32 Questions
What does a structure refer to?
A load-bearing system
What must an engineer account for when designing a structure?
Safety, aesthetics, and serviceability
Why are several independent studies of different solutions required when designing a structure?
To ensure structural stiffness
What is required to analyze a structure properly?
Idealizations of member support and connection
From where are the loadings determined when analyzing a structure?
Codes and local specifications
What can the result of the structural analysis be used for?
To redesign the structure accounting for more accurate determination of member weight and size
What are structural engineers required to recognize to classify structures?
The various types of elements composing a structure
Which type of structural member is often referred to as tie rods or bracing struts?
Tensile members
When are beams primarily designed to resist bending moment?
When they are short and carry large loads
In which type of beam cross section does the material used for a beam form the necessary couple to resist the applied moment?
Wide flange cross section
What is commonly used for fabricating a plate girder for very large span beams?
Steel or alumina
Why do concrete beams generally have rectangular cross sections?
To facilitate direct construction in the field
What are precast concrete beams or girders fabricated with before transportation to the construction site?
Steel reinforcing rods and cables
When are beams classified as tapered or haunched?
When their cross section varies
What is the purpose of using steel 'reinforcing rods' in concrete beams?
To increase the load-carrying capacity of the beams
What is a common feature of a plate girder used for very large span beams?
It is spliced or joined together at points where it carries a small internal moment
A structure refers to a system of connected parts used to support a ______
load
When designing a structure to serve a specified function for public use, the engineer must account for its safety, aesthetics, and ______, while taking into consideration economic and environmental constraints
serviceability
Often this requires several independent studies of different solutions before final judgment can be made as to which structural form is most ______
appropriate
This design process is both creative and technical and requires a fundamental knowledge of material properties and the laws of mechanics which govern material ______
response
The loadings are determined from codes and local specifications, and the forces in the members and their displacement are found using the theory of structural ______
analysis
The result of this analysis then can be used to redesign structure, accounting for a more accurate determination of the weight of the members and their ______
size
Structural design, therefore, follows a series of successive approximations in which every cycle requires a structural ______.
analysis
It is important for a structural engineer to recognize the various types of elements composing a structure and to be able to classify structures as to their ______ and function.
form
Structural members subjected to a tensile force are often referred to as tie rods or bracing ______.
struts
Beams are usually straight horizontal members used primarily to carry vertical ______.
loads
Beams are primarily designed to resist bending ______.
moment
When the material used for a beam is a metal such as steel or alumina, the cross section is most efficient when it is shaped as shown in ______.
figure
If shorter lengths are needed, a cross section having tapered flanges is sometimes ______.
selected
Concrete beams generally have rectangular cross sections, since it is easy to construct this form ______ in the field.
directly
Because concrete is rather weak in resisting tension, steel 'reinforcing rods' are cast into the beam within regions of the cross section subjected to ______.
tension
Precast concrete beams or girders are fabricated at a shop or yard in the same manner and then transported to the ______.
jo
Test your knowledge of structural theory, types of structures, and loads with this quiz. Learn about the considerations that engineers must take into account when designing structures for public use, including safety, aesthetics, and economic constraints.
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