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Types of Thermometers and Their Usage
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Types of Thermometers and Their Usage

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary site of heat loss in the body?

  • Skin (correct)
  • Muscles
  • Brain
  • Lungs

    • Which process involves the transfer of heat to another object during direct contact?

  • Conduction (correct)
  • Convection
  • Evaporation
  • Radiation

    • What is the term for a normal body temperature?

  • Pyrexia
  • Afebrile (correct)
  • Hyperpyrexia
  • Hyperthermia

    • Which condition requires the body to be cooled rapidly to prevent brain damage?

    <p>Hyperthermia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which population has a lower baseline body temperature on average?

    <p>Older adults</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of Neurogenic Fever?

    <p>A fever caused by a malfunction in the body's cooling mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of assessing a baseline temperature in all patients?

    <p>To detect any changes in body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO)?

    <p>A fever with 38.3 °C (101 °F) or higher lasting 3 weeks or longer without an identified cause</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition does not lead to a change in the hypothalamic set point for body temperature regulation?

    <p>Hyperthermia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are potential complications of fever that are mentioned in the text?

    <p>Fluid and electrolyte imbalance, and acid-base imbalance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of heat produced by various mechanisms in the body?

    <p>Thyroid hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should vital signs be assessed based on the information provided?

    <p>Before and after administering medications that affect cardiovascular and respiratory function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the functions of the hypothalamus in body temperature regulation?

    <p>Production and conservation of heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of contraction of pilomotor muscles (piloerection) on heat loss?

    <p>It reduces heat loss by contracting the surface area of the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method is used to measure body temperature in the intracranial, intrathoracic, intra-abdominal, tympanic, and rectal areas?

    <p>Rectal thermometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of therapeutic hypothermia?

    <p>To lower the core body temperature purposefully</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the measures to lower body temperature in febrile clients?

    <p>Administration of antipyretic medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can increase the risk of hypothermia according to the text?

    <p>Alcoholism and malnutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physiologic response contributes to hypothermia?

    <p>Peripheral vasoconstriction to minimize heat loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does accidental exposure hypothermia occur?

    <p>When compensatory physiological responses to retain heat fail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using hypothermia to improve outcomes after cardiac arrest?

    <p>To decrease the body's metabolic rate and oxygen demand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible physical effect of hypothermia?

    <p>Amnesia and hallucinations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is rewarming typically carried out for a person experiencing hypothermia?

    <p>Covering with blankets and using heating blankets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of thermometer uses infrared sensors to detect heat given off by the tympanic membrane?

    <p>Tympanic thermometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of thermometers are battery operated and can measure oral, rectal, and axillary temperatures over a few seconds to 30 seconds?

    <p>Electronic and digital thermometers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors should a nurse consider when choosing the site to assess temperature?

    <p>The patient's age and level of consciousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should a nurse wait before taking an oral temperature if the patient has been consuming hot or cold foods or liquids?

    <p>To ensure the accuracy of the reading</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for oral temperature?

    <p>$35.9 - 37.5 °C$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using a disposable single-use thermometer?

    <p>It is non-breakable and provides rapid temperature measurement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a temporal artery thermometer measure body temperature?

    <p>By detecting heat emitted by the skin over the temporal artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended method to assess temperature in newborns when oral or rectal sites are unavailable?

    <p>Axillary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of temperature assessment should be avoided when accurate temperature measurement is required?

    <p>Axillary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances should the use of tympanic membrane temperature assessment be avoided?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which site for assessing temperature is considered more accurate than axillary measurement?

    <p>Temporal artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for tympanic membrane temperature?

    <p>36.8 – 38.3 °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which site of temperature assessment is most commonly used in neonates?

    <p>Axillary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method should be used to measure temperature on the right or left side of the forehead?

    <p>Temporal artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be removed before measuring the temperature using the temporal artery method?

    <p>Clothing covering the temporal area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where should the probe be placed for axillary temperature measurement?

    <p>In the center of the axilla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which site should not be used for temperature measurement if open lesions or abrasions are present?

    <p>Tympanic membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Body Temperature Regulation

    • Primary site of heat loss in the body: skin
    • Conduction: process of transferring heat to another object during direct contact
    • Normal body temperature: euthermia
    • Hyperthermia: condition requiring rapid cooling to prevent brain damage

    Body Temperature Assessment

    • Baseline temperature: essential to assess in all patients to establish a reference point
    • Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO): a fever exceeding 38.3°C (101°F) on at least three occasions over a period of three weeks
    • Vital signs: should be assessed at least every 4 hours or as indicated by the patient's condition

    Hypothalamus and Body Temperature

    • Hypothalamus: regulates body temperature by acting as the thermostat of the body
    • Functions of the hypothalamus in body temperature regulation: integrates information from thermoreceptors, sets the hypothalamic set point, and initiates responses to maintain homeostasis

    Heat Loss Mechanisms

    • Contraction of pilomotor muscles (piloerection): reduces heat loss by creating a layer of still air next to the skin
    • Primary source of heat production in the body: metabolic processes in the liver and skeletal muscles

    Thermometry

    • Thermometers used to measure body temperature in various areas: intracranial, intrathoracic, intra-abdominal, tympanic, and rectal
    • Infrared thermometers: use infrared sensors to detect heat given off by the tympanic membrane
    • Digital thermometers: battery-operated, can measure oral, rectal, and axillary temperatures over a few seconds to 30 seconds
    • Temporal artery thermometer: measures body temperature by detecting the heat emitted by the temporal artery
    • Recommended method for assessing temperature in newborns when oral or rectal sites are unavailable: axillary measurement

    Hypothermia

    • Accidental exposure hypothermia: occurs when the body is exposed to cold temperatures unintentionally
    • Risk factors for hypothermia: older adults, newborns, people with certain medical conditions, and those taking certain medications
    • Physiologic response contributing to hypothermia: vasodilation
    • Rewarming: typically carried out gradually to prevent complications
    • Primary purpose of using hypothermia to improve outcomes after cardiac arrest: reduces metabolic rate and oxygen consumption

    Thermometer Selection and Use

    • Factors to consider when choosing a temperature measurement site: patient's age, medical condition, and the presence of any obstacles
    • Oral temperature measurement: should be avoided after consuming hot or cold foods or liquids; wait at least 30 minutes before taking the temperature
    • Normal range for oral temperature: 36.4°C to 37.4°C (97.5°F to 99.3°F)
    • Advantage of using a disposable single-use thermometer: reduces the risk of cross-contamination
    • Axillary temperature measurement: should be avoided when accurate temperature measurement is required; not as accurate as other methods

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    Related Documents

    N113 Vital Signs and Nutrition Spring 2024 Student handout.pdf

    Description

    This quiz covers different types of thermometers used for measuring body temperature, including the temporal artery thermometer, disposable single-use thermometers, and Tempa-Dot. It also includes information on how to use each type of thermometer and factors that can affect their readings.

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