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Questions and Answers

Which statement accurately describes a chemical change?

  • The constituent substances can be easily obtained after the change.
  • No new substances are formed during the process.
  • One or more new substances are formed during the process. (correct)
  • The changes can usually be reversed.

What does the law of conservation of mass state in relation to chemical changes?

  • Matter disappears during a chemical reaction.
  • Matter is not involved in chemical changes.
  • Matter is transformed but not created or destroyed. (correct)
  • Matter is created and destroyed in chemical changes.

Which of the following is an example of combustion?

  • Heating sugar to form carbon and water.
  • Mixing sodium carbonate with calcium chloride.
  • Heating calcium carbonate to form calcium oxide.
  • Burning petrol in a car engine. (correct)

During a chemical change, how are the atoms involved?

<p>Atoms rearrange to form new substances. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction is represented by the formula AB → A + B?

<p>Thermal decomposition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines precipitation reactions?

<p>The formation of a solid when two solutions are mixed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the changes in a physical change be characterized?

<p>The changes can usually be reversed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of chemical changes compared to physical changes?

<p>They usually produce new substances. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct name for the molecule CO2?

<p>Carbon dioxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following formulas represents a polyatomic ion?

<p>SO4^2- (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the prefix used to indicate three atoms in a covalent compound?

<p>Tri- (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diatomic molecule is NOT included in the common list of diatomic molecules?

<p>Carbon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in writing a chemical equation?

<p>Write a word equation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is 'mono-' not used in naming the first element in a covalent compound?

<p>It is conventionally omitted (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the balanced equation for the reaction of magnesium with oxygen to form magnesium oxide?

<p>Mg + O2 → 2 MgO (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a correct formula for ammonium?

<p>NH4+ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of antacids in relation to acid-base reactions?

<p>To neutralize excess stomach acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of chemical reaction is respiration classified as?

<p>Oxidation reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are noble gases generally considered inert?

<p>They possess completely filled valence shell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound is formed when sodium loses one electron?

<p>NaCl (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the formation of magnesium oxide, how many electrons does magnesium need to lose?

<p>2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main product of the conversion of carbon dioxide and water during photosynthesis?

<p>Glucose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond formation typically occurs between a metal and a non-metal?

<p>Ionic bonds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during rusting, which is an example of an oxidation reaction?

<p>Iron loses electrons to form hydrated iron(III) oxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the reaction between NaOH and HCl?

<p>NaCl and H2O (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of gas collection can be used for gases that are denser than air?

<p>Downward Delivery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drying agent can be used for neutral and alkaline gases?

<p>Quicklime (calcium oxide) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ammonia cannot be dried using which of the following drying agents?

<p>Quicklime (calcium oxide) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which collection method is suitable for gases like hydrogen and oxygen?

<p>Water Displacement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of the gas influences the use of Downward Delivery for collection?

<p>Density relative to air (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gases can be dried using concentrated sulfuric acid?

<p>Neutral and acidic gases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following gases cannot be dried using fused calcium chloride?

<p>Ammonia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the electron sharing requirement for oxygen in the formation of water (H2O)?

<p>Oxygen shares 2 electrons total with two hydrogen atoms. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the naming convention of ionic compounds?

<p>Metals forming ions with multiple charges require Roman numerals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should the formula of an ionic compound be structured?

<p>Cation first followed by anion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of covalent substances?

<p>They are formed by the sharing of electrons between non-metals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a dot–and–cross diagram for water, how are electrons represented?

<p>Electrons from hydrogen are represented as crosses while those from oxygen are dots. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked to ensure the correctness of a dot–and–cross diagram?

<p>The correct number of valence electrons and their sharing or transfer. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you include if a polyatomic ion occurs multiple times in a chemical formula?

<p>Enclose the ion in brackets. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the charge of simple anions derived from non-metals?

<p>Derived from the number of electrons gained to achieve noble gas configuration. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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