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Questions and Answers
Individuals who consume approximately 1 unit of alcohol daily have a higher mortality rate than non-drinkers.
Individuals who consume approximately 1 unit of alcohol daily have a higher mortality rate than non-drinkers.
False (B)
Alcohol is estimated to cause approximately 1.8 million deaths globally each year.
Alcohol is estimated to cause approximately 1.8 million deaths globally each year.
True (A)
Delirium tremens typically occurs in individuals with a short history of alcohol usage.
Delirium tremens typically occurs in individuals with a short history of alcohol usage.
False (B)
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) affects approximately 5% of people in high-income countries.
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) affects approximately 5% of people in high-income countries.
Acute effects of alcohol are fully understood regarding their molecular mechanisms.
Acute effects of alcohol are fully understood regarding their molecular mechanisms.
Memory blackouts after heavy drinking can indicate habitual excessive alcohol consumption.
Memory blackouts after heavy drinking can indicate habitual excessive alcohol consumption.
Symptoms of acute alcohol withdrawal include confusion and _____.
Symptoms of acute alcohol withdrawal include confusion and _____.
Alcohol misuse has no link to neurological disorders such as peripheral neuropathy.
Alcohol misuse has no link to neurological disorders such as peripheral neuropathy.
Increased neuronal membrane fluidity due to alcohol consumption affects neurotransmitter release.
Increased neuronal membrane fluidity due to alcohol consumption affects neurotransmitter release.
Low to moderate consumption of alcohol can provide significant cardiovascular protective effects.
Low to moderate consumption of alcohol can provide significant cardiovascular protective effects.
There is a well-established 'safe limit' for alcohol consumption during pregnancy.
There is a well-established 'safe limit' for alcohol consumption during pregnancy.
Women may develop alcohol-related disorders more rapidly than men due to physiological factors.
Women may develop alcohol-related disorders more rapidly than men due to physiological factors.
Drinking alcohol during pregnancy can lead to fetal abnormalities.
Drinking alcohol during pregnancy can lead to fetal abnormalities.
Only direct effects from alcohol consumption can cause liver damage, excluding diet-related factors.
Only direct effects from alcohol consumption can cause liver damage, excluding diet-related factors.
Cerebellar degeneration caused by alcohol misuse is characterized by unsteadiness of gait and posture.
Cerebellar degeneration caused by alcohol misuse is characterized by unsteadiness of gait and posture.
Alcohol use disorder is classified under the DSM-5 criteria but not the ICD-10 criteria.
Alcohol use disorder is classified under the DSM-5 criteria but not the ICD-10 criteria.
Delirium tremens lasts for 1-2 days and is a non-critical condition.
Delirium tremens lasts for 1-2 days and is a non-critical condition.
Thiamine deficiency in heavy drinkers can worsen the neurotoxic effects of alcohol.
Thiamine deficiency in heavy drinkers can worsen the neurotoxic effects of alcohol.
Korsakov's psychosis and Wernicke's encephalopathy are types of neurological syndromes related to alcohol abuse.
Korsakov's psychosis and Wernicke's encephalopathy are types of neurological syndromes related to alcohol abuse.
The term 'alcoholic dementia' accurately describes all cases of dementia in alcoholics.
The term 'alcoholic dementia' accurately describes all cases of dementia in alcoholics.
Cognitive impairments in chronic alcohol users are solely due to direct neurotoxicity from alcohol.
Cognitive impairments in chronic alcohol users are solely due to direct neurotoxicity from alcohol.
Personality deterioration is not a consequence of alcohol dependence.
Personality deterioration is not a consequence of alcohol dependence.
Younger heavy drinkers are not at risk for any neuropsychological impairments.
Younger heavy drinkers are not at risk for any neuropsychological impairments.
Heavy drinkers have a reduced risk of developing major depression compared to non-drinkers.
Heavy drinkers have a reduced risk of developing major depression compared to non-drinkers.
Alcoholic hallucinations are primarily characterized by visual hallucinations occurring during acute alcohol withdrawal.
Alcoholic hallucinations are primarily characterized by visual hallucinations occurring during acute alcohol withdrawal.
The prognosis for patients experiencing alcoholic hallucinations can be favorable if they maintain abstinence.
The prognosis for patients experiencing alcoholic hallucinations can be favorable if they maintain abstinence.
Heavy drinkers are less likely to face divorce compared to moderate drinkers.
Heavy drinkers are less likely to face divorce compared to moderate drinkers.
About 30-60% of child protection cases in the UK are linked to alcohol misuse.
About 30-60% of child protection cases in the UK are linked to alcohol misuse.
There is a direct and simple correlation between alcohol misuse and road accidents across all countries.
There is a direct and simple correlation between alcohol misuse and road accidents across all countries.
Excessive drinking is only linked to minor petty crimes and does not relate to violent offenses.
Excessive drinking is only linked to minor petty crimes and does not relate to violent offenses.
Research suggests that excessive drinking may be attributed to a singular predisposition or biochemical anomaly.
