting a key learning module. What should be refined to mitigate risks?
Considering the principles of Universal Design for Learning (UDL), what critical element must be embedded within 'Multiple Means of Engagement' to effectively cultivate purposeful and motivated learners in a highly diverse educational context?
Considering the principles of Universal Design for Learning (UDL), what critical element must be embedded within 'Multiple Means of Engagement' to effectively cultivate purposeful and motivated learners in a highly diverse educational context?
In the SAMR model, what philosophical shift fundamentally distinguishes 'Redefinition' from 'Modification,' regarding the role of technology in instructional design within complex educational ecosystems?
In the SAMR model, what philosophical shift fundamentally distinguishes 'Redefinition' from 'Modification,' regarding the role of technology in instructional design within complex educational ecosystems?
How should an educator leverage 'external evaluation' of instructional materials to maximize alignment with the goals and preferences outlined in the 'Analyze Learners' phase of the ASSURE model?
How should an educator leverage 'external evaluation' of instructional materials to maximize alignment with the goals and preferences outlined in the 'Analyze Learners' phase of the ASSURE model?
During the 'Evaluate and Revise' stage of the ASSURE model, what meta-cognitive process should educators prioritize to improve instructional efficacy from longer programs?
During the 'Evaluate and Revise' stage of the ASSURE model, what meta-cognitive process should educators prioritize to improve instructional efficacy from longer programs?
In blended learning, assuming resources are limited, what strategic approach should be taken to yield maximum pedagogical outcomes when integrating online components with in-person instruction?
In blended learning, assuming resources are limited, what strategic approach should be taken to yield maximum pedagogical outcomes when integrating online components with in-person instruction?
During the 'Implement' phase of the ADDIE model, what nuanced data points should educators meticulously track to evaluate the potential for long-term scalability and sustainability of a technologically advanced learning solution within a resource-constrained environment?
During the 'Implement' phase of the ADDIE model, what nuanced data points should educators meticulously track to evaluate the potential for long-term scalability and sustainability of a technologically advanced learning solution within a resource-constrained environment?
What crucial evaluative lens should be employed to determine coursebook's 'generalizability' within a comprehensive program evaluation conducted at a global educational non-profit?
What crucial evaluative lens should be employed to determine coursebook's 'generalizability' within a comprehensive program evaluation conducted at a global educational non-profit?
Given a learning module failing to achieve established SMART goals, which revision should be prioritized within the Design phase of the ADDIE model?
Given a learning module failing to achieve established SMART goals, which revision should be prioritized within the Design phase of the ADDIE model?
Within the ASSURE model, during the 'Utilize media and technology' step, what critical actions should be taken to guarantee effective integration and optimal learning outcomes. (Select all that apply)
Within the ASSURE model, during the 'Utilize media and technology' step, what critical actions should be taken to guarantee effective integration and optimal learning outcomes. (Select all that apply)
Within the framework of instructional design, how does the 'design' element directly interface with and refine theoretical 'approach' considerations to shape tangible learning experiences?
Within the framework of instructional design, how does the 'design' element directly interface with and refine theoretical 'approach' considerations to shape tangible learning experiences?
In the nuanced context of instructional material adaptation, which of the following best illustrates a scenario where supplementary materials are strategically employed to augment primary resources?
In the nuanced context of instructional material adaptation, which of the following best illustrates a scenario where supplementary materials are strategically employed to augment primary resources?
Considering Piaget's stages of cognitive development, which scenario exemplifies a 'concrete operational' learner's engagement with instructional materials designed to foster combinatorial logic?
Considering Piaget's stages of cognitive development, which scenario exemplifies a 'concrete operational' learner's engagement with instructional materials designed to foster combinatorial logic?
During the 'Analysis' phase of the ADDIE model, what advanced meta-cognitive process is crucial for instructional designers in accurately calibrating the scope and depth of a program to meet specific learner needs?
During the 'Analysis' phase of the ADDIE model, what advanced meta-cognitive process is crucial for instructional designers in accurately calibrating the scope and depth of a program to meet specific learner needs?
How does the 'sequencing' of instructional materials contribute to the facilitation of cumulative learning, particularly when addressing complex, multi-faceted concepts?
How does the 'sequencing' of instructional materials contribute to the facilitation of cumulative learning, particularly when addressing complex, multi-faceted concepts?
In the context of instructional design, what is the MOST critical distinction between 'structuring/clarifying' information and 'elaboration' of content, relative to fostering deep and transferable knowledge?
In the context of instructional design, what is the MOST critical distinction between 'structuring/clarifying' information and 'elaboration' of content, relative to fostering deep and transferable knowledge?
