39 Questions
What is the main difference between rural and urban unemployment in India?
Rural areas face seasonal unemployment while urban areas have educated unemployment.
What characterizes seasonal unemployment in rural areas based on the text?
It happens when people are unable to find jobs during certain months of the year.
What is disguised unemployment in agriculture as described in the passage?
People are employed but their contribution does not increase productivity.
Why do some months not provide much work for those dependent on agriculture?
As a result of seasonal factors like sowing and harvesting
What is a common phenomenon in urban areas according to the text?
Educated unemployment
Which type of unemployment is characterized by a surplus of manpower in certain categories coexisting with a shortage of manpower in others?
Paradoxical manpower situation
What type of unemployment is indicated by the 'wastage of manpower resource' and people 'turning into a liability' rather than an asset for the economy?
Disguised unemployment
Which type of unemployment is likely to be more prevalent among the educated youth with matriculation, graduation and post-graduation degrees, as described in the text?
Urban unemployment
What type of unemployment is indicated by the 'feeling of hopelessness and despair among the youth' and the 'inability of educated people who are willing to work to find gainful employment'?
Structural unemployment
Which type of unemployment is likely to be more prevalent in rural areas, as suggested by the text's mention of the 'general decline in health status and rising withdrawal from the school system' in families living at a 'bare subsistence level'?
Rural unemployment
Which type of unemployment is best represented by Sheela's situation in the text?
Disguised unemployment
Why can Jeetu and Seetu, Sakal's brother and sister, not be considered unemployed according to the text?
They are too young to be part of the workforce population
Which type of unemployment is most likely to be prevalent in the rural areas mentioned in the text?
Seasonal unemployment
What can be inferred about the availability of healthcare facilities in the rural areas mentioned in the text?
There is a shortage of medical colleges and hospitals
Based on the information provided in the text, which type of unemployment is likely to be more prevalent in urban areas?
Structural unemployment
What type of unemployment is described in the text where surplus labor tends to migrate from rural areas in search of jobs?
Structural unemployment
In the context of the text, what type of unemployment has led to a decline in the population's dependence on agriculture?
Disguised unemployment
What type of unemployment is exemplified by the scenario where surplus labor moves from agriculture to seek jobs due to technological advancements like the improved plough?
Frictional unemployment
Which type of unemployment is NOT explicitly mentioned in the text as a factor affecting the employment scenario?
Full employment
What type of unemployment is prevalent when individuals are employed below their skill level or are overqualified for their jobs, leading to inefficiencies?
Underemployment
What type of unemployment is described in the passage when it states that "a large number of people represented with low income and productivity are counted as employed"?
Disguised unemployment
According to the passage, what is a characteristic of the employment structure in rural areas?
Self-employment in the primary sector is common
What is the reason given in the passage for the presence of disguised unemployment in the agriculture sector?
The entire family contributes to agricultural work, even when not everyone is needed
According to the passage, what is a potential reason for the low unemployment rate in India?
Poor people cannot afford to be unemployed and engage in any available work
What effect did the opening of a school have on the village?
Creation of new job opportunities
How did the daughter who received training in Economics Rationalised 2023-24 contribute to the village's economy?
By providing tailoring services to all families
Which factor led to increased farm yield in the village?
Farmers spending more time in the field
How did the rise in human capital affect the village's economic development?
Created job opportunities in various sectors
What was one positive outcome of the daughter's training in tailoring?
Saving farmers' time for farm work
How did education contribute to the village's economic transformation?
By producing skilled individuals for various jobs
What type of unemployment decreased due to the creation of new job opportunities in the village?
Disguised unemployment
What does the text suggest about the relationship between education and economic activities?
'Economics Rationalised 2023-24' led to the creation of various job opportunities
Which sector saw significant growth in the village after the establishment of a school?
'Economics Rationalised 2023-24' sector
Why did the village experience an increase in job opportunities despite having none initially?
'Economics Rationalised 2023-24' initiative by the government
Which type of unemployment is characterized by people working in low-productivity jobs, often in the agricultural sector, and earning minimal income?
Disguised unemployment
In the context of rural areas, which type of unemployment is more prevalent and associated with seasonal patterns of agricultural activities?
Seasonal unemployment
Which type of unemployment is primarily caused by a mismatch between the skills possessed by job seekers and the skills required by available job opportunities?
Structural unemployment
In urban areas, which type of unemployment is more prevalent and associated with economic downturns or recessions?
Cyclical unemployment
Which type of unemployment involves individuals temporarily unemployed while transitioning between jobs or entering the labor market for the first time?
Frictional unemployment
Study Notes
Unemployment
- Unemployment exists when people willing to work at the going wages cannot find jobs.
- Sakal's mother, Sheela, cannot be called unemployed because she is not willing to work outside her domestic domain.
- Jeetu and Seetu, Sakal's brother and sister, are too young to be counted in the workforce population.
Types of Unemployment
- Seasonal unemployment: people are not able to find jobs during certain months of the year, often due to dependence on agriculture.
- Disguised unemployment: people appear to be employed but their contribution does not add to the productivity, often seen in agricultural plots with excess labor.
- Educated unemployment: a common phenomenon in urban areas, where many youth with degrees are not able to find jobs.
Impact of Unemployment
- Leads to wastage of manpower resources.
- People who are an asset for the economy turn into a liability.
- Causes a feeling of hopelessness and despair among the youth.
- Increases economic overload, as the dependent population relies on the working population.
- Adversely affects the quality of life of an individual and society.
Sectors of Economy
- Primary sector: agriculture, the most labor-absorbing sector.
- Secondary sector: small-scale manufacturing, labor-absorbing.
- Tertiary sector: various new services, such as biotechnology, information technology, and more.
Human Capital Formation
- Education plays a crucial role in human capital formation.
- Health also plays a vital role in human capital formation, as it affects an individual's working life.
- Human capital is different from other resources like land and physical capital, as it can be developed and increased.
Story of a Village
- A village initially had no job opportunities but later developed many jobs, such as teacher, tailor, and agro-engineer, due to rising human capital.
- The village's prosperity began with education and health, leading to complex and modern economic activities.
Learn about the different types of unemployment in India including cyclical, frictional, structural, and seasonal unemployment. Understand how these types vary between rural and urban areas.
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