Questions and Answers
What are the indications for UCBL?
What are the contraindications for UCBL?
What are the key design features of UCBL?
High medial and lateral trimline, external post med/lat, doesn't impinge malleoli.
What are the common diagnoses for UCBL?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the trimlines for UCBL?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the Carlson modification include?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the design features of SMO?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the trimlines for SMO?
Signup and view all the answers
How can you control hyperextension in an AFO?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the three-point force system for dorsiflexor weakness?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the indications for a full-length foot plate?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the three-point pressure system for valgus?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the three-point pressure system for varus?
Signup and view all the answers
What does it indicate if a patient presents with 1st met head discomfort?
Signup and view all the answers
What nerve is affected if a patient has weak hip flexors after a gunshot to the hip?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the indications for Solid Ankle AFO?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the indications for Articulated AFO?
Signup and view all the answers
What allows for the measurement of the stirrup length?
Signup and view all the answers
What muscle group is affected when a patient has a short sound side step?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
UCBL Overview
- Indicated for hindfoot angulation greater than 10 degrees, mild spasticity, and flexible foot structures.
- Contraindicated in cases of severe spasticity, vertical talus (over 45 degrees), and very severe midfoot break (dropped navicular).
UCBL Design Features
- High medial and lateral trimlines are designed to avoid impinging on the malleoli.
- Includes external posts for medial and lateral support to enhance stability.
UCBL Clinical Applications
- Effective for treating flexible pes planus and hindfoot deformities (varus/valgus).
- Addresses forefoot transverse deformities (abduction/adduction) in patients.
UCBL Trimline Specifications
- Trimlines encompass the 1st and 5th metatarsal shafts, positioned 2-3mm proximal to their heads.
- Full coverage of the calcaneus is necessary, featuring a dorsal wrap and hindfoot post for support.
Carlson Modifications
- Innovative features include sustentaculum tali support, an internal medial heel wedge, and an external medial heel post.
SMO Characteristics
- Increases lever arms compared to UCBL, providing better coronal plane correction.
- Enhances swing phase stability through a broader base of support.
SMO Trimline Specifications
- Trimlines are positioned superior to the malleoli with a dorsal wrap that bisects the metatarsal heads.
- Full footplate support is included, descending posteriorly to permit plantarflexion.
Managing Hyperextension in AFO
- Use a more proximal posterior trimline to avoid impeding fibular neck flexion.
- Consider adding a posterior stop and setting AFO initially in a few degrees of dorsiflexion.
Dorsiflexor and Plantarflexor Weakness
- For dorsiflexor weakness, a three-point force system applies superior force at met heads and distal pressure at the instep strap.
- For plantarflexor weakness, inferior force at met heads and anterior proximal force at the heel are crucial.
Full Length Foot Plate Indications
- Indicated for conditions like claw toe and mid-foot fractures, especially when spasticity or tone is present.
- Promotes knee extension during gait.
Three-Point Pressure Systems
- Valgus management employs medial forces at specific metatarsals and directed forces around the malleoli.
- Varus management requires similar directional forces, specifically focusing on the first metatarsal.
Callus Management
- Discomfort at the 1st met head may indicate excessive pronation; a medial sabloch tab may assist.
- Discomfort at the 5th met head suggests excessive supination; a lateral sabloch tab is recommended.
Posterior Leaf Spring Specifications
- Trimlines should be positioned 1 inch distal to the fibular neck and behind the malleoli, allowing useful rigidity adjustments.
Establishing Forces in AFOs
- The posterior leaf spring can prevent plantarflexion during swing and manage dorsiflexion during stance through a structured three-point force system.
Solid AFO Design and Application
- Solid AFOs cover 60% of the gastrocnemius and require full footplate integration to prevent pressure on the navicular area.
- Suggested for poor balance, significant muscle tone issues, and various gait abnormalities.
GRAFO Applications
- Primarily used in conditions like crouch gait and knee instability; serves as an alternative to KAFO.
- Full footplate support is essential for effective dorsiflexion stops and knee extension.
Other AFO Types
- Articulated AFOs focus on dorsiflexion weakness with specific indications for knee flexion control.
- PLS is indicated in patients with dorsiflexion weakness and no significant stability issues, providing minimal influence at the knee or hip.
Specialty Orthotic Features
- Metal double uprights are suggested in cases of fluctuating edema or personal preference.
- Drop locks are indicated for patients with significant quadriceps weakness to enhance stability.
Key Measurements and Clearances
- Knee clearances should be 3mm laterally and 6mm medially, while ankle joint clearances are 6mm medially and 5mm laterally.
- Stirrup length is derived from specific anatomical measurements, ensuring a tailored fit for each patient.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore essential terms related to UCBL (University of California Biomechanics Laboratory) foot orthoses. This quiz covers indications, contraindications, design elements, and diagnoses associated with UCBL. Enhance your understanding of orthotic applications in clinical practice.
