UGA Class Purchasing Flashcards
71 Questions
100 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the '80/20' Rule referring to?

  • A method for managing inventory
  • A principle stating a small number yields most of the output (correct)
  • A guideline for pricing strategies
  • None of the above
  • What is an addendum?

    A written change, addition, alteration, correction, or revision to a bid, proposal, or contract document.

    What does auctioning entail?

    Telling a supplier the price(s) of another supplier to allow the former supplier to submit the lowest price.

    What is a bid bond?

    <p>An insurance agreement that guarantees the bidder will not withdraw the bid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a bidder's list?

    <p>A list of companies maintained by the purchasing office of suppliers and contractors who wish to bid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define a capital asset.

    <p>All tangible property which cannot easily be converted into cash and is usually held for a long period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes a capital budget?

    <p>The first year of the Capital Improvements Plan as approved by the Commission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a capital project?

    <p>A project that results in the purchase or construction of capital assets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a centralized purchasing system?

    <p>A system where purchasing functions reside in a singular business unit that buys on behalf of the entire organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define collusion in a purchasing context.

    <p>An agreement between two or more persons to limit open competition by deceiving or defrauding the government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are combination performance and design specifications?

    <p>The most common type of specification, including important characteristics for the end result.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a cooperative purchasing arrangement?

    <p>Two or more entities purchasing jointly to achieve lower unit prices and reduced costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Davis-Bacon Act?

    <p>A United States federal law that requires paying prevailing wages on public works projects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does decentralized purchasing mean?

    <p>Each user department buys for itself based on its own needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define design specifications.

    <p>Specifications that describe the characteristics and features of the product or equipment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is direct pay?

    <p>A payment that isn't processed through Purchasing and involves a direct voucher to Accounts Payable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is economy in purchasing?

    <p>A goal of purchasing measured in terms of cost savings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does effectiveness mean in purchasing?

    <p>A goal measured in terms of obtaining the good or service at the required quality level.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define efficiency in purchasing.

    <p>A goal measured by how well the purchase is obtained in terms of time and staff energy spent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes an emergency purchase?

    <p>A sudden occurrence that poses imminent danger requiring immediate action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an encumbrance in purchasing?

    <p>An amount for which there is a legal obligation to spend in the future, created by a purchase order.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define e-procurement.

    <p>A system that handles some or all of the procurement cycle electronically.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does expedite mean in a purchasing context?

    <p>To execute promptly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does FIFO stand for?

    <p>First in first out.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does FOB Delivered mean?

    <p>Buyer takes ownership of the goods from the seller at the buyer's delivery location.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define FOB Source.

    <p>Buyer takes ownership of the goods at the seller's shipping point.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a formal procurement?

    <p>A procurement exceeding a dollar threshold requiring legal parameters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is governmental purchasing?

    <p>A system of policies and procedures for acquiring goods and services for the government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an informal bid?

    <p>A small dollar procurement method not requiring legal advertising.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does LIFO mean?

    <p>Last in first out.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a line function in purchasing?

    <p>A role that strives to achieve savings for the government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define materials management.

    <p>The movement of materials through an organization including inventory and buying.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an operating budget?

    <p>A detailed projection of estimated income and expenses over a given period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a payment bond?

    <p>A contractual instrument guaranteeing subcontractors will be paid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a performance bond do?

    <p>Protects the public entity from loss due to the bidder's inability to complete the contract.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are performance specifications?

    <p>Specifications that focus on what the product or equipment should accomplish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are public works?

    <p>Projects financed by the government for community use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is pre-encumbrance?

    <p>An expected spend amount without a legal obligation, created by a requisition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does pre-qualification involve?

    <p>The screening of potential vendors based on various factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is procurement?

    <p>The acquisition process of goods and services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a purchase order?

    <p>A document issued by a buyer to a seller indicating ordered products or services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define purchasing authority.

    <p>The authority delegated to a purchasing system, usually through a local ordinance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purchasing cycle?

    <p>The steps that an organization goes through when making a purchase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requisition?

    <p>A document generated to notify the purchasing office of required items and quantities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean to be responsible in purchasing?

    <p>Meeting the overall capability to satisfactorily perform.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean to be responsive in purchasing?

    <p>Meeting all terms, conditions, and specifications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a reverse auction?

    <p>A process where buyers communicate their needs, and sellers competitively reduce their prices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the service function in purchasing?

    <p>A role that performs buying for the organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is sole source purchasing?

    <p>When there is only one vendor capable of providing a needed product or service.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define specifications in purchasing.

    <p>An explicit set of requirements to be satisfied by a product or service.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does split purchase refer to?

    <p>A division of a purchase into multiple transactions to avoid formal procurement processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a staff function in purchasing?

    <p>Researching market trends and advising user departments on new products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does standardization mean in purchasing?

    <p>Adoption of a single product or group of products by organizations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define supply chain management.

    <p>Management of a network of businesses involved in providing products and services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does supplier management involve?

    <p>Conducting or supervising an organization's suppliers of goods and services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is tabulation in purchasing?

    <p>The recording of responses to bids for comparison and analysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are terms and conditions in a contract?

    <p>Provisions, requirements, and specifications forming an integral part of an agreement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define ordinance in the context of purchasing.

