10 Questions
What is a characteristic property of crystalline solids?
Regular and periodic arrangement of particles
Which substances are examples of crystalline solids?
Ice, NaCl, diamond
What is a characteristic property of amorphous solids?
Randomly arranged particles
What differentiates crystalline substances from amorphous substances?
Presence of sharp melting points
Which type of solids do not possess an ordered arrangement over a long range?
Amorphous solids
Which of the following materials is an example of an amorphous solid?
Rubber
What is isomorphism in the context of crystal structure?
Two or more substances having the same crystal structure with the same atomic ratio
Polymorphism in a substance refers to:
Existing in two or more forms or crystalline structures under different conditions
What is another term for polymorphism occurring in elements?
Allotropy
Which pair of substances are isomorphous based on their atomic ratios?
$NaNO_3$ and $CaCO_3$
Study Notes
Crystalline Solids
- A characteristic property of crystalline solids is their ordered arrangement of particles over a long range.
- Examples of crystalline solids include metals, ionic compounds, and some covalent compounds.
Amorphous Solids
- A characteristic property of amorphous solids is their lack of an ordered arrangement of particles over a long range.
- Amorphous solids do not possess an ordered arrangement over a long range.
Differences Between Crystalline and Amorphous Solids
- The main difference between crystalline and amorphous substances is the arrangement of particles: crystalline substances have an ordered arrangement, while amorphous substances do not.
- Examples of amorphous solids include glass, plastics, and gels.
Isomorphism and Polymorphism
- Isomorphism in the context of crystal structure refers to the phenomenon where two or more substances have the same crystal structure.
- Polymorphism in a substance refers to the existence of multiple crystalline forms of the same substance.
- Another term for polymorphism occurring in elements is allotropy.
- An example of isomorphous substances based on their atomic ratios is the pair of substances, CaCO₃ and MgCO₃, which have the same atomic ratio.
Learn about the two types of solids: crystalline solids and amorphous solids. Understand the characteristic properties of crystalline solids, such as their regular and periodic arrangement of particles, sharp melting points, and more.
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