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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of the daily and weekly checklist for ultrasound machines?
What is the purpose of the daily and weekly checklist for ultrasound machines?
What is the purpose of the performance test in ultrasound machines?
What is the purpose of the performance test in ultrasound machines?
What is the 'dead zone' in an ultrasound system?
What is the 'dead zone' in an ultrasound system?
How often should the performance test and Doppler QC tests be conducted?
How often should the performance test and Doppler QC tests be conducted?
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What is the purpose of the distance accuracy test for ultrasound systems?
What is the purpose of the distance accuracy test for ultrasound systems?
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What is the acceptable margin of error for the vertical measurement in the distance accuracy test?
What is the acceptable margin of error for the vertical measurement in the distance accuracy test?
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What is the purpose of setting the ultrasound machine to its maximum transmit power?
What is the purpose of setting the ultrasound machine to its maximum transmit power?
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What is the purpose of the transducer inspection?
What is the purpose of the transducer inspection?
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What is the purpose of adjusting the receiver gain and Time Gain Compensation (TGC) in ultrasound systems?
What is the purpose of adjusting the receiver gain and Time Gain Compensation (TGC) in ultrasound systems?
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What is spatial resolution in ultrasound imaging?
What is spatial resolution in ultrasound imaging?
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What is the purpose of the counting pins method?
What is the purpose of the counting pins method?
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What is contrast resolution also known as?
What is contrast resolution also known as?
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What is the purpose of the air test in ultrasound QA?
What is the purpose of the air test in ultrasound QA?
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What should be set according to the probe model's typical specifications?
What should be set according to the probe model's typical specifications?
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What should be adjusted to ensure a mid-range gray level across the entire image?
What should be adjusted to ensure a mid-range gray level across the entire image?
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Where should the transmit focus be positioned?
Where should the transmit focus be positioned?
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What is the primary goal of Quality Assurance in ultrasound systems?
What is the primary goal of Quality Assurance in ultrasound systems?
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When should routine preventive maintenance be performed on ultrasound equipment?
When should routine preventive maintenance be performed on ultrasound equipment?
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What is the purpose of acceptance testing in ultrasound equipment?
What is the purpose of acceptance testing in ultrasound equipment?
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What is the frequency of Level 1 Quality Control testing in ultrasound systems?
What is the frequency of Level 1 Quality Control testing in ultrasound systems?
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What is the purpose of Level 2 Quality Control testing in ultrasound systems?
What is the purpose of Level 2 Quality Control testing in ultrasound systems?
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What is the benefit of performing Quality Assurance in ultrasound systems?
What is the benefit of performing Quality Assurance in ultrasound systems?
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What is the primary cause of horizontal bands in the air test?
What is the primary cause of horizontal bands in the air test?
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What is the purpose of adjusting the frequency to its lowest value in the air test?
What is the purpose of adjusting the frequency to its lowest value in the air test?
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What can be indicated by a vertical line in the air test image?
What can be indicated by a vertical line in the air test image?
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What is the primary purpose of the paper clip test?
What is the primary purpose of the paper clip test?
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What is the purpose of applying ultrasound gel to the transducer's surface in the paper clip test?
What is the purpose of applying ultrasound gel to the transducer's surface in the paper clip test?
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What does a consistent line of bright echoes indicate in the paper clip test?
What does a consistent line of bright echoes indicate in the paper clip test?
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What is an advantage of the paper clip test?
What is an advantage of the paper clip test?
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What can be evaluated using the air test?
What can be evaluated using the air test?
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What can be assessed using the air test?
What can be assessed using the air test?
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What is the primary purpose of the paper clip test?
What is the primary purpose of the paper clip test?
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What is an advantage of the paper clip test?
What is an advantage of the paper clip test?
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Why is ultrasound gel applied to the transducer's surface in the paper clip test?
Why is ultrasound gel applied to the transducer's surface in the paper clip test?
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What can be indicated by a vertical line in the air test image?
