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Types of Solids: Crystalline and Amorphous

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Types of Solids: Crystalline and Amorphous

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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic property of crystalline solids?

Regular and periodic arrangement of particles (correct)

Short range ordered structure of particles

Lack of sharp melting points

Random arrangement of particles

Which substances are examples of crystalline solids?

Ice, NaCl, diamond (correct)

Glass, rubber, plastic

Water, oil, alcohol

Wood, paper, cotton

What is a characteristic property of amorphous solids?

Randomly arranged particles (correct)

Long range ordered structure of particles

Sharp melting points

Anisotropic properties

What differentiates crystalline substances from amorphous substances?

Presence of sharp melting points Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solids do not possess an ordered arrangement over a long range?

Amorphous solids Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following materials is an example of an amorphous solid?

Rubber Signup and view all the answers

What is isomorphism in the context of crystal structure?

Two or more substances having the same crystal structure with the same atomic ratio Signup and view all the answers

Polymorphism in a substance refers to:

Existing in two or more forms or crystalline structures under different conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is another term for polymorphism occurring in elements?

Allotropy Signup and view all the answers

Which pair of substances are isomorphous based on their atomic ratios?

$NaNO_3$ and $CaCO_3$ Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Crystalline Solids

A characteristic property of crystalline solids is their ordered arrangement of particles over a long range.
Examples of crystalline solids include metals, ionic compounds, and some covalent compounds.

Amorphous Solids

A characteristic property of amorphous solids is their lack of an ordered arrangement of particles over a long range.
Amorphous solids do not possess an ordered arrangement over a long range.

Differences Between Crystalline and Amorphous Solids

The main difference between crystalline and amorphous substances is the arrangement of particles: crystalline substances have an ordered arrangement, while amorphous substances do not.
Examples of amorphous solids include glass, plastics, and gels.

Isomorphism and Polymorphism

Isomorphism in the context of crystal structure refers to the phenomenon where two or more substances have the same crystal structure.
Polymorphism in a substance refers to the existence of multiple crystalline forms of the same substance.
Another term for polymorphism occurring in elements is allotropy.
An example of isomorphous substances based on their atomic ratios is the pair of substances, CaCO₃ and MgCO₃, which have the same atomic ratio.

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Description

Learn about the two types of solids: crystalline solids and amorphous solids. Understand the characteristic properties of crystalline solids, such as their regular and periodic arrangement of particles, sharp melting points, and more.