Within the ASSURE model, how would an instructor leverage the 'Utilize media and technology' step to foster deeper engagement and personalized learning experiences, going beyond mere presentation of content?
Within the ASSURE model, how would an instructor leverage the 'Utilize media and technology' step to foster deeper engagement and personalized learning experiences, going beyond mere presentation of content?
Considering the multitude of 'transfer of learning' approaches in instructional design, what pedagogical rationale underpins a 'learner-related' strategy, and how does it specifically enhance long-term retention and application?
Considering the multitude of 'transfer of learning' approaches in instructional design, what pedagogical rationale underpins a 'learner-related' strategy, and how does it specifically enhance long-term retention and application?
What are the implications if the 'Reviewing' factor in writing instructional materials is inadequately addressed, particularly in the context of a spiral curriculum where concepts are revisited and expanded over time?
What are the implications if the 'Reviewing' factor in writing instructional materials is inadequately addressed, particularly in the context of a spiral curriculum where concepts are revisited and expanded over time?
How does an instructor most effectively address potential cognitive overload resulting from rapid 'pacing' in instructional materials to optimize knowledge transfer and retention?
How does an instructor most effectively address potential cognitive overload resulting from rapid 'pacing' in instructional materials to optimize knowledge transfer and retention?
Which of the following is NOT typically a principle of effective language and literature materials development?
Which of the following is NOT typically a principle of effective language and literature materials development?
What is the primary purpose of 'needs analysis' in the context of language and literature materials development?
What is the primary purpose of 'needs analysis' in the context of language and literature materials development?
Which type of material is characterized by its use of real-world sources, such as newspapers and films?
Which type of material is characterized by its use of real-world sources, such as newspapers and films?
What does 'content validity' primarily ensure when evaluating language and literature materials?
What does 'content validity' primarily ensure when evaluating language and literature materials?
What is the primary focus of 'learner appeal' when evaluating instructional materials?
What is the primary focus of 'learner appeal' when evaluating instructional materials?
How does the 'learner-centeredness' principle influence the design of language and literature learning resources?
How does the 'learner-centeredness' principle influence the design of language and literature learning resources?
Which adaptation strategy involves modifying language to suit learners with lower proficiency levels?
Which adaptation strategy involves modifying language to suit learners with lower proficiency levels?
In the development of language learning materials, why is the 'integration of skills' considered important?
In the development of language learning materials, why is the 'integration of skills' considered important?
What is the significance of 'setting objectives' during the stages of materials development?
What is the significance of 'setting objectives' during the stages of materials development?
Why are Learning Management Systems (LMS) valuable in materials development?
Why are Learning Management Systems (LMS) valuable in materials development?
During the 'implementation' stage of materials development, what is the primary reason for piloting and evaluating materials in the classroom?
During the 'implementation' stage of materials development, what is the primary reason for piloting and evaluating materials in the classroom?
Which of the following presents a significant curriculum constraint in materials development?
Which of the following presents a significant curriculum constraint in materials development?
What is the primary goal of incorporating 'gamification' into instructional materials?
What is the primary goal of incorporating 'gamification' into instructional materials?
A language learning program incorporates interactive software, digital libraries, and online language games. Which type of materials is being utilized?
A language learning program incorporates interactive software, digital libraries, and online language games. Which type of materials is being utilized?
In the context of materials development, what does 'adapting' primarily involve?
In the context of materials development, what does 'adapting' primarily involve?
An instructor rigidly adheres to a textbook, disregarding students' cultural backgrounds and personal interests. Which principle of materials development is MOST being neglected?
An instructor rigidly adheres to a textbook, disregarding students' cultural backgrounds and personal interests. Which principle of materials development is MOST being neglected?
How does promoting 'self-directed learning' contribute to learner autonomy?
How does promoting 'self-directed learning' contribute to learner autonomy?
Which activity reflects the 'Implementing Materials' phase?
Which activity reflects the 'Implementing Materials' phase?
How can teachers address local context and cultural background of learners during material adaptation?
How can teachers address local context and cultural background of learners during material adaptation?
Which of the following represents a significant challenge posed by learner diversity in materials development, when aiming for comprehensive inclusivity?
Which of the following represents a significant challenge posed by learner diversity in materials development, when aiming for comprehensive inclusivity?
Which of the following is considered a main component of Procedure?
Which of the following is considered a main component of Procedure?
What does 'pacing' refer to in the context of writing instructional materials?
What does 'pacing' refer to in the context of writing instructional materials?
What type of activities are suitable for children in Piaget's sensorimotor stage?
What type of activities are suitable for children in Piaget's sensorimotor stage?
