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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of a collector substation in a wind farm or solar farm?
What is the primary function of a collector substation in a wind farm or solar farm?
A switching station is a substation that operates at multiple voltage levels.
A switching station is a substation that operates at multiple voltage levels.
False
What is the objective of distribution system planning?
What is the objective of distribution system planning?
To assure that the growing demand for electricity can be satisfied in an optimum way by additional distribution system from the secondary conductors through the bulk power substation, which are both technically adequate and reasonably economical.
The collector substation can also provide _______________ correction if it is needed.
The collector substation can also provide _______________ correction if it is needed.
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What is a key factor affecting distribution system planning?
What is a key factor affecting distribution system planning?
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Match the following components of distribution system planning:
Match the following components of distribution system planning:
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A collector substation is similar to a distribution substation, but with power flow in the opposite direction.
A collector substation is similar to a distribution substation, but with power flow in the opposite direction.
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What is the goal of distribution system planners when placing and sizing distribution substations?
What is the goal of distribution system planners when placing and sizing distribution substations?
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What is the primary function of a distribution substation?
What is the primary function of a distribution substation?
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A distribution substation is typically the point of voltage regulation.
A distribution substation is typically the point of voltage regulation.
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What is the purpose of surge voltage protection in a distribution substation?
What is the purpose of surge voltage protection in a distribution substation?
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A distribution substation is connected to a sub-transmission system via at least one _______________________ line.
A distribution substation is connected to a sub-transmission system via at least one _______________________ line.
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Match the following components of a distribution substation with their functions:
Match the following components of a distribution substation with their functions:
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What is the purpose of grounding in a distribution substation?
What is the purpose of grounding in a distribution substation?
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What is the purpose of a transmission substation?
What is the purpose of a transmission substation?
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A feeder is a type of _______________________ conductor that runs along streets overhead or underground.
A feeder is a type of _______________________ conductor that runs along streets overhead or underground.
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A distribution substation is typically supplied by only one supply line.
A distribution substation is typically supplied by only one supply line.
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A distribution substation typically operates at high voltage levels, above 765 kV.
A distribution substation typically operates at high voltage levels, above 765 kV.
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What is the function of a phase shifting transformer in a transmission substation?
What is the function of a phase shifting transformer in a transmission substation?
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A collector substation is also known as a _____________ substation.
A collector substation is also known as a _____________ substation.
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Match the following types of substations with their descriptions:
Match the following types of substations with their descriptions:
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What is the primary purpose of a surge voltage protection device such as a lightning arrester?
What is the primary purpose of a surge voltage protection device such as a lightning arrester?
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A switching station is a type of substation.
A switching station is a type of substation.
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What is the typical input voltage for a distribution substation?
What is the typical input voltage for a distribution substation?
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Study Notes
Types of Substations
- There are five types of substations: transmission, distribution, collector, converter, and switching stations.
Collector Substation
- A collector substation is used to connect generators from wind farms, solar farms, or hydroelectric plants to the power grid.
- It operates around 35 kV and steps up voltage to transmission voltage for the grid.
- It can also provide power factor correction, metering, and control of the wind farm.
Switching Substation
- A switching station is a substation without transformers, operating only at a single voltage level.
- It is sometimes used as a collector and distribution station.
Distribution Substation
- A distribution substation transfers power from the transmission system to the distribution system of an area.
- It operates at medium voltage levels, between 2.4 kV-33 kV.
- It transforms voltage and isolates faults in the transmission or distribution systems.
- It is typically the point of voltage regulation.
Distribution System Planning
- The objective is to satisfy the growing demand for electricity in an optimum way.
- Factors affecting system planning include load forecasting, substation expansion, substation site location, and others.
- The acceptability criteria include service continuity, lightning arrester, main transformer, control building, security fence, secondary power lines, and wave traps.
Transmission Substation
- A transmission substation connects two or more transmission lines.
- It can range from simple to complex.
- It contains high-voltage switches, transformers, voltage control/power factor correction devices, and equipment to control power flow between two adjacent power systems.
- The largest transmission substations can cover a large area with multiple voltage levels and many circuit breakers.
Components of a Distribution Substation
- Supply line
- Transformers
- Bus-bars
- Switchgear
- Out-coming feeders
- Switching apparatus
- Switches
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- Surge voltage protection
- Grounding
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Description
Learn about the different types of substations, including transmission, distribution, collector, converter, and switching stations, and their functions in the power grid.