What can be indicated by a vertical line in the air test image?
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What is the purpose of maximizing the overall gain and time gain compensation in the air test?
What is the purpose of maximizing the overall gain and time gain compensation in the air test?
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What is observed in the air test image?
What is observed in the air test image?
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What does a consistent line of bright echoes indicate in the paper clip test?
What does a consistent line of bright echoes indicate in the paper clip test?
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What is the primary purpose of the air test in ultrasound QA?
What is the primary purpose of the air test in ultrasound QA?
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What is contrast resolution also known as?
What is contrast resolution also known as?
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What determines the system's ability to distinguish between objects that are close together?
What determines the system's ability to distinguish between objects that are close together?
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What can be assessed effectively through counting pins and measuring pin size?
What can be assessed effectively through counting pins and measuring pin size?
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What is the purpose of adjusting the frequency according to the probe model's typical specifications?
What is the purpose of adjusting the frequency according to the probe model's typical specifications?
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What should be positioned at or just above the gray scale targets?
What should be positioned at or just above the gray scale targets?
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What determines the system's ability to distinguish between objects of similar densities?
What determines the system's ability to distinguish between objects of similar densities?
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What should be adjusted to ensure a mid-range gray level across the entire image?
What should be adjusted to ensure a mid-range gray level across the entire image?
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What is the purpose of the transducer inspection in ultrasound machines?
What is the purpose of the transducer inspection in ultrasound machines?
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What is the acceptable margin of error for the horizontal measurement in the distance accuracy test?
What is the acceptable margin of error for the horizontal measurement in the distance accuracy test?
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What is the purpose of setting the ultrasound machine to its maximum transmit power for deep tissue penetration?
What is the purpose of setting the ultrasound machine to its maximum transmit power for deep tissue penetration?
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What is the primary purpose of the performance test in ultrasound machines?
What is the primary purpose of the performance test in ultrasound machines?
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What is the purpose of the dead zone test in ultrasound machines?
What is the purpose of the dead zone test in ultrasound machines?
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What is the primary benefit of ensuring consistent image quality and system performance in ultrasound machines?
What is the primary benefit of ensuring consistent image quality and system performance in ultrasound machines?
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What is evaluated during the distance accuracy test in ultrasound machines?
What is evaluated during the distance accuracy test in ultrasound machines?
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What is the purpose of the grayscale test in ultrasound machines?
What is the purpose of the grayscale test in ultrasound machines?
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What is the purpose of the transducer inspection?
What is the purpose of the transducer inspection?
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What is being tested in the sensitivity test?
What is being tested in the sensitivity test?
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What determines the system's ability to distinguish between objects of similar densities?
What determines the system's ability to distinguish between objects of similar densities?
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What is the purpose of the grayscale test?
What is the purpose of the grayscale test?
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What is the acceptable margin of error for the horizontal measurement in the distance accuracy test?
What is the acceptable margin of error for the horizontal measurement in the distance accuracy test?
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What is the purpose of setting the ultrasound machine to its maximum transmit power?
What is the purpose of setting the ultrasound machine to its maximum transmit power?
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What is the primary purpose of the air test in ultrasound QA?
What is the primary purpose of the air test in ultrasound QA?
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What determines the system's ability to distinguish between objects that are close together?
What determines the system's ability to distinguish between objects that are close together?
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What is the primary purpose of the air test?
What is the primary purpose of the air test?
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What is contrast resolution also known as?
What is contrast resolution also known as?
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What can be assessed effectively through counting pins and measuring pin size?
What can be assessed effectively through counting pins and measuring pin size?
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What is indicated by a vertical line in the air test image?
What is indicated by a vertical line in the air test image?
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What is the purpose of applying ultrasound gel to the transducer's surface in the paper clip test?
What is the purpose of applying ultrasound gel to the transducer's surface in the paper clip test?
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What determines the system's ability to differentiate between objects of similar densities?
