4BE3 U5 C2 Obj 4 EMH

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Questions and Answers

EASY What type of fibres are used to manufacture synthetic ropes?

Cotton and wire

Nylon, Dacron, saran, and polyethylene (correct)

Manila and hemp

Steel and natural fibre

What is the core of a wire rope typically made of?

Steel wire

Hemp rope (correct)

Natural fibre

Synthetic fibre

What does the classification 6 × 19 refer to in a wire rope?

6 strands with 19 wires per strand (correct)

6 fibres with 19 strands

19 strands with 6 wires

19 wires per strand with 6 fibres

Why is a hemp rope core used in a wire rope?

To act as a cushion and storage space for lubrication Signup and view all the answers

How should a wire rope be stored?

In a dry place away from extremes of heat and moisture Signup and view all the answers

How should a length of wire rope be removed from a spool?

By rotating the spool on a spindle or turntable Signup and view all the answers

Why is lubrication important for a wire rope used for hoisting?

To reduce friction and prevent rust Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common method of attaching a wire rope to a piece of equipment?

Using a wire rope clip Signup and view all the answers

Why is a thimble recommended in a wire rope eye?

To reduce the strain and wear on the wire rope Signup and view all the answers

How many clips are recommended for a 30 mm rope?

6 Signup and view all the answers

What is the strength of an eye made by using clips?

80% as strong as the rope Signup and view all the answers

In what direction are the yarns twisted to form a strand?

Left-handed Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of twisting yarns in different directions?

The rope gains stability and resists untwisting Signup and view all the answers

How should rope be stored?

In a dry, vermin proof room away from heat and moisture Signup and view all the answers

Why should a rope not be dragged over concrete or sand?

Because it may suffer from abrasion Signup and view all the answers

What should be placed in the eye of a rope when spliced to a hook or ring?

A thimble Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of nylon rope?

It is very strong and elastic Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to the ends of a rope before cutting it to length?

The ends should be seized or whipped Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Saran rope?

Low melting point Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Polyethylene rope?

Absorbs practically no water Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding a half hitch above the timber hitch?

To keep the line from slipping Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the clove hitch?

To attach a rope to pull at right angles Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the figure eight knot?

To prevent the end of a rope from slipping through a ring or pulley Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the bowline?

To form a loop that will not slip or jam Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the sheet bend?

To join together two ropes of equal or unequal thickness Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the round turn and two half hitches?

To attach a rope to a pole, ring, or another rope Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of eye bolts?

To make the lifting work safer, faster, and more efficient Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to prevent the eye bolt from bending and breaking?

Pull the load in the same direction as the bolt Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the shoulder in a shoulder eye bolt?

To strengthen the bolt where it attaches to the load Signup and view all the answers

Why should non-shoulder eye bolts be used with vertical loading?

Because the strain must be applied in a vertical direction Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an eye bolt is loaded at an angle without a shoulder?

The bolt becomes weaker Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using a bridle when lifting heavy machinery?

It allows for lifting with one lifting device Signup and view all the answers

Why should the nuts not be tightened against the eye bolts when using a bridle?

To allow for slight bending in the rod Signup and view all the answers

Up to what angle can the strain be loaded when using a shoulder eye bolt?

45 degrees Signup and view all the answers

MEDIUM What is the purpose of a thimble in a wire rope eye?

To reduce the strain and wear on the wire rope Signup and view all the answers

How should wire rope clips be attached to the rope end?

With the base of the clip against the dead end of the rope Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of twisting yarns in different directions when making a fibre rope?

The rope becomes more stable and less likely to untwist Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of nylon rope?

It is very strong and elastic Signup and view all the answers

Why should a rope not be dragged over concrete or sand?

Because it can cause damage to the rope Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to the ends of a rope before cutting it to length?

Whipping or seizing the ends Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of overloading a rope?

The rope becomes weaker Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a factor of safety when determining the safe load for a rope?

To ensure the rope can handle the load without breaking Signup and view all the answers

Why should rope not be used if it shows signs of wire breaks or sharp kinks?

Because it can reduce the strength of the rope Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using a chain instead of a rope in some conditions?

It is more resistant to abrasion Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Saran rope?

High resistance to acids and alkalis Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of taping, seizing, or whipping the ends of synthetic ropes?

