Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main difference between shield and composite cone volcanoes?
What is the main difference between shield and composite cone volcanoes?
Which type of volcano is known for its low-explosivity and mainly characterized by lava flows?
Which type of volcano is known for its low-explosivity and mainly characterized by lava flows?
What is the typical height range of shield volcanoes compared to composite cone volcanoes?
What is the typical height range of shield volcanoes compared to composite cone volcanoes?
What are the characteristics of the lavas in lava domes?
What are the characteristics of the lavas in lava domes?
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How do lava domes grow?
How do lava domes grow?
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What is the formation time range for lava domes?
What is the formation time range for lava domes?
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Where did a lava dome develop after the 1980 eruption at Mount Saint Helens?
Where did a lava dome develop after the 1980 eruption at Mount Saint Helens?
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What type of lava is typically found in composite volcanoes?
What type of lava is typically found in composite volcanoes?
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Which volcano is known for its catastrophic 79 A.D. eruption near Pompeii, Italy?
Which volcano is known for its catastrophic 79 A.D. eruption near Pompeii, Italy?
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What type of lava is commonly associated with shield volcanoes?
What type of lava is commonly associated with shield volcanoes?
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Study Notes
- Composite volcanoes form through the eruption of various materials on a slope, leading to layering and the creation of a volcano over thousands of years.
- Conduit system taps into a reservoir of magma deep within the Earth, which rises towards several vents at the surface, building pressure and eventually erupting.
- Eruptions consist of lava, ash, and pyroclastic flows, with viscous felsic lava being typical.
- Rhyolite and andesite are two types of lava, with different silica content, found in composite volcanoes.
- Examples of composite volcanoes include Mount Saint Helens, Mount Vesuvius, and Mount Rainier.
- Mount Saint Helens, a dormant volcano in Washington State, last erupted in 1980 and is known for its pyroclastic flows and ash.
- Mount Vesuvius, near Pompeii, Italy, is famous for its catastrophic 79 A.D. eruption that covered the city in ash.
- Shield cone volcanoes, with gentle slopes and large diameters, are made almost entirely of fluid lava.
- Lava exits the vents at the shield volcanoes' center or along rift zones, creating low-viscosity lava flows that spread across great distances.
- Mauna Loa and Mount Kilauea in Hawaii are examples of shield volcanoes, which have frequent eruptions and are known for their low-viscosity mafic lavas.
- Cinder cones are simple volcanoes made from lava exiting a single vent and are known for their steep-sided cones and bowl-shaped craters.
- Cinder cones can be monogenetic, experiencing only one major eruption, and typically have weak eruptions.
- Paricutin in Mexico is the most recently developed cinder cone volcano, forming in 1943 and reaching over 360 m in height.
- Lava dome volcanoes, also called volcanic domes, are created by viscous lavas that are unable to flow far from the vent.
- Lava domes come in various shapes and sizes and commonly occur near the craters of large composite volcanoes.
- Shield volcanoes and composite volcanoes are two primary types of volcanoes, each with distinct features and eruption characteristics.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the different types of volcanoes and why some are cone shaped while others are shield shaped. Learn about the unique characteristics and features of volcanoes, and how they are differentiated based on size, composition, and eruption style.
