Types of Surgical Diseases: Hereditary, Congenital, Acquired

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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of cystic fibrosis (CF)?

  • Blockage and damage of blood vessels leading to organ failure
  • Buildup of thin, watery mucus in the respiratory and digestive systems
  • Buildup of thick, sticky mucus that causes respiratory and digestive problems (correct)
  • Prolonged bleeding after trauma or surgery

What is the main cause of the bleeding disorder in hemophilia?

  • Buildup of thick, sticky mucus
  • High level of abnormal sickle hemoglobin
  • Blockage and damage of blood vessels
  • Missing protein (clotting factor) (correct)

Which of the following is a symptom of sickle cell disease (SCD)?

  • Blockage and damage of blood vessels leading to unpredictable life-threatening conditions and organ failure (correct)
  • Buildup of thick, sticky mucus
  • Missing protein (clotting factor)
  • Prolonged bleeding after trauma or surgery

What is the main purpose of solid organ transplant for genetic diseases?

<p>To prevent complications and improve life expectancy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptomatic treatment for genetic diseases?

<p>Replacing the missing protein (clotting factor) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main symptom of hemophilia?

<p>Prolonged bleeding after trauma or surgery, and spontaneous bleeding in joints, muscles, and organs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a genetic disorder caused by?

<p>An alteration in the patient's genetic material or DNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can cause mutations leading to genetic disorders?

<p>Both errors in DNA replication and exposure to environmental factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between genetic and hereditary diseases?

<p>Hereditary diseases are caused by mutations transmitted from parents to children, while genetic diseases may or may not be transmitted (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is an example of a condition that may require organ transplantation?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of transplant involves the transfer of stem cells?

<p>Bone marrow transplant (BMT) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should patients scheduled for organ transplantation do?

<p>Discuss their specific situation and the risks and benefits with their doctors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between hereditary and genetic diseases?

<p>Hereditary diseases are transmitted from parents to offspring, while genetic diseases are caused by environmental factors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can cause genetic diseases according to the text?

<p>Exposure to environmental factors like smoking (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key concept associated with hereditary diseases?

<p>Transmission of physical characteristics from living organisms to their offspring (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes single gene diseases according to the text?

<p>Causing organ damage and anemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of bone growth disorder Achondroplasia?

<p>Short-limbed dwarfism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can genetic diseases manifest themselves according to the text?

<p>At any age (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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