To prevent unravelling of the fibres Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding a half hitch above the timber hitch?

To prevent the line from slipping Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the clove hitch?

To attach a rope to a pole or pipe Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the figure eight knot?

To prevent the end of a rope from slipping Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the sheet bend?

To join two ropes of equal or unequal thickness Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the round turn and two half hitches?

To attach a rope to a pole, ring, or another rope Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of eye bolts?

To make lifting safer, faster, and more efficient Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to prevent an eye bolt from bending and breaking?

Load the eye bolt in the same direction as the bolt Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Polyethylene rope?

Practically unaffected by water Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using a wire rope with more wires per strand?

Increased flexibility Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to 'seize' a wire rope before cutting it to length?

To prevent kinking Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of lubricating a wire rope used for hoisting?

To reduce friction and prevent rust Signup and view all the answers

What is the common method of attaching wire rope to a piece of equipment?

Using a wire rope clip Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using a wire rope with a hemp rope core?

Cushioning and storage space for lubrication Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to prevent kinking when unwinding a wire rope from a spool?

Rotate the spool on a spindle or turntable Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that affects the size of a wire rope?

The greatest diameter of the rope Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided when storing wire rope?

Storing in a humid environment Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the 'shoulder' in a shoulder eye bolt?

To strengthen the bolt where it attaches to the load Signup and view all the answers

When using a non-shoulder eye bolt, what direction must the strain be applied to the bolt?

Vertically Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of not tightening the nuts against the eye bolts when using a bridle?

To allow for slight bending in the rod Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of loading an eye bolt at an angle without a shoulder?

The eye bolt will bend Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of using a bridle when lifting heavy machinery?

It allows for lifting with one lifting device Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum angle at which the strain can be loaded when using a shoulder eye bolt?

45 degrees Signup and view all the answers

HARD What is a characteristic of Saran rope?

Cannot be used at temperatures greater than 50°C (120°F) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the timber hitch?

To form a secure connection that stays tight under a load Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the clove hitch?

To attach a rope to pull at right angles to the pipe or pole Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the figure eight knot?

To prevent the end of a rope from slipping through a ring or pulley Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the sheet bend?

To join two ropes of equal or of unequal thickness Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the round turn and two half hitches?

To attach a rope to a pole, ring, or another rope Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of eye bolts?

To suspend lifting equipment, such as chain hoists or come-alongs Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to prevent the eye bolt from bending and breaking?

The pull should be in the same direction as the bolt Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Polyethylene rope?

Absorbs practically no water and remains buoyant in water indefinitely Signup and view all the answers

Why should the ends of synthetic ropes be taped, seized, or whipped?

To prevent unraveling of the fibres Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using a wire rope centre instead of a hemp rope centre in a wire rope?

To improve the corrosion resistance of the wire rope Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing the number of wires per strand in a wire rope?

The wire rope becomes more flexible Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of wrapping or seizing a wire rope on each side of the proposed cut before cutting it to length?

To prevent the wire rope from fraying Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of not lubricating a wire rope used for hoisting?

The wire rope will experience increased friction and rust Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of applying a lubricant to a wire rope used for hoisting?

To reduce the friction and prevent rust of the wire rope Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of storing a wire rope in a humid environment?

The wire rope will experience increased corrosion and rust Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of rotating the spool on a spindle or turntable when removing a length of wire rope?

To prevent kinking of the wire rope Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of using a wire rope with a smaller diameter?

The wire rope will become less resistant to abrasion Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using a thimble in a wire rope eye?

To reduce the strain and wear on the wire rope Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct method of attaching wire rope clips to the rope end?

Attaching the saddle to the live end of the rope Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of twisting yarns in different directions when making a fibre rope?

It gives the rope stability and prevents it from untwisting under load Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of nylon rope?

It is very strong and elastic Signup and view all the answers

Why should rope not be dragged over concrete or sand?

It may cause the rope to wear out faster Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to the ends of a rope before cutting it to length?

The ends should be seized or whipped Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of overloading a rope?

It may cause the rope to break or fail Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a factor of safety when determining the safe load for a rope?

To ensure that the rope can withstand unexpected loads Signup and view all the answers

Why should rope not be used if it shows signs of wire breaks or sharp kinks?

It may cause the rope to break or fail Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using a chain instead of a rope in some conditions?

It is more suitable for use in harsh environments Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why shoulder eye bolts are preferred over non-shoulder eye bolts?