    <p>A method through which purchasing authority and responsibility is established.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the combination purchasing system?

    <p>A system where large dollar purchases are handled centrally and smaller ones by user departments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the '10%, 90%' refer to in purchasing?

    <p>It refers to the distribution of time spent on higher and lower dollar purchases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does a bid need to be advertised?

    <p>When it is valued at $100,000 or more.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What establishes purchasing authority?

    <p>Ordinance or regulations, which become policy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between policies and procedures?

    <p>Policies are broader, while procedures should be specific and detailed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the determining factors for centralizing or decentralizing purchasing?

    <p>The government's size and budget.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the advantages of a centralized purchasing system?

    <p>Greater savings through volume buying, reduced costs, and standardized purchases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of a decentralized purchasing system?

    <p>The user department knows exactly what is needed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a combined centralized/decentralized purchasing system allow?

    <p>Larger dollar purchases are handled centrally while smaller purchases are done quickly by user departments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must purchasing have to be effective?

    <p>Both authority and responsibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What establishes purchasing authority?

    <p>Policy, procedures, rules, and regulations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What support is essential for implementing a centralized purchasing system?

    <p>Support from elected/appointed officials and consensus from user departments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the steps in the purchasing process called?

    <p>Purchasing cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Purchasing Fundamentals

    • "80/20" Rule: A business principle indicating that a small fraction of inputs (20%) often accounts for most outputs (80%).
    • Addendum: A written amendment to contracts or proposals that includes changes or corrections.
    • Auctioning: Disclosing competitor prices to allow suppliers to lower their bids.
    • Bid Bond: A guarantee that a bidder will not withdraw their proposal, typically requiring 5% of the bid amount.
    • Bidder's List: A compilation of suppliers eligible to submit bids for specific products or services.
    • Capital Asset: Long-term tangible assets such as real estate and equipment, not easily liquidated.
    • Capital Budget: The annual financial plan for capital improvements approved by governing bodies.
    • Capital Project: Initiates the acquisition or construction of capital assets, such as land or buildings.

    Purchasing Systems

    • Centralized Purchasing System: All purchasing decisions are made by a single unit for the whole organization, promoting efficiency.
    • Decentralized Purchasing System: Individual departments conduct their own purchases based on specific needs.
    • Combination Purchasing System: Centralized handling of large purchases while allowing departments to manage smaller purchases independently.

    Compliance and Regulations

    • Collusion: Illegal agreement between parties to restrict competition, undermining fairness in procurement.
    • Davis-Bacon Act of 1931: A federal law mandating prevailing wage payments on public works projects to ensure fair labor practices.
    • Informal Bid: A simplified purchase procedure for small dollar amounts that bypasses formal advertising requirements.

    Procurement Processes

    • Competitive Sealed Bidding: A formal method of soliciting bids where price is the primary determining factor.
    • Competitive Sealed Proposal: Proposals submitted in sealed envelopes to be reviewed publicly at a predetermined time.
    • Emergency Purchase: Procurements made in urgent situations to prevent significant loss or harm.

    Financial Instruments

    • Payment Bond: Guarantees payment to subcontractors for labor and materials, often secured by various financial instruments.
    • Performance Bond: Protects public entities from losses if a contractor fails to complete their obligations as specified.

    Purchasing Goals

    • Goals include efficiency (minimizing time and resources), effectiveness (quality of obtained goods/services), and economy (cost savings).
    • A sound purchasing system prevents waste, ensures fair competition, and maximizes savings for taxpayers.

    Key Processes and Practices

    • Specifications: Detailed requirements for products or services, crucial in the procurement process for consistency and compliance.
    • Pre-Qualification: Screening of contractors to develop a qualified supplier list based on financial and reputational criteria.
    • Requisition: A formal request from a department to the purchasing office detailing required items, quantities, and timelines.

    Roles within Purchasing

    • Staff Function: Research and advisory roles aiming to inform user departments and optimize purchasing decisions.
    • Service Function: Direct purchasing roles that supply the needs of departments for efficient operation.
    • Line Function: Focuses on achieving savings for government through strategic purchasing decisions.

    Market Engagement and Strategy

    • Reverse Auction: A competitive bidding process where sellers lower prices in response to buyer needs.
    • Commodity Management: Responsible procurement for specific goods and services to streamline purchasing.

    Additional Definitions

    • Encumbrance: Future financial obligations made through purchase orders without immediate spending.
    • Specifications: Explicit criteria essential for performing jobs or services effectively.
    • Standardization: The unification of products across departments or organizations to enhance efficiency.

    Local Government Purchasing

    • Policies and regulations establish purchasing authority for local jurisdictions, ensuring structured governance.
    • Common exemptions include utilities, legal fees, and training costs, recognized as necessary purchases outside standard processes.

    Overall Importance

    • Effective purchasing is vital for optimizing government spending, ensuring fair practices, and achieving the best value for taxpayers through a comprehensive and well-structured system.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Test your knowledge on key terms and principles from the UGA Purchasing class with these flashcards. Learn important concepts like the '80/20' rule and the definition of an addendum in the context of contracts and proposals.

    More Like This

    Purchasing Management Practices Quiz
    10 questions
    Purchasing Management Process Chapter 3
    42 questions
    Purchasing and Supply Chain Management
    48 questions
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser