Ulnar Nerve and Palmar Nerves

The ulnar nerve descends along the triceps to lie on the shaft of the humerus between the medial epicondyle and the coronoid process.

The ulnar nerve supplies the flexor carpi ulnaris via nerve root C7 and the ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus via C8 and T1.

The palmar branch of the median nerve innervates the skin towards the center of the palm after perforating the flexor retinaculum distally.

The palmar cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve supplies skin over the thenar muscles.

The ulnar nerve's digital branches supply the ulnar one and a half fingers on their palmar surfaces, tips, and their ventral surfaces over the distal one and a half phalanges.

The dorsal cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve provides sensory innervation to the dorsal skin of two and a half fingers, including the nail beds.

Grey rami communicantes transmit sensory information from the skin arterioles, sweat glands, and arrectores pilorum muscles to the central nervous system for processing.

The superficial branch of the ulnar nerve supplies the palmaris longus muscle and provides sensory innervation to the ulnar one and a half fingers, including their nail beds.

Periarterial sympathectomy is a surgical procedure that denervates an extended segment of the artery to treat distal vascular conditions.

The deep branch of the ulnar nerve passes between abductor and flexor digiti minimi, then between opponens digiti minimi, and supplies all three hypothenar muscles.

Preganglionic sympathetic fibers destined for the upper limb originate primarily from cell bodies located in the upper 6 thoracic segments of the spinal cord.

The flexor carpi ulnaris and the flexor digitorum superficialis are innervated by the ulnar nerve.

The lower subscapular nerve (C5, 6) innervates teres major.

Sympathetic fibers run along the digital arteries to reach an arteriole in a fingertip.

The thoracodorsal nerve is vulnerable during operations on the axillary lymph nodes.

The roots of the brachial plexus are situated in the posterior triangle of the neck.

The anterior branch of the axillary nerve supplies teres minor and winds around the posterior border of deltoid.

The posterior cutaneous nerve of the arm (C8, T1) passes back medial to the long head of biceps brachii and supplies a strip of skin along the extensor surface of the arm down to the elbow.

In a post-fixed brachial plexus, the plexus originates from the spinal nerve roots C6-T2.

The long thoracic nerve, which innervates the serratus anterior muscle, originates from nerve roots C5, C6, C7 and runs posterior to the midaxillary line.

The midcarpal joint, located within the carpus, is characterized by a Z-shaped synovial space that separates the proximal and distal rows of carpal bones.

The skin covering the shoulder region receives its nerve supply from the supraclavicular nerves, which originate from the cervical plexus.

The intercostobrachial nerve, originating from the lateral branch of the second intercostal nerve, consistently innervates the skin of the axillary floor and the medial surface of the arm extensively.

The lateral surface of the arm is innervated by the upper lateral cutaneous nerve, a branch of the radial nerve, and the lower lateral cutaneous nerve, a branch of the axillary nerve.

The posterior cutaneous nerve of the arm, a branch of the radial nerve, provides sensory innervation to a strip of skin located posteriorly over the biceps brachii muscle.

The medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm exclusively supplies the skin of the forearm and does not contribute to the innervation of the arm above the cubital fossa.

The medial and lateral cutaneous nerves of the forearm both originate from the medial cord of the brachial plexus and innervate the medial and lateral aspects of the forearm, respectively.

The posterior cutaneous nerve of the forearm, a branch of the radial nerve, provides sensory innervation to the posterior aspect of the forearm.

The lateral pectoral nerve, originating from the lateral cord, exclusively innervates the upper fibers of the pectoralis major muscle.

The musculocutaneous nerve transitions into the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm after emerging at the medial border of the biceps tendon.

Both the lateral and medial roots of the median nerve contain nerve fibers originating from spinal nerve roots C5, C6, and C7.

The medial pectoral nerve, arising from the medial cord, directly supplies the sternocostal fibers of pectoralis major before innervating pectoralis minor.

The median nerve in the forearm supplies flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profundus muscles.

The palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve passes through the carpal tunnel to supply sensation to the palm.

The recurrent branch of the median nerve, originating from the medial branch in the hand, innervates the thenar muscles.

The medial cutaneous nerve of the arm is a large and consistently present nerve that extends to the elbow.

The medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm and the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm have overlapping territories of sensory innervation.

The ulnar nerve consistently picks up C7 fibers from the medial cord to innervate flexor carpi ulnaris.

The second branch to the medial head of the triceps brachii muscle, also known as the ulnar collateral nerve, innervates the anconeus muscle after passing deep to the triceps.

The lower lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm (C5) emerges from the radial nerve prior to the radial nerve's passage through the lateral intermuscular septum, and it provides sensory innervation to the skin of the lateral arm extending inferiorly to the wrist.

In the flexor compartment of the forearm, the radial nerve's main trunk, situated between the brachialis and brachioradialis muscles, gives off a primary motor branch to the brachialis muscle.

The posterior interosseous nerve, after branching off at the elbow, initially provides motor innervation to the extensor carpi radialis longus and supinator muscles within the cubital fossa.

Within the extensor compartment of the forearm, the posterior interosseous nerve provides motor innervation to a total of ten muscles, including the extensor digitorum, extensor carpi ulnaris, and all three thenar muscles.

Midcarpal Joint

Supraclavicular Nerves

Intercostobrachial Nerve

Upper and Lower Lateral Cutaneous Nerves

Posterior Cutaneous Nerve of Arm

Medial Cutaneous Nerve of Arm & Intercostobrachial Nerve

Posterior Cutaneous Nerve of Forearm

Medial and Lateral Cutaneous Nerves of Forearm

Lower lateral cutaneous nerve

Posterior cutaneous nerve of the forearm

Main trunk of the radial nerve (in forearm)

Posterior interosseous nerve

Muscles supplied by posterior interosseous nerve

Musculocutaneous nerve

Radial nerve

Median nerve (forearm)

Ulnar nerve (forearm)

Ulnar nerve (hand)

Median nerve (hand)

Grey ramus communicans

Roots of brachial plexus

Dorsal scapular nerve

Lateral Pectoral Nerve Function

Musculocutaneous Nerve Function

Lateral Root of Median Nerve

Medial Pectoral Nerve function

Medial Root of Median Nerve

Median Nerve Function

Anterior Interosseous Nerve

Palmar Cutaneous Branch of Median Nerve

Recurrent Branch of Median Nerve

Medial Cutaneous Nerve of Forearm Function

Ulnar Nerve Forearm Supply

Ulnar Nerve Palmar Cutaneous Branch

Ulnar Nerve Dorsal Cutaneous Branch

Ulnar Nerve Superficial Branch

Ulnar Nerve Deep Branch

Subscapular Nerves

Thoracodorsal Nerve

Axillary Nerve

Radial Nerve Function

Posterior Cutaneous Nerve of the Arm