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Questions and Answers
What is the process called when a sol is converted into a gel?
What is the process called when a sol is converted into a gel?
Which phenomenon is responsible for the colloidal particles appearing as spotlights when a strong beam of light is focused on a colloid solution?
Which phenomenon is responsible for the colloidal particles appearing as spotlights when a strong beam of light is focused on a colloid solution?
What is the main reason for the stability of pure colloidal solutions over several years?
What is the main reason for the stability of pure colloidal solutions over several years?
Which term describes the rapid zig-zag motion of colloidal particles suspended in a liquid or gas?
Which term describes the rapid zig-zag motion of colloidal particles suspended in a liquid or gas?
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Why are hydrophobic colloids less stable than hydrophillic colloids?
Why are hydrophobic colloids less stable than hydrophillic colloids?
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Study Notes
Solutions Overview
- Solutions are homogeneous mixtures where molecules are evenly distributed in a system consisting of a dispersed phase and a dispersion medium.
- Solid solute can be dissolved in a liquid solvent to form different types of solutions based on particle size.
Types of Solutions
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True Solutions
- Formed when solute particles are less than 1 nm in size.
- Remain stable and evenly dispersed without settling over time.
- Common examples include salts and sucrose dissolved in water.
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Suspensions
- Characterized by particle sizes greater than 100 nm.
- Particles can be seen with the naked eye and tend to settle over time, leading to an unstable mixture.
- Cannot pass through semipermeable membranes or filter paper.
- Examples include sand in water or oil in water.
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Colloidal Solutions
- Comprised of particles ranging from 1 to 100 nm in diameter.
- Maintain a stable dispersion throughout the liquid, forming a two-phase system: liquid (dispersion phase) and solid (dispersed phase).
- Colloidal particles appear as clusters and are observable under an electron microscope.
- Can pass through filter paper but not semipermeable membranes.
- An example is starch in water.
Solubility Concepts
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Definition of Solubility
- Refers to the amount of solute that can dissolve in 100 ml of solvent to create a saturated solution.
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Types of Solutions by Saturation
- Unsaturated Solution: Contains less solute than needed for saturation.
- Supersaturated Solution: Contains more solute than necessary for saturation.
Importance of Water in Plant Cells
- Water is a critical component of protoplasm in plant cells and serves multiple functions:
- Transports mineral nutrients within cells.
- Acts as a medium for metabolic reactions.
- Incorporates hydrogen in organic matter during photosynthesis, aiding in plant growth.
- Contributes to cell turgidity, promoting growth and tissue elongation.
Electrical Properties of Colloidal Particles
- Colloidal particles carry electric charges, which can be either positive or negative.
- All particles within a specific colloidal system share the same type of charge.
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Description
Test your knowledge about different types of solutions, including true solutions, suspensions, colloids, and more. Learn about the characteristics and properties of each type of solution.