What determines the system's ability to differentiate between objects of similar densities?
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What does a consistent line of bright echoes indicate in the paper clip test?
What does a consistent line of bright echoes indicate in the paper clip test?
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What should be adjusted to ensure a mid-range gray level across the entire image?
What should be adjusted to ensure a mid-range gray level across the entire image?
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What is evaluated using the air test?
What is evaluated using the air test?
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What is the advantage of the paper clip test?
What is the advantage of the paper clip test?
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What is observed in the air test image?
What is observed in the air test image?
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What is the primary purpose of the paper clip test?
What is the primary purpose of the paper clip test?
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What is the primary purpose of the air test in ultrasound QA?
What is the primary purpose of the air test in ultrasound QA?
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What determines the system's ability to distinguish between objects that are close together?
What determines the system's ability to distinguish between objects that are close together?
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What can be assessed effectively through counting pins and measuring pin size?
What can be assessed effectively through counting pins and measuring pin size?
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What is contrast resolution also known as?
What is contrast resolution also known as?
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What determines the system's ability to distinguish between objects of similar densities?
What determines the system's ability to distinguish between objects of similar densities?
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What should be set according to the probe model's typical specifications?
What should be set according to the probe model's typical specifications?
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What should be positioned at or just above the gray scale targets?
What should be positioned at or just above the gray scale targets?
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What is the primary purpose of the air test in ultrasound QA?
What is the primary purpose of the air test in ultrasound QA?
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What is the purpose of the paper clip test?
What is the purpose of the paper clip test?
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What is observed in the air test image?
What is observed in the air test image?
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What is the purpose of applying ultrasound gel to the transducer's surface in the paper clip test?
What is the purpose of applying ultrasound gel to the transducer's surface in the paper clip test?
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What can be indicated by a vertical line in the air test image?
What can be indicated by a vertical line in the air test image?
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What is the benefit of the paper clip test?
What is the benefit of the paper clip test?
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Why is the frequency adjusted to its lowest value in the air test?
Why is the frequency adjusted to its lowest value in the air test?
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What is the primary purpose of routine preventive maintenance in ultrasound systems?
What is the primary purpose of routine preventive maintenance in ultrasound systems?
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What is the primary purpose of setting the ultrasound machine to its maximum transmit power?
What is the primary purpose of setting the ultrasound machine to its maximum transmit power?
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What is the purpose of Level 1 Quality Control testing in ultrasound systems?
What is the purpose of Level 1 Quality Control testing in ultrasound systems?
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What is the purpose of acceptance testing in ultrasound equipment?
What is the purpose of acceptance testing in ultrasound equipment?
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What is being measured in the Distance Accuracy Test for Ultrasound Systems?
What is being measured in the Distance Accuracy Test for Ultrasound Systems?
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What is the purpose of performance testing in ultrasound systems?
What is the purpose of performance testing in ultrasound systems?
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What is the primary goal of the Axial and Lateral Resolution tests in ultrasound systems?
What is the primary goal of the Axial and Lateral Resolution tests in ultrasound systems?
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What is contrast resolution also known as?
What is contrast resolution also known as?
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What is the purpose of Level 2 Quality Control testing in ultrasound systems?
What is the purpose of Level 2 Quality Control testing in ultrasound systems?
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What is the primary benefit of performing Quality Assurance in ultrasound systems?
What is the primary benefit of performing Quality Assurance in ultrasound systems?
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What is the primary purpose of the transducer inspection in ultrasound machines?
What is the primary purpose of the transducer inspection in ultrasound machines?
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What is the purpose of the Dead Zone test in ultrasound systems?
What is the purpose of the Dead Zone test in ultrasound systems?
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When should routine preventive maintenance be performed on ultrasound equipment?
When should routine preventive maintenance be performed on ultrasound equipment?
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What is the purpose of transducer inspection in ultrasound machines?
What is the purpose of transducer inspection in ultrasound machines?
