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Questions and Answers

Which statement accurately describes a chemical change?

  • The constituent substances can be easily obtained after the change.
  • No new substances are formed during the process.
  • One or more new substances are formed during the process. (correct)
  • The changes can usually be reversed.
  • What does the law of conservation of mass state in relation to chemical changes?

  • Matter disappears during a chemical reaction.
  • Matter is not involved in chemical changes.
  • Matter is transformed but not created or destroyed. (correct)
  • Matter is created and destroyed in chemical changes.
  • Which of the following is an example of combustion?

  • Heating sugar to form carbon and water.
  • Mixing sodium carbonate with calcium chloride.
  • Heating calcium carbonate to form calcium oxide.
  • Burning petrol in a car engine. (correct)
  • During a chemical change, how are the atoms involved?

    <p>Atoms rearrange to form new substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction is represented by the formula AB → A + B?

    <p>Thermal decomposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines precipitation reactions?

    <p>The formation of a solid when two solutions are mixed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the changes in a physical change be characterized?

    <p>The changes can usually be reversed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of chemical changes compared to physical changes?

    <p>They usually produce new substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct name for the molecule CO2?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following formulas represents a polyatomic ion?

    <p>SO4^2-</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prefix used to indicate three atoms in a covalent compound?

    <p>Tri-</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diatomic molecule is NOT included in the common list of diatomic molecules?

    <p>Carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in writing a chemical equation?

    <p>Write a word equation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is 'mono-' not used in naming the first element in a covalent compound?

    <p>It is conventionally omitted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the balanced equation for the reaction of magnesium with oxygen to form magnesium oxide?

    <p>Mg + O2 → 2 MgO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a correct formula for ammonium?

    <p>NH4+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of antacids in relation to acid-base reactions?

    <p>To neutralize excess stomach acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of chemical reaction is respiration classified as?

    <p>Oxidation reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are noble gases generally considered inert?

    <p>They possess completely filled valence shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound is formed when sodium loses one electron?

    <p>NaCl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the formation of magnesium oxide, how many electrons does magnesium need to lose?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main product of the conversion of carbon dioxide and water during photosynthesis?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond formation typically occurs between a metal and a non-metal?

    <p>Ionic bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during rusting, which is an example of an oxidation reaction?

    <p>Iron loses electrons to form hydrated iron(III) oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between NaOH and HCl?

    <p>NaCl and H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of gas collection can be used for gases that are denser than air?

    <p>Downward Delivery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drying agent can be used for neutral and alkaline gases?

    <p>Quicklime (calcium oxide)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ammonia cannot be dried using which of the following drying agents?

    <p>Quicklime (calcium oxide)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which collection method is suitable for gases like hydrogen and oxygen?

    <p>Water Displacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of the gas influences the use of Downward Delivery for collection?

    <p>Density relative to air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gases can be dried using concentrated sulfuric acid?

    <p>Neutral and acidic gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following gases cannot be dried using fused calcium chloride?

    <p>Ammonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electron sharing requirement for oxygen in the formation of water (H2O)?

    <p>Oxygen shares 2 electrons total with two hydrogen atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes the naming convention of ionic compounds?

    <p>Metals forming ions with multiple charges require Roman numerals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the formula of an ionic compound be structured?

    <p>Cation first followed by anion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of covalent substances?

    <p>They are formed by the sharing of electrons between non-metals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a dot–and–cross diagram for water, how are electrons represented?

    <p>Electrons from hydrogen are represented as crosses while those from oxygen are dots.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be checked to ensure the correctness of a dot–and–cross diagram?

    <p>The correct number of valence electrons and their sharing or transfer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you include if a polyatomic ion occurs multiple times in a chemical formula?

    <p>Enclose the ion in brackets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the charge of simple anions derived from non-metals?

    <p>Derived from the number of electrons gained to achieve noble gas configuration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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