Research suggests that excessive drinking may be attributed to a singular predisposition or biochemical anomaly.
Dependence on alcohol affects approximately 6% of UK adults.
Dependence on alcohol affects approximately 6% of UK adults.
The annual cost of alcohol-related issues in the UK is estimated to be around £7.3 billion.
The annual cost of alcohol-related issues in the UK is estimated to be around £7.3 billion.
Partners of heavy drinkers are less likely to experience anxiety and social isolation than those in relationships with moderate drinkers.
Partners of heavy drinkers are less likely to experience anxiety and social isolation than those in relationships with moderate drinkers.
Flashcards
Alcoholic Hallucinations
Alcoholic Hallucinations
Auditory hallucinations (hearing voices) that occur in people with alcoholism. The voices often insult or threaten.
Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder
Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder
A mental health condition where hallucinations or delusions are attributed to the presence of a substance (in this case, alcohol).
Family Problems (Alcoholism)
Family Problems (Alcoholism)
Alcohol abuse significantly damages family relationships, leading to tension, conflict, and divorce.
Work Difficulties (Alcoholism)
Work Difficulties (Alcoholism)
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Road Accidents (Alcohol)
Road Accidents (Alcohol)
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Crime (Alcohol)
Crime (Alcohol)
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Annual Costs (UK Alcohol)
Annual Costs (UK Alcohol)
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Alcohol Dependence (UK)
Alcohol Dependence (UK)
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Alcohol and Violence (UK)
Alcohol and Violence (UK)
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Multiple Factors (Alcoholism)
Multiple Factors (Alcoholism)
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Delirium Tremens (DT)
Delirium Tremens (DT)
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Korsakoff's Psychosis
Korsakoff's Psychosis
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Wernicke's Encephalopathy
Wernicke's Encephalopathy
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Alcohol Neurotoxicity
Alcohol Neurotoxicity
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Thiamine Deficiency
Thiamine Deficiency
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Neurological Damage- Multiple Issues
Neurological Damage- Multiple Issues
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Increased Suicide Risk (Alcohol)
Increased Suicide Risk (Alcohol)
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Alcohol-Related Brain Damage Spectrum
Alcohol-Related Brain Damage Spectrum
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Acute Alcohol Withdrawal Symptoms
Acute Alcohol Withdrawal Symptoms
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Physical Damage from Alcohol
Physical Damage from Alcohol
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Alcohol's Effect on Nervous System
Alcohol's Effect on Nervous System
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Cardiovascular Issues with Alcohol
Cardiovascular Issues with Alcohol
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Cancer Risk and Alcohol
Cancer Risk and Alcohol
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Alcohol's Impact on Women
Alcohol's Impact on Women
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Fetal Alcohol Effects
Fetal Alcohol Effects
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Alcohol Misuse
Alcohol Misuse
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Low alcohol consumption mortality
Low alcohol consumption mortality
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Alcohol misuse mortality
Alcohol misuse mortality
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Alcohol-related psychiatric disorders
Alcohol-related psychiatric disorders
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Alcohol intoxication phenomena
Alcohol intoxication phenomena
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Alcohol withdrawal phenomena
Alcohol withdrawal phenomena
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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
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Idiosyncratic Alcohol Intoxication
Idiosyncratic Alcohol Intoxication
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Memory blackouts
Memory blackouts
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Study Notes
Alcohol Abuse
- Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to physical damage
- First, directly, it can cause brain and liver damage in several ways.
- Second, often accompanied by poor diet, which may lead to deficiencies of protein and B vitamins.
- Third, increases risk of accidents, particularly head injury.
- Fourth, increases susceptibility to general neglect, which can lead to infection.
Gastrointestinal Disorders
- Common issues include liver damage, gastritis, peptic ulcers, esophageal varices and acute and chronic pancreatitis.
- Damage to the liver can result in fatty infiltration, hepatitis, and cirrhosis.
Symptoms of Acute Alcohol Withdrawal
- Anxiety, agitation, insomnia
- Tachycardia and sweating
- Tremor of limbs, tongue, and eyelids
- Nausea and vomiting
- Seizures
- Confusion and hallucinations
Social Damage
- Excessive drinking can lead to profound social disruption, especially in the family.
- Marital problems and family tension are virtually inevitable.
- Divorce rates among heavy drinkers are high.
- Partners of men who drink excessively are likely to become anxious, depressed, and socially isolated.
- Some women who are admitted to hospital because of self-poisoning blame their partner's drinking.
Medical and social consequences of excessive alcohol consumption
- Annual costs of crime and public disorder are £7.3 billion.
- Workplace costs are £6.4 billion.
- Health costs are £1.7 billion.
- Approximately one-third of all accident and emergency attendances involve alcohol.
- Around 2.9 million (6%) of the adult population are alcohol dependent.
- Around 47% of violence victims believe that their assailant was under the influence of alcohol.
- Alcohol is involved in 30-60% of child protection cases.
- Up to 1.3 million children are adversely affected by family drinking.
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