Human Physiology Week 10a-d.13 - Transcripts
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of using inhaled corticosteroids in asthma treatment?

  • To reduce inflammation (correct)
  • To enhance bronchostriction
  • To increase mucus production
  • To constrict the airways

    • What effect does pulmonary fibrosis have on lung elasticity?

  • Allows for greater air exchange
  • Increases lung elasticity significantly
  • No effect on lung elasticity
  • Decreases lung elasticity due to scar tissue (correct)

    • What happens when the diameter of bronchioles decreases?

  • Air flow becomes more challenging during breathing. (correct)
  • Air moves easily through the lungs.
  • Airway resistance decreases significantly.
  • The lungs become more efficient at exchanging gases.

    • How does partial pressure relate to atmospheric pressure?

    <p>Partial pressure represents the force exerted by a specific gas in a mixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the air exchange process when lung tissue is replaced by scar tissue?

    <p>It becomes less efficient resulting in less oxygen intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism is NOT mentioned as causing smaller than normal bronchioles?

    <p>Lung inflation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physiological change is required to facilitate normal breathing in elastic lung tissues?

    <p>Minor diaphragm movement can effectively stretch and compress the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During expiration, what effect does increased intrapleural pressure have on the airways?

    <p>It compresses the airways.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physiological effect does airway resistance have on breathing?

    <p>It makes it more difficult to move air through the lungs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is wheezing typically associated with expiration rather than inspiration?

    <p>Airways are narrower and more compressed during expiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of bronchoconstriction on the airways?

    <p>Increase in airflow resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does mucus play in the airways during inflammation?

    <p>It acts as a barrier to airflow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What long-term change occurs in airways due to chronic inflammation?

    <p>Remodeling leading to a reduction in airway size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following treatments is NOT aimed at reducing inflammation in airway diseases?

    <p>Beta-agonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism is primarily responsible for airway constriction during acute asthma attacks?

    <p>Contraction of smooth muscle around the airways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What fundamental factor primarily affects airway resistance in the bronchioles?

    <p>Diameter of the airway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structural characteristic distinguishes respiratory bronchioles from regular bronchioles?

    <p>Alveoli protruding from their walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does diameter impact airflow resistance in the respiratory system?

    <p>Greater diameters allow for easier airflow through the airways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does smooth muscle play in the bronchial airways?

    <p>They regulate airflow by bronchoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to airflow when resistance in the bronchial airways increases due to smaller diameters?

    <p>Airflow becomes more difficult</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to airway resistance as the diameter of the airways decreases?

    <p>Airway resistance increases due to greater resistance area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the role of smooth muscle in the airways?

    <p>Smooth muscle contracts leading to bronchoconstriction, increasing resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cartilage in the trachea and bronchi regarding airway diameter?

    <p>Cartilage restricts the ability to change airway diameter significantly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which level of the airway structure is bronchoconstriction most limited?

    <p>Trachea and bronchi due to the rigidity of cartilage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about airway anatomy is accurate?

    <p>The trachea has a larger diameter compared to smaller airways like bronchioles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily causes the sensation of pressure when diving deeper in water?

    <p>The increased weight of water compressing the eardrums.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does atmospheric pressure change with elevation?

    <p>It decreases as elevation increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard atmospheric pressure at sea level expressed in millimeters of mercury?

    <p>760 millimeters of mercury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes 'absolute pressure' in relation to a vacuum?

    <p>Pressure compared to an absolute vacuum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When discussing partial pressure, what aspect of gas is primarily being evaluated?

    <p>The concentration of specific gases in a mixture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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