Ultrasound Image Production in US
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Questions and Answers

Where should the object be for the best ultrasound image?

  • At the far field
  • At the interface
  • At the boundary
  • At the focal zone (correct)
  • What kind of reflection occurs when there is a small difference in acoustic impedance ($ ext{ΔZ}$) between two tissues?

  • High reflection
  • No reflection
  • Low reflection (correct)
  • Moderate reflection
  • What material is commonly used between the transducer and patients' skin to aid ultrasound imaging?

  • Water
  • Thick liquid (jelly) (correct)
  • Air
  • Oil
  • What change occurs to a sound wave as it passes from one tissue to another with different sound velocity?

    <p>Refraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the orientation of the US transducer to minimize refraction?

    <p>Perpendicular to the interface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding large differences in acoustic impedance ($ ext{ΔZ}$)?

    <p>High reflection &amp; low transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for acoustic impedance ($Z$)?

    <p>$Z = pv$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the direction of sound waves as they pass through different tissues?

    <p>It changes direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tissue type typically uses the lowest acoustic impedance in ultrasound imaging?

    <p>Air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is jelly used between the ultrasound transducer and the patient's skin?

    <p>To keep air bubbles away</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    US Image Production

    • Three key concepts affecting US image production: focal zone, acoustic impedance, and refraction

    Focal Zone

    • Objects should be at or near the focal zone of the probe for optimal imaging conditions

    Acoustic Impedance

    • Calculated using the formula: Z = pv
    • Small ΔZ (difference in impedance) results in low reflection and high transmission of ultrasound waves
    • Large ΔZ results in high reflection and low transmission of ultrasound waves
    • A thick liquid (jelly) is used between the transducer and patient's skin to reduce ΔZ and allow easy passage of ultrasound waves
    • When an ultrasound wave encounters a boundary between two tissues with different impedance values, a fraction of the wave energy is backscattered towards the transducer, with the remainder being transmitted through the boundary

    Refraction

    • Refraction occurs when the sound wave changes direction as it passes from one tissue to another with a higher or lower sound velocity
    • To minimize refraction, the US transducer should be positioned perpendicularly to the interface between the two media

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    Description

    This quiz covers three crucial concepts in US image production: focal zone, acoustic impedance, and refraction. Understand how these concepts impact image quality in ultrasound technology.

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