During which stage of Piaget's theory do children typically begin to engage in symbolic play?
During which stage of Piaget's theory do children typically begin to engage in symbolic play?
What is the primary focus of the Analysis phase in the ADDIE model?
What is the primary focus of the Analysis phase in the ADDIE model?
Flashcards
Approach (in IMs)
Approach (in IMs)
Beliefs and theories that guide planning.
Design (in IMs)
Design (in IMs)
Converting approaches into practical syllabus and materials.
Procedure (in IMs)
Procedure (in IMs)
Techniques and classroom management.
Understanding (in IMs)
Understanding (in IMs)
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Sequencing (in IMs)
Sequencing (in IMs)
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Reviewing (in IMs)
Reviewing (in IMs)
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Supplementary Materials
Supplementary Materials
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Improvised Materials
Improvised Materials
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Design (Instructional Design)
Design (Instructional Design)
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Develop (Instructional Design)
Develop (Instructional Design)
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Implement (Instructional Design)
Implement (Instructional Design)
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Evaluate (Instructional Design)
Evaluate (Instructional Design)
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Analyze Learners (ASSURE Model)
Analyze Learners (ASSURE Model)
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Blended Learning
Blended Learning
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SAMR Model
SAMR Model
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Structuring/Clarifying (in IMs)
Structuring/Clarifying (in IMs)
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Sequencing
Sequencing
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Explaining (in IMs)
Explaining (in IMs)
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Pacing (in IMs)
Pacing (in IMs)
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Elaborating (in IMs)
Elaborating (in IMs)
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Transfer of Learning
Transfer of Learning
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Sensorimotor Stage (Piaget)
Sensorimotor Stage (Piaget)
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Preoperational Stage (Piaget)
Preoperational Stage (Piaget)
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Concrete Operational (Piaget)
Concrete Operational (Piaget)
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Formal Operational (Piaget)
Formal Operational (Piaget)
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State Standards and Objectives (ASSURE)
State Standards and Objectives (ASSURE)
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Select Methods and Media (ASSURE)
Select Methods and Media (ASSURE)
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Utilize Media and Technology (ASSURE)
Utilize Media and Technology (ASSURE)
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Require Learner Participation (ASSURE)
Require Learner Participation (ASSURE)
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Evaluate and Revise (ASSURE)
Evaluate and Revise (ASSURE)
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External Evaluation (Materials)
External Evaluation (Materials)
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Internal Evaluation (Materials)
Internal Evaluation (Materials)
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Usability (Materials)
Usability (Materials)
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Adaptability (Materials)
Adaptability (Materials)
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Universal Design for Learning (UDL)
Universal Design for Learning (UDL)
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Flexibility (Materials)
Flexibility (Materials)
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Generalizability (Materials)
Generalizability (Materials)
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Multiple Means of Representation (UDL)
Multiple Means of Representation (UDL)
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Multiple Means of Action and Expression (UDL)
Multiple Means of Action and Expression (UDL)
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Multiple Means of Engagement (UDL)
Multiple Means of Engagement (UDL)
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Analyze (ADDIE)
Analyze (ADDIE)
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Transfer of Learning: Types
Transfer of Learning: Types
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Sensorimotor Stage actions
Sensorimotor Stage actions
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Preoperational Stage Actions
Preoperational Stage Actions
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Concrete Operational Actions
Concrete Operational Actions
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Formal Operational Actions
Formal Operational Actions
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Sensorimotor (0-2 years)
Sensorimotor (0-2 years)
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Preoperational (2-7 years)
Preoperational (2-7 years)
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Concrete Operational (7-11 years)
Concrete Operational (7-11 years)
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Inquiry-Related Learning
Inquiry-Related Learning
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Concept-Related Learning
Concept-Related Learning
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Learner-Related Learning
Learner-Related Learning
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Utilization-Related Learning
Utilization-Related Learning
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Object Permanence
Object Permanence
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Sensorimotor Stage
Sensorimotor Stage
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Symbolic Play
Symbolic Play
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Use of Visual Symbols
Use of Visual Symbols
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Usability (Materials Evaluation)
Usability (Materials Evaluation)
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Pedagogical Soundness
Pedagogical Soundness
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Practicality (Materials)
Practicality (Materials)
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Learner Appeal
Learner Appeal
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Cultural Sensitivity
Cultural Sensitivity
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Supplementing (Materials)
Supplementing (Materials)
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Simplifying (Materials)
Simplifying (Materials)
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Localizing (Materials)
Localizing (Materials)
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Updating (Materials)
Updating (Materials)
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Reordering (Materials)
Reordering (Materials)
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Gamification
Gamification
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Language Learning Materials
Language Learning Materials
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Textbooks
Textbooks
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Workbooks
Workbooks
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Audio-Visual Aids
Audio-Visual Aids
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Authentic Materials
Authentic Materials
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Technology-Based Tools
Technology-Based Tools
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Authenticity (Materials)
Authenticity (Materials)
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Relevance (Materials)
Relevance (Materials)
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Variety (Materials)
Variety (Materials)
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Learner-Centeredness
Learner-Centeredness
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Reviewing (Materials)
Reviewing (Materials)
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Elaborating (materials)
Elaborating (materials)
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Sensorimotor Actions
Sensorimotor Actions
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Study Notes
Factors in Writing Instructional Materials (IMS)
- Understanding requires matching materials to learners' abilities and prior knowledge.
- Structuring/Clarifying involves organizing material so that it is clear to students.
- Sequencing arranges materials for continuous and cumulative learning.
- Explaining integrates headings, terms, illustrations, and summary exercises with content.
- Pacing is how quickly lessons are presented in textbooks.
- Reviewing allows students to link new ideas to old concepts.
- Elaborating provides opportunities for students to transform information and apply it to new knowledge.
Transfer of Learning
- Can be concept-related.
- Can be inquiry-related.
- Can be learner-related.
- Can be utilization-related.
Supplementary vs Improvised Materials
- Supplementary materials are additional materials beyond single classroom use.
- Improvised materials are used when preferred materials aren't available.
Piaget's Theory
- Sensorimotor Stage (0-2 years):
- Senses + motor responses, object permanence.
- Includes peek-a-boo and manipulatives.
- Preoperational Stage (2-7 years):
- Symbolic thinking and use of visual symbols.
- Employs symbolic play and pretend.
- Concrete Operational Stage (7-11 years):
- Experiments, logical thinking, concrete (physical) rules about objects.
- Develops conservation skills, focusing on weight, height and volume.
- Formal Operational Stage (12+ years):
- Logical rules applied to abstract concepts, solving problems.
ADDIE Model
- Analyze: Goal-setting stage and analyzing the current state to properly design the program.
- Design: Develop a plan to best achieve the learning objectives identified in the analysis phase.
- Consists of course design, SMART goals, a detailed strategy in response to the set goals.
- Develop: Execute plan details; development/ or integration of technologies, debugging, and project reviews/revisions.
- Implement: Pilot and test the learning solution.
- Evaluate: Reviews resources and goals to meet needs; occurs in each phase.
ASSURE Model
- Analyze learners: Expectations, goals, preferences, and needs.
- State standards and objectives: Determine standards and objectives for the program.
- Select methods and media: Choose media and technology based on content.
- Utilize media and technology: Implementation of media and technology.
- Require learner participation: Engage learners.
- Evaluate and revise: Determine if learning objectives are met; improve program.
Evaluating Materials
- External Evaluation: What the book says about itself.
- Internal Evaluation: Digs deeper in terms of objectives, design, content, etc.
- Overall Evaluation:
- Usability: Potential for integration with the syllabus.
- Adaptability: Allows localization and personalisation.
- Flexibility: Includes sequencing and grading.
- Generalizability: Whether the whole coursebook can be used, or only a part of it.
- Blended learning combines in-person and online instruction.
Universal Design for Learning
- WHAT: Multiple means of representation for knowledgeable and resourceful learners.
- HOW: Multiple means of action and expression for strategic and goal-oriented learning.
- WHY: Multiple means of engagement for purposeful and motivated learning.
SAMR Model (Dr. Ruben Puentedura)
- Technology modifies traditional teaching methods.
- Redefinition: Technology allows the creation of new tasks, previously inconceivable.
- Modification: Technology allows significant task redesign.
- Augmentation: Technology acts as a direct substitute, with functional improvement.
- Substitution: Technology acts as a direct substitute, with no functional change.
TPACK Model (Lee Shulman)
- Framework understanding of the knowledge needed for effective technology integration in teaching.
Gagne's 9 Events of Instruction
- Gain attention.
- Inform learners of objectives.
- Stimulate recall of prior learning.
- Present content.
- Provide guidance.
- Practice application.
- Provide feedback.
- Assess performance.
- Enhance retention and transfer.
Tools
- KWL chart (Know, Want to know, Learned): Collects data to help form instructional methods.
- Reciprocal teaching: Summarize, Question, Predict, Clarify.
Planning, Design, and Procedure
- Planning considers views, beliefs, and theories.
- Design converts approaches into syllabus and instructional materials.
- Procedure uses techniques and classroom management.
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