They provide additional material at the base of the eye Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of loading an eye bolt at an angle without a shoulder?

The eye bolt will bend and break Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of not tightening the nuts against the eye bolts when using a bridle?

To allow for slight bending in the rod Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using a bridle when lifting heavy machinery?

It allows for lifting with one lifting device Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum angle at which a shoulder eye bolt can be loaded?

45 degrees Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using a shoulder eye bolt over a non-shoulder eye bolt?

It provides additional material at the base of the eye Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Types of Ropes

Ropes used for rigging, hoisting, and securing loads can be made of natural fibers, synthetic fibers, or metal wires.
Natural fiber ropes are made from Manila, hemp, and cotton.
Synthetic ropes are made from nylon, Dacron, saran, and polyethylene fibers.
Wire ropes are made of steel or a combination of steel and natural fiber.

Wire Rope

Wire rope is classified by the number of strands and wires per strand.
A common type of wire rope is made with a number of wires laid left-handed around a central wire to form a strand, and several strands laid right-handed around a central hemp rope.
Rope with more wires is more flexible but has less resistance to abrasion.
Wire ropes should be stored in a dry place, away from extremes of heat and moisture.

Attaching Wire Rope

The most common method of attaching wire rope to equipment is by using a wire rope clip (Crosby clip).
Eyes made in a wire rope should always have a thimble installed to reduce strain and wear on the wire rope.
Clip manufacturers provide instructions on how many clips to install for a given rope, which varies depending on the rope size.
An eye made by using clips is 80% as strong as the rope.

Fibre Rope

Fibre ropes are made by combining fibres 2 to 6 meters in length into parallel lengths.
Fibres are twisted right-handed to form a yarn, and then multiple yarns are twisted left-handed to form a strand.
Three or four strands are then twisted right-handed to form the rope.
Fibre ropes can be made into hard, standard, or soft laid ropes, with soft laid rope having greater tensile strength but less resistance to abrasion.

Synthetic Ropes

Nylon rope is strong, elastic, and resistant to mineral oils and greases, but affected by paint, linseed oil, and acids.
Dacron rope has less elasticity than nylon but is more resistant to acid and water, and has a greater tensile strength.
Saran rope is highly resistant to acids, alkalis, and organic solvents, but cannot be used at temperatures above 50°C (120°F).
Polyethylene rope is highly resistant to acids, alkalis, and common solvents, and has high elasticity, but poor resistance to abrasion.

Knots and Hitches

The timber hitch is a secure connection that stays tight under a load, yet is easily undone when the line is slack.
The clove hitch is used for attaching a rope to pull at right angles to a pipe or pole, and can be tied in two ways.
The figure eight knot prevents the end of a rope from slipping through a ring or pulley, and will not damage the rope fibres.
The square or reef knot is used for tying two ropes of the same size together, or for tying together the ends of a short rope to make a temporary endless sling.

Eye Bolts

Eye bolts are devices used to suspend lifting equipment, such as chain hoists or come-alongs, and to connect the lifting device to the load.
Eye bolts should be rated appropriately to carry the load, and the pull should be in the same direction as the bolt.
When using eye bolts, the load should not be pulled at an angle, as this can cause the eye bolt to bend and break.
Shoulder eye bolts have additional material at the base of the eye, which strengthens the bolt where it attaches to the load, and allows for loading at an angle up to 45 degrees.

Types of Ropes

Ropes used for rigging, hoisting, and securing loads can be made of natural fibers, synthetic fibers, or metal wires.
Natural fiber ropes are made from Manila, hemp, and cotton.
Synthetic ropes are made from nylon, Dacron, saran, and polyethylene fibers.
Wire ropes are made of steel or a combination of steel and natural fiber.

Wire Rope

Wire rope is classified by the number of strands and wires per strand.
A common type of wire rope is made with a number of wires laid left-handed around a central wire to form a strand, and several strands laid right-handed around a central hemp rope.
Rope with more wires is more flexible but has less resistance to abrasion.
Wire ropes should be stored in a dry place, away from extremes of heat and moisture.

