UCSP 11 1st Semester Midsem Exam Reviewer

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary distinction between nationality and ethnicity?

Nationality and ethnicity are synonymous terms.

Nationality is based on language proficiency, while ethnicity is tied to cultural traditions.

Nationality refers to racial categorization, while ethnicity is about national identity.

Nationality is linked to citizenship or birth, while ethnicity involves shared experiences. (correct)

What term describes a belief that one's own culture is superior to others?

Cultural Pluralism

Cultural Relativism

Ethnocentrism (correct)

Cultural Homogeneity

Which concept emphasizes understanding a culture from its own perspective?

Social Categorization

National Identity

Ethnocentrism

Cultural Relativism (correct)

According to social categorization theories, what is the behavior of groups striving for identity called?

Identity formation Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of ethnocentrism on social groups?

It leads to the formation of in-groups and out-groups. Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a characteristic of race as discussed in the context?

A concept with rigid definitions linked to cultural practices. Signup and view all the answers

An ethnolinguistic minority refers to what?

Smaller groups with distinct languages and cultures. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a downside of cultural variations?

It can cause misunderstandings and conflicts. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of religion according to Emile Durkheim?

To stimulate faith through organized practices Signup and view all the answers

How did Karl Marx define religion in his analysis?

As the opium of the people Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following belief systems includes ancestor worship?

Animism Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, which of the following religious patterns is characterized by the belief in multiple gods?

Polytheism Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'sacred' refer to in the context of Durkheim's definitions?

Things that are esteemed and revered Signup and view all the answers

What is a vital function of religion as described in the content?

To require adherence to its rules Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT correlated with religion based on the information provided?

Health outcomes Signup and view all the answers

Filipino Sign Language (FSL) is unique because it is:

The only language in the Philippines that is not spoken Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first to try and label his own community, which included same-gender attraction?

Karl Heinrich Ulrichs Signup and view all the answers

Which term did Karoly Maria Kertbeny coin in the 19th century?

Homosexuality Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Urning' refer to?

Men attracted to men Signup and view all the answers

In which decade did the term 'transgender' begin to gain acceptance?

1960s Signup and view all the answers

What was the nature of Kertbeny's open letter to the Prussian minister of justice?

It argued for the acceptance of same-gender attraction Signup and view all the answers

Who was a key figure in popularizing the term 'transgender' in relation to gender identity?

Virginia Prince Signup and view all the answers

When did activists reclaim the term 'gay' as a point of pride?

Late 1960s Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the LGBTQ+ community does the Q in LGBTQ+ often represent?

Queer and questioning Signup and view all the answers

What significant event initiated a point of change for the LGBTQ community in 1969?

The Stonewall Riots Signup and view all the answers

Which period saw the introduction of Western gender roles affecting local practices in the Philippines?

Spanish colonial period Signup and view all the answers

Which concept was used by the LGBTQ community to describe individuals exploring their identity?

Queer Signup and view all the answers

Who founded the non-profit organization Home for the Golden Gays in 1975?

Justo Justo Signup and view all the answers

What was a common method of persecution against the LGBTQ community historically?

Public trials Signup and view all the answers

What role did male babaylans play in pre-colonial Philippine society?

Community leaders and priests Signup and view all the answers

What societal influence led to the decline of gender crossing practices in the Philippines?

Patriarchy and machismo Signup and view all the answers

What kept the LGBTQ bars operating despite the extortion from mafia owners?

Their status as safe spaces Signup and view all the answers

What issue did the underground women's organization MAKIBAKA address in its position paper?

Sexual orientation issues in the movement Signup and view all the answers

Which organization is NOT mentioned as part of the LGBTQIA+ movement in the 1990s?

Gays for Equality Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the belief systems during the pre-colonial period in the Philippines?

A dual belief in physical existence and spirituality Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about political affiliations is correct?

Political affiliations exist on a spectrum, typically left or right. Signup and view all the answers

During the colonial period in the Philippines, which institution had significant political power?

The Spanish friars Signup and view all the answers

The Malolos Constitution signifies what crucial aspect of Philippine governance?

The need for separation between Church and State Signup and view all the answers

How did the feminist movement of the past view lesbian concerns?

As a minor distraction from core women's issues Signup and view all the answers

What was a key feature of spirituality in pre-colonial Philippine society?

There was no clear distinction between sacred and profane activities. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ethnicity, Nationality, and Language

Nationality is linked to being part of a nation, established through birth or legal means like naturalization.
Ethnicity signifies self-consciousness among people sharing common experiences, transcending mere racial definitions.
Race categorizes humans based on shared physical or social attributes, not strictly linked to culture.
Cultural variations highlight diversity and the presence of ethnocentrism, where one's culture is seen as a standard.
Ethnocentrism leads to forming in-groups and out-groups, fostering prejudice and identity conflicts.
Cultural relativism promotes understanding cultures from their own perspectives.
In the Philippines, ethnolinguistic minorities represent smaller cultural communities, with Filipino Sign Language as a unique non-spoken language.

Religion, Belief System, and Socioeconomic Status

Religion derives from Latin "religo," indicating a binding to a set of beliefs about life’s mysteries.
Emile Durkheim: distinguishes between the profane (everyday life) and the sacred (which is revered).
Karl Marx described religion as the "opium of the people," serving to sustain class inequalities.
Max Weber posited that religion influences societal behaviors, acting as a potential agent for social change.
Various religious patterns include supernaturalism, animism, totemism, theism, polytheism, and monotheism.
Religion correlates with factors like social class, political views, education, and attitudes toward societal issues.

SOGIE (Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression)

LGBTQ terminology has evolved over centuries, with "Lesbian" recognized since the 17th century through the works of Sappho.
"Gay" was first labeled by Karl Heinrich Ulrichs in the 19th century, advocating for recognition of same-gender attraction.
"Transgender" emerged in the 1960s, distinguishing sex from gender, led by activists like Virginia Prince.
"Queer" is a more recent addition reflecting a spectrum of identities, originally used in the early 20th century.
Persecution of the LGBTQ community has included social condemnation and systemic exclusion.
The Stonewall Riots in 1969 represent a pivotal moment in the fight for LGBTQ rights, igniting activism and community organization.

LGBTQIA+ Community in the Philippines

Pre-colonial gender crossers, such as babaylans, held respected roles before colonial influences imposed patriarchal norms.
Spanish colonial times introduced rigid gender roles, undermining indigenous practices of gender fluidity.
The American colonial period enforced Western ideas of gender and sexuality in education systems.
Justo Justo founded the Home for the Golden Gays in 1975, addressing the needs of elderly LGBTQ individuals in the Philippines.
The lesbian community gained recognition in the 1980s-1990s, pushing for visibility in broader feminist and gay rights movements.
The emergence of LGBTQIA+ organizations in the 1990s included groups like CLIC and UP Babaylan, advocating for rights and visibility.

Political Affiliations & Belief Systems

Political affiliations reflect an individual's stance on the political spectrum, typically categorized as left or right.
Belief systems encompass principles forming the foundation of religion, philosophy, or moral codes.
Pre-colonial Filipinos practiced animism, blending spirituality with everyday life, impacting political leadership.
During Spanish rule, there was no separation of church and state; religious leaders influenced political matters.
The Malolos Constitution marked Philippine independence in 1898, emphasizing the separation of church and state principles.

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Description

Prepare for your UCSP 11 exam with this comprehensive midsemester review, covering key topics such as ethnicity, nationality, language, and political affiliations. Dive into different belief systems and understand their influence on socioeconomic status and identity. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of these critical social concepts.