Types of Synovial Joints

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Questions and Answers

What type of synovial joint is the Glenohumeral Joint?

Pivot joint

Synovial hinge joint

Synovial double-plane joint

Synovial ball and socket joint (correct)

What is the movement that is NOT possible in the Elbow Joint?

Extension

Medial rotation

Flexion

Abduction (correct)

Which of the following joints is NOT a type of synovial joint?

Skull sutures (correct)

Acromioclavicular Joint

Glenohumeral Joint

Sternoclavicular Joint

What is the cause of dislocation of the Glenohumeral Joint?

Excessive abduction or lateral rotation of the arm Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of joint that connects the head of the radius and the trochlear notch of the ulna?

Synovial hinge joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the collective name for the joints that connect the radius and ulna?

Radio-Ulnar Joints Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following joints is structurally a weak joint?

Glenohumeral Joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the Atlanto-Axial joint?

Head and neck Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of synovial fluid in a synovial joint?

To lubricate the articular surfaces Signup and view all the answers

Which type of synovial joint is characterized by a ball-shaped convex surface fitting into a socket-like concavity?

Ball and socket joint Signup and view all the answers

Which joint is an example of a hinge joint?

Elbow joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the joint that connects the atlas and axis bones in the neck?

Atlanto-axial joint Signup and view all the answers

Which type of synovial joint is characterized by a central bony axis surrounded by a bony-ligamentous ring?

Pivot joint Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is the radio-ulnar joint?

Synovial pivot joint Signup and view all the answers

Which joint is an example of an ellipsoid joint?

Wrist joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the articulation of the distal radio-ulnar joint?

Between the rounded head of the ulna and the ulnar notch on the radius Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the joint that connects the humerus and scapula in the shoulder?

Glenohumeral joint Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is the hip joint?

Synovial ball and socket joint Signup and view all the answers

Which type of synovial joint is characterized by reciprocally concavo-convex articular surfaces?

Saddle joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the articulation of the wrist joint?

Between the distal end of radius and the articular disc of ulna above, and the scaphoid, lunate and triquetral bones below Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is the knee joint?

Synovial plane gliding joint and synovial hinge joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the anular ligament of the radius?

To hold the radial head in position Signup and view all the answers

What is the possible movement of the radio-ulnar joint?

Pronation and supination Signup and view all the answers

What is the lateral collateral ligament of the knee joint?

Separates the lateral meniscus from the tendon of the popliteal muscle Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Joints of the Head and Neck

Skull sutures: coronal, sagittal, lambdoid, and squamous sutures
Temporo-Mandibular joint: articulation between the temporal bone and the mandible
Atlanto-Axial joint: pivot joint, allows for rotation of the head
Cervical Intervertebral joint: articulation between the vertebrae in the neck

Joints of the Pectoral Girdle

Sterno-clavicular Joint: synovial double-plane joint, articulation between the sternal end of the clavicle, the manubrium sterni, and the first costal cartilage
Acromio-clavicular Joint: synovial plane joint, articulation between the acromion of the scapula and the lateral end of the clavicle
Glenohumeral Joint: synovial ball and socket joint, articulation between the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula, permits movements such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial rotation, lateral rotation, and circumduction

Joints of the Forearm

Elbow joint: synovial hinge joint, articulation between the trochlea and capitulum of the humerus and the trochlear notch of the ulna and the head of the radius, permits only flexion and extension
Radio-Ulnar Joint: two joints, superior and inferior, united by the interosseous membrane
Superior Radio-Ulnar Joint: synovial pivot joint, articulation between the head of the radius and the radial notch of the ulna, permits pronation and supination
Distal Radio-Ulnar Joint: synovial pivot joint, articulation between the rounded head of the ulna and the ulnar notch on the radius, permits pronation and supination

Wrist Joint

Radio-Carpal Joint: synovial ellipsoid joint, articulation between the distal end of the radius and the articular disc of the ulna, and the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetral bones, permits flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction

Joints of the Hands

Intercarpal joints: between the carpal bones
Carpometacarpal joints: between the carpal bones and the metacarpal bones
Metacarpophalangeal joints: between the metacarpal bones and the phalanges
Interphalangeal joints: between the phalanges

Joints of the Lower Limb

Hip joint: synovial ball and socket joint, articulation between the head of the femur and the acetabulum, permits movements such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, lateral and medial rotation, and circumduction
Knee joint: synovial hinge joint, articulation between the condyles of the femur and the tibia, and the patella and the femur

Synovial Joints

Articular surfaces are lubricated by synovial fluid
The capsule is strengthened by ligaments which unite the bones together
Classified into different types based on the shape of the articulating bones and the type of movement:
- Plane joints: flat articular surfaces, e.g. Acromioclavicular joint
- Hinge joints: only flexion and extension are possible, e.g. Elbow, knee, and ankle joints
- Pivot joints: central bony axis surrounded by a bony-ligamentous ring, only rotation is possible, e.g. Atlanto-axial joint and superior radioulnar joints
- Condyloid joints: two different convex surfaces articulate with two concave surfaces, e.g. Metacarpophalangeal joints
- Ellipsoid joints: elliptical convex articular surface fits into an elliptical concave articular surface, e.g. Wrist joint
- Saddle joint: reciprocally concavo-convex articular surfaces, e.g. Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
- Ball and socket joints: ball-shaped convex surface fits into a socket-like concavity, e.g. Shoulder and hip joints

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Description

This quiz covers the different types of synovial joints in the human body, including pivot joints, joints of the head and neck, and joints of the pectoral girdle.