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What is the primary goal of the System Sensitivity test in ultrasound systems?
What is the primary goal of the System Sensitivity test in ultrasound systems?
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What is the primary goal of Quality Assurance in ultrasound systems?
What is the primary goal of Quality Assurance in ultrasound systems?
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Study Notes
Importance of Ultrasound Quality Assurance
- Ensures the system is correctly set up and operates according to specified standards
- Helps maintain consistent performance of the ultrasound system over time
- Identifies and addresses potential issues at their earliest stage before they affect diagnostic accuracy
When to Perform Quality Assurance
- Routine preventive maintenance involves daily or weekly checks by sonographers
- Routine performance testing is carried out weekly or monthly by sonographers
- Acceptance testing is conducted when new ultrasound equipment is installed
Levels of Quality Control Testing
- Level 1: Frequent QC testing (operator’s QC) for daily image quality checks and basic functionality tests
- Level 2: Annual QC testing (medical physicist’s QC) for thorough evaluation of the ultrasound system’s compliance with industry standards
- Level 3: Acceptance testing for new equipment installation
Daily and Weekly Checklist
- General machine cleanliness
- Mechanical and Electrical checks
- Workstation setup and ambient lighting
- Transducer inspection
Annually or Semi-annually Checklist
- Performance test (dead zone test, vertical & horizontal measurement, sensitivity test, uniformity test, grayscale test, axial & lateral resolution)
- Doppler QC tests (signal sensitivity, angle accuracy, color display, flow accuracy)
Dead Zone Test
- Assesses the "dead zone" of the ultrasound system
- Test setup: a group of nine fiber reflectors positioned at varying depths (2 mm to 10 mm) in a phantom
Distance Accuracy Test
- Uses a phantom with a vertical column and a horizontal row of reflectors spaced at known distances
- Measures distance between reflectors using digital caliper tool
- Vertical measurement should be within 1.5% of the actual distance or 2 mm, whichever is greater
- Horizontal measurement should be within 3% of the actual distance or 3 mm, whichever is greater
System Sensitivity/Penetration
- Check key settings: maximum transmit power, receiver gain, Time Gain Compensation (TGC), and transmit focus
- Compare results over time to detect any changes or degradation in performance
Axial and Lateral Resolution
- Methods: counting pins, measuring pin size
- Evaluates the system's ability to distinguish between objects close together
Contrast Resolution Test (Gray Scale Test)
- Evaluates the system's ability to differentiate between objects of similar and varying densities
- Scanner settings: set frequency, adjust depth, position focus, and adjust overall gain and TGC
The Air Test
- Checks transducer sensitivity and identifies faulty crystal elements
- Operate transducer in air with its face clean and dry, at lowest frequency and highest gain settings
- Observe image for horizontal reverberation bands
Paper Clip Test
- Detects faults in the ultrasound transducer’s crystal elements
- Apply ultrasound gel to the transducer's surface and slide an open paper clip gently across the transducer
- Watch for a consistent line of bright echoes; dim or broken segments indicate possible malfunctioning crystal elements
Adjusting Receiver Gain and TGC
- Adjust receiver gain and Time Gain Compensation (TGC) to visualize echotexture in deeper regions and ensure visibility across all tissue types
- Position the transmit focus at the deepest depth possible to evaluate the system's display capabilities at varying depths
Evaluating Axial and Lateral Resolution
- Axial resolution: ability to distinguish between objects close together in the axial direction
- Lateral resolution: ability to distinguish between objects close together in the lateral direction
- Methods to assess resolution:
- Counting pins: determine minimum spacing at which individual pins can be distinguished
- Measuring pin size: measure pin dimensions in both lateral and axial directions using on-screen calipers
Contrast Resolution Test (Gray Scale Resolution)
- Evaluates system's ability to differentiate between objects of similar and varying densities
- Scanner settings:
