Material Ferrous
79 Questions
6 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What type of strength is the ability of a piece of sheet metal to withstand stress in tension?

  • Tensile strength (correct)
  • Shear strength
  • Compressive strength
  • Bending strength

    • Which definition of tensile strength refers to the stress at which material changes from elastic deformation to plastic deformation?

  • Compressive strength
  • Breaking strength
  • Ultimate strength
  • Yield strength (correct)

    • What is the maximum stress a material can withstand when subjected to tension, compression, or shearing?

  • Ultimate strength (correct)
  • Shear strength
  • Fatigue strength
  • Bending strength

    • Which coordinate on the stress-strain curve represents the stress at the point of rupture?

    <p>Rupture (or fracture)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term refers to the measure of how a metal reacts to a specific type of loading?

    <p>Tensile strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which region of the stress-strain curve does material strain change from elastic to plastic deformation?

    <p>Yield strength (elastic limit)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of loading does bending strength specifically refer to?

    <p>Bending</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the technical term for the maximum stress a material can withstand before rupturing?

    <p>Ultimate strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property refers to a metal's tendency to return to its original shape after normal stretching and bending?

    <p>Elasticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property measures a material's resistance to tearing or breaking when bent or stretched?

    <p>Toughness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What enables a metal to carry heat or electricity?

    <p>Conductivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ability of a metal to expand when heated and shrink when cooled called?

    <p>Thermal Expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Examples of metals that must be both tough and hard are:

    <p>Hammer faces and wrenches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property is the measure of a material's ability to allow electron flow?

    <p>Conductivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must a metal first do before it can carry heat away from its source?

    <p>Absorb heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Metals that can carry heat also carry electrons, making them good:

    <p>Electrical conductors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the text?

    <p>Explaining the different types of metallic strengths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between tensile strength and hardness in steel?

    <p>They are directly proportional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as a fundamental loading force?

    <p>Ductility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'fatigue strength' refer to?

    <p>A metal's ability to withstand repeated loading</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property of metals is described as their ability to resist shock?

    <p>Impact strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between tensile strength and hardness for most metals?

    <p>The relationship is not absolute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'necking' refer to in the context of the stress-strain curve?

    <p>The localized reduction in cross-sectional area before fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ability of a metal to resist rotational shear called?

    <p>Torsional strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic does tungsten add to steel when alloyed?

    <p>High melting point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are typical applications of tungsten steels?

    <p>Control surface balance weights and breaker contacts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property do titanium steel alloys possess?

    <p>High tensile strength and toughness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of stainless steel?

    <p>Corrosion resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which materials are stainless steels suitable for in aircraft applications?

    <p>Firewalls and exhaust system components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of heat treating steel?

    <p>To modify strength, toughness, and ductility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material is NOT suitable for use as a structural material without modification?

    <p>Pure iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary alloying element in steel that allows it to be heat-treated?

    <p>Carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is normalising different from annealing?

    <p>Normalising involves cooling in still air, while annealing involves cooling in the furnace.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is normalising important in aircraft work?

    <p>To reduce the internal stresses and strains in welded parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key factor determining the maximum hardness attained by carbon steel during hardening?

    <p>The uniform dispersion of carbon in the steel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does hardening steel differ from normalising and annealing?

    <p>Hardening involves rapid cooling after uniform dispersion of carbon, while normalising and annealing do not require rapid cooling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one method of quenching steel during the hardening process?

    <p>Quenching in water, oil, or brine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are stresses relieved in ferrous metals by normalising?

    <p>To prevent failure due to internal stresses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important use of normalising in aircraft work?

    <p>To relieve internal stresses and strains in welded parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to carbon steel during hardening?

    <p>Steel is rapidly cooled after uniform carbon dispersion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the predictable expansion or contraction of materials at specific temperatures?

    <p>Thermal expansion coefficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ability of metal to be joined by heating and melting called?

    <p>B and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a ferrous metal?

    <p>Aluminum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chief constituent of ferrous metals?

    <p>Iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe iron poured from a furnace into molds?

    <p>Cast iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of iron in its pure form?

    <p>It is silvery white in color and quite heavy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why iron is usually mixed with various forms of carbon and other alloying agents or impurities?

    <p>To prevent it from readily combining with oxygen to form rust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical composition of cast iron?

    <p>More than 2% carbon and some silicon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of alloying chromium with steel?

    <p>Increases strength and hardness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common application of chromium steel?

    <p>Antifriction bearings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of alloying nickel and chromium with steel?

    <p>Enhances high-strength structural applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property does molybdenum impart to steel when alloyed?

    <p>Reduced grain size and increased impact strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common application of chrome-molybdenum steel?

    <p>Both b and c</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property does vanadium impart to steel when alloyed with chromium?

    <p>Enhanced ductility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common application of chrome-vanadium steel?

    <p>Ball bearings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which alloying element is NOT mentioned in the text?

    <p>Manganese</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property of metals is the opposite of ductility and malleability?

    <p>Brittleness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of metal is more likely to break or crack before changing its shape?

    <p>Brittle metal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the property that describes a metal's tendency to return to its original shape after normal stretching and bending?

    <p>Elasticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metals are examples of brittle ferrous metals?

    <p>Cast iron and very hard steel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the point beyond which a metal does not return to its original shape after a deforming force is removed?

    <p>Elastic limit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of metal is more likely to exhibit elasticity in its behavior?

    <p>Hard spring steel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a material's resistance to breaking or shattering when bent or stretched?

    <p>Brittleness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of heat treating steel?

    <p>To alter the steel's physical and mechanical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of annealing steel?

    <p>Heating and cooling steel to relieve internal stress and soften it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which alloying element is most important for the heat treatment of steel?

    <p>Carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes high-carbon steels particularly suitable for heat treatment?

    <p>They respond well to the heat treatment process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of heat treating steel in manufacturing processes?

    <p>It increases the strength and other desirable characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the different heat treatment processes is true?

    <p>Each heat treatment process provides different desirable characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the commercial use of steels exceeding that of any other material?

    <p>Steels can be heat treated to improve their properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of annealing on steel?

    <p>It softens the steel and relieves internal stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of normalizing steel?

    <p>To relieve internal stresses and strains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the hardening process for carbon steel differ from normalizing?

    <p>Hardening involves rapid cooling by quenching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor determining the maximum hardness of carbon steel during hardening?

    <p>The carbon content of the steel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important application of normalizing in aircraft work?

    <p>Welded parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the cooling process differ between normalizing and annealing?

    <p>Normalizing involves cooling in still air, annealing in a controlled environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which quenching medium is NOT mentioned for hardening carbon steel?

    <p>Air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the carbon particles in steel during the annealing process?

    <p>They precipitate out into larger particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about normalizing steel is NOT true?

    <p>It allows carbon particles to precipitate out into larger sizes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Types of Strength

    • There are several types of strength, including:
      • Tensile strength: ability of a metal to withstand stress in tension
      • Compressive strength: ability to withstand being pressed or squeezed
      • Shear strength: ability to withstand shear stress
      • Torsional strength: ability to resist rotational shear
      • Bending strength: ability to withstand bending forces
      • Fatigue strength (endurance strength): ability to resist repeated loading
      • Impact strength (toughness): ability to resist shock

    Tensile Strength

    • Yield strength: stress at which material strain changes from elastic deformation to plastic deformation
    • Ultimate strength: maximum stress a material can withstand
    • Breaking strength: stress coordinate on the stress-strain curve at the point of rupture
    • Reference numbers on the stress vs strain curve for structural steel include:
      • Ultimate strength
      • Yield strength (elastic limit)
      • Rupture (or fracture)
      • Strain-hardening region
      • Necking region

    Toughness

    • Ability of a material to resist tearing or breaking when bent or stretched
    • Examples: hammer faces and wrenches

    Conductivity

    • Ability of a metal to carry heat or electricity
    • Examples: fins on cylinder heads of an air-cooled piston engine
    • Metals that can carry heat also carry electrons, making them good electrical conductors

    Thermal Expansion

    • Ability of a metal to expand when heated and shrink when cooled
    • Metals expand when heated and contract when cooled

    Hardness

    • Ability of a metal to resist cutting, penetration or abrasion
    • Related to tensile strength, but not absolute
    • Examples: tungsten, titanium

    Metals

    • Ferrous metals: contain iron as chief constituent
      • Examples: steel, cast iron, alloys of iron with other metals
      • Properties: corrosion resistance, high strength, high ductility
    • Non-ferrous metals: do not contain iron
      • Examples: aluminum, copper, titanium
      • Properties: high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, high ductility

    Properties of Metals

    • Brittleness: tendency to break or shatter when exposed to stress
    • Elasticity: ability to return to original shape after normal stretching and bending
    • Conductivity: ability to carry heat or electricity

    Heat Treatment

    • Process of heating and cooling carbon steel to change its physical and mechanical properties
    • Types of heat treatment:
      • Annealing: softens steel and relieves internal stress
      • Normalising: relieves internal stresses in ferrous metals
      • Hardening: increases hardness of carbon steel

    Alloying Elements

    • Chromium: increases strength, hardness, and corrosion resistance of steel
    • Molybdenum: increases strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance of steel
    • Vanadium: produces strong, tough, ductile steel alloys
    • Nickel: toughens steel, increases corrosion resistance

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Aircraft Material-Ferrous PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on different types of strength in materials, including tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength, torsional strength, bending strength, fatigue strength, and impact strength. Understand how each type of strength measures the ability of a metal to react to specific types of loading.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser