Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the name of the group that strives for a "sovereign socialist Assam"?
What is the name of the group that strives for a "sovereign socialist Assam"?
United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA)
When was the United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA) formed?
When was the United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA) formed?
April 7, 1979
What was the initial catalyst for the formation of ULFA?
What was the initial catalyst for the formation of ULFA?
What year did the Indian government initiate a ceasefire with ULFA?
What year did the Indian government initiate a ceasefire with ULFA?
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The internal divisions within ULFA led to a complete disintegration of the group.
The internal divisions within ULFA led to a complete disintegration of the group.
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What was the name of the military operation launched by the Indian government against ULFA in 1990?
What was the name of the military operation launched by the Indian government against ULFA in 1990?
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What year did the ULFA shift its strategy from armed struggle to emphasizing peaceful negotiations?
What year did the ULFA shift its strategy from armed struggle to emphasizing peaceful negotiations?
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What year was the Assam Accord amended to include provisions for protecting the cultural, social, and linguistic identity of the Assamese people?
What year was the Assam Accord amended to include provisions for protecting the cultural, social, and linguistic identity of the Assamese people?
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When did negotiations between ULFA, the Indian government, and the Assam state government commence?
When did negotiations between ULFA, the Indian government, and the Assam state government commence?
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What year did the pro-talk faction of ULFA sign a tripartite peace deal with the Centre and the Assam government?
What year did the pro-talk faction of ULFA sign a tripartite peace deal with the Centre and the Assam government?
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Who is the army chief of the ULFA?
Who is the army chief of the ULFA?
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What is the name of the military operation launched by the Royal Bhutan Army against ULFA in 2003?
What is the name of the military operation launched by the Royal Bhutan Army against ULFA in 2003?
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Study Notes
United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA)
- Formed on April 7, 1979, by six Assamese nationalists, seeking a "sovereign socialist Assam" through armed conflict.
- Initially a response to perceived economic and political marginalization of Assam by the Indian government, a by-product of the anti-foreigners Assam Agitation (began in 1979,ended in 1985).
- Experienced internal divisions in the mid-1990s, with factions pursuing peace talks and continued armed struggle.
- Government response (1990): imposed Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, Operation Bajrang offensive, and banned ULFA.
Peace Initiatives and Ceasefires
- 1992: Indian government initiated ceasefire with ULFA, leading to unsuccessful initial negotiations.
- 2010s: ULFA shifted strategy to peaceful negotiations.
- 2019: Assam Accord amended, safeguarding cultural identity of Assamese people.
- 2011-2023: Negotiations between ULFA, Indian, and Assam governments led to a tripartite peace deal on December 29, 2023.
Tripartite Peace Deal (2023)
- The deal was signed by the ULFA's pro-talk faction, the Indian central government, and the Assam government.
- Details of the deal's terms are not included in this overview.
ULFA Leadership
- Paresh Baruah (alias Paresh Asom), considered army chief of ULFA.
Military Operations
- Operation All Clear (December 15, 2003) by the Royal Bhutan Army, targeted ULFA, and other groups operating in Bhutanese territory.
Conclusion
- The peace deal potentially opens a path toward peace and growth in Assam.
- Sustainable peace necessitates addressing root causes of conflict, promoting development,and ensuring social harmony.
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Description
This quiz covers the formation of the United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA), its historical context, and the peace initiatives that have taken place over the years. Explore the dynamics of conflict and negotiation between ULFA and the Indian government, culminating in recent developments in the peace process.