- Set frequency according to probe model specifications
- Adjust depth based on phantom model used
- Position focus at or just above gray scale targets
- Adjust overall gain and TGC to ensure mid-range gray level across the image
The Air Test
- Used to check transducer sensitivity and identify faulty crystal elements
- Test involves operating the transducer in air with a clean and dry face, at lowest frequency and highest gain settings
Daily and Weekly Checklist
- Machine cleanliness: keyboard, knobs, transducer, monitor, and air filter
- Mechanical and Electrical: wheels, locks, and cords
- Workstation: contrast and brightness settings to reduce eye strain
- Transducer inspection: cables, cracks, and matching layer delamination
Annually or Semi-annually Checklist
- Performance tests:
- Dead zone test
- Vertical and horizontal measurement
- Sensitivity test
- Uniformity test
- Grayscale test
- Axial and lateral resolution test
- Doppler QC tests:
- Signal sensitivity
- Angle accuracy
- Color display
- Flow accuracy
Dead Zone Test (Ring Down)
- Assess the area directly beneath the transducer where ultrasound waves cannot image due to close proximity
- Test setup: 9 fiber reflectors positioned at varying depths (2 mm to 10 mm)
Distance Accuracy Test
- Use a phantom with vertical and horizontal rows of reflectors at known distances
- Measure distance between reflectors using digital caliper tool on ultrasound software
- Vertical measurement should be within 1.5% of actual distance or 2 mm
- Horizontal measurement should be within 3% of actual distance or 3 mm
System Sensitivity/Penetration
- Check key settings to ensure consistent image quality and system performance
- Set ultrasound machine to maximum transmit power for deep tissue penetration
- Image should display horizontal bands due to reverberations
The Paper Clip Test
- Used to detect faults in ultrasound transducer's crystal elements
- Apply ultrasound gel to transducer surface and slide an open paper clip across it
- Watch for consistent line of bright echoes; dim or broken segments indicate possible malfunctioning crystal elements
Adjusting Receiver Gain and TGC
- Adjust receiver gain and Time Gain Compensation (TGC) to visualize echotexture in deeper regions and ensure visibility across all tissue types
- Position the transmit focus at the deepest depth possible to evaluate the system's display capabilities at varying depths
Evaluating Axial and Lateral Resolution
- Axial resolution: ability to distinguish between objects close together in the axial direction
- Lateral resolution: ability to distinguish between objects close together in the lateral direction
- Methods to assess resolution:
- Counting pins: determine minimum spacing at which individual pins can be distinguished
- Measuring pin size: measure pin dimensions in both lateral and axial directions using on-screen calipers
Contrast Resolution Test (Gray Scale Resolution)
- Evaluates system's ability to differentiate between objects of similar and varying densities
- Scanner settings:
- Set frequency according to probe model specifications
- Adjust depth based on phantom model used
- Position focus at or just above gray scale targets
- Adjust overall gain and TGC to ensure mid-range gray level across the image
The Air Test
- Used to check transducer sensitivity and identify faulty crystal elements
- Test involves operating the transducer in air with a clean and dry face, at lowest frequency and highest gain settings
Daily and Weekly Checklist
- Machine cleanliness: keyboard, knobs, transducer, monitor, and air filter
- Mechanical and Electrical: wheels, locks, and cords
- Workstation: contrast and brightness settings to reduce eye strain
- Transducer inspection: cables, cracks, and matching layer delamination
Annually or Semi-annually Checklist
- Performance tests:
- Dead zone test
- Vertical and horizontal measurement
- Sensitivity test
- Uniformity test
- Grayscale test
- Axial and lateral resolution test
- Doppler QC tests:
- Signal sensitivity
- Angle accuracy
- Color display
- Flow accuracy
Dead Zone Test (Ring Down)
- Assess the area directly beneath the transducer where ultrasound waves cannot image due to close proximity
- Test setup: 9 fiber reflectors positioned at varying depths (2 mm to 10 mm)
Distance Accuracy Test
- Use a phantom with vertical and horizontal rows of reflectors at known distances
- Measure distance between reflectors using digital caliper tool on ultrasound software
- Vertical measurement should be within 1.5% of actual distance or 2 mm
- Horizontal measurement should be within 3% of actual distance or 3 mm
System Sensitivity/Penetration
- Check key settings to ensure consistent image quality and system performance
- Set ultrasound machine to maximum transmit power for deep tissue penetration
- Image should display horizontal bands due to reverberations
The Paper Clip Test
- Used to detect faults in ultrasound transducer's crystal elements
- Apply ultrasound gel to transducer surface and slide an open paper clip across it
- Watch for consistent line of bright echoes; dim or broken segments indicate possible malfunctioning crystal elements
Adjusting Receiver Gain and TGC
- Adjust receiver gain and TGC to visualize echotexture in deeper regions
- Position transmit focus at the deepest depth possible to evaluate system's display capabilities
Evaluating Axial and Lateral Resolution
- Spatial resolution in ultrasound imaging determines a system's ability to distinguish between objects that are close together
- Methods to assess spatial resolution include counting pins and measuring pin size using on-screen calipers
Contrast Resolution Test
- Evaluates a system's and probe's ability to differentiate between objects of similar and varying densities
- Set frequency according to the probe model's typical specifications and adjust depth based on the phantom model used
The Air Test in Ultrasound QA
- Checks transducer sensitivity and identifies faulty crystal elements
- Operate transducer in air with clean and dry face at the lowest frequency and highest gain settings
Daily and Weekly Checklist
- General machine cleanliness (keyboard and knobs clean, transducer clean, monitor clean, air filter clean)
- Mechanical and Electrical (wheels fastened securely and rotate easily, wheels locks work well, cords attached securely)
- Workstation (contrast and brightness between scanner and ambient lighting in the room to reduce eye strain)
Annually or Semi-Annually Checklist
- Performance test (dead zone test, vertical and horizontal measurement, sensitivity test, uniformity test, grayscale test, axial and lateral resolution)
- Doppler QC tests (signal sensitivity, angle accuracy, color display, flow accuracy)
Dead Zone Test
- Assesses the "dead zone" of the ultrasound system, which is the area directly beneath the transducer where ultrasound waves are unable to image due to close proximity
- Test setup includes a group of nine fiber reflectors positioned within the phantom at varying depths
Distance Accuracy Test
- Position a phantom with a vertical column and a horizontal row of reflectors spaced at known distances
- Use the digital caliper tool on the ultrasound software to measure the distance between the reflectors directly on the screen
- Vertical measurement should be within 1.5% of the actual distance or 2 mm, whichever is greater
- Horizontal measurement should be within 3% of the actual distance or 3 mm, whichever is greater
System Sensitivity/Penetration
- Set ultrasound machine to its maximum transmit power for deep tissue penetration
- Image produced should display a series of horizontal bands due to reverberations
The Air Test in Ultrasound QA
- Set ultrasound machine to its routine clinical preset, adjust frequency to its lowest value, and maximize overall gain and time gain compensation
- Activate transducer in the air, ensuring that the face is clean and dry
- Observe image for horizontal reverberation bands, which can be used to assess uniformity across the image and transducer sensitivity
The Paper Clip Test
- Primary purpose is to detect faults in the ultrasound transducer's crystal elements
- Apply a small amount of ultrasound gel to the transducer's surface to aid ultrasound wave transmission
- Slide an open paper clip gently across the transducer while the ultrasound system is on and displaying an image
Importance of Ultrasound Quality Assurance
- Ensures the system is correctly set up and operates according to specified standards
- Helps maintain consistent performance of the ultrasound system over time
- Identifies and addresses potential issues at their earliest stage before they affect diagnostic accuracy
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Description
This quiz covers the importance of quality assurance in ultrasound, ensuring correct setup and operation, maintaining consistent performance, and identifying potential issues.