Attaching Wire Rope

The most common method of attaching wire rope to equipment is by using a wire rope clip (Crosby clip).
Eyes made in a wire rope should always have a thimble installed to reduce strain and wear on the wire rope.
Clip manufacturers provide instructions on how many clips to install for a given rope, which varies depending on the rope size.
An eye made by using clips is 80% as strong as the rope.

Fibre Rope

Fibre ropes are made by combining fibres 2 to 6 meters in length into parallel lengths.
Fibres are twisted right-handed to form a yarn, and then multiple yarns are twisted left-handed to form a strand.
Three or four strands are then twisted right-handed to form the rope.
Fibre ropes can be made into hard, standard, or soft laid ropes, with soft laid rope having greater tensile strength but less resistance to abrasion.

Synthetic Ropes

Nylon rope is strong, elastic, and resistant to mineral oils and greases, but affected by paint, linseed oil, and acids.
Dacron rope has less elasticity than nylon but is more resistant to acid and water, and has a greater tensile strength.
Saran rope is highly resistant to acids, alkalis, and organic solvents, but cannot be used at temperatures above 50°C (120°F).
Polyethylene rope is highly resistant to acids, alkalis, and common solvents, and has high elasticity, but poor resistance to abrasion.

Knots and Hitches

The timber hitch is a secure connection that stays tight under a load, yet is easily undone when the line is slack.
The clove hitch is used for attaching a rope to pull at right angles to a pipe or pole, and can be tied in two ways.
The figure eight knot prevents the end of a rope from slipping through a ring or pulley, and will not damage the rope fibres.
The square or reef knot is used for tying two ropes of the same size together, or for tying together the ends of a short rope to make a temporary endless sling.

Eye Bolts

Eye bolts are devices used to suspend lifting equipment, such as chain hoists or come-alongs, and to connect the lifting device to the load.
Eye bolts should be rated appropriately to carry the load, and the pull should be in the same direction as the bolt.
When using eye bolts, the load should not be pulled at an angle, as this can cause the eye bolt to bend and break.
Shoulder eye bolts have additional material at the base of the eye, which strengthens the bolt where it attaches to the load, and allows for loading at an angle up to 45 degrees.

Types of Ropes

Ropes used for rigging, hoisting, and securing loads can be made of natural fibers, synthetic fibers, or metal wires.
Natural fiber ropes are made from Manila, hemp, and cotton.
Synthetic ropes are made from nylon, Dacron, saran, and polyethylene fibers.
Wire ropes are made of steel or a combination of steel and natural fiber.

Wire Rope

Wire rope is classified by the number of strands and wires per strand.
A common type of wire rope is made with a number of wires laid left-handed around a central wire to form a strand, and several strands laid right-handed around a central hemp rope.
Rope with more wires is more flexible but has less resistance to abrasion.
Wire ropes should be stored in a dry place, away from extremes of heat and moisture.

Attaching Wire Rope

The most common method of attaching wire rope to equipment is by using a wire rope clip (Crosby clip).
Eyes made in a wire rope should always have a thimble installed to reduce strain and wear on the wire rope.
Clip manufacturers provide instructions on how many clips to install for a given rope, which varies depending on the rope size.
An eye made by using clips is 80% as strong as the rope.

Fibre Rope

Fibre ropes are made by combining fibres 2 to 6 meters in length into parallel lengths.
Fibres are twisted right-handed to form a yarn, and then multiple yarns are twisted left-handed to form a strand.
Three or four strands are then twisted right-handed to form the rope.
Fibre ropes can be made into hard, standard, or soft laid ropes, with soft laid rope having greater tensile strength but less resistance to abrasion.

Synthetic Ropes

Nylon rope is strong, elastic, and resistant to mineral oils and greases, but affected by paint, linseed oil, and acids.
Dacron rope has less elasticity than nylon but is more resistant to acid and water, and has a greater tensile strength.
Saran rope is highly resistant to acids, alkalis, and organic solvents, but cannot be used at temperatures above 50°C (120°F).
Polyethylene rope is highly resistant to acids, alkalis, and common solvents, and has high elasticity, but poor resistance to abrasion.

Knots and Hitches

The timber hitch is a secure connection that stays tight under a load, yet is easily undone when the line is slack.
The clove hitch is used for attaching a rope to pull at right angles to a pipe or pole, and can be tied in two ways.
The figure eight knot prevents the end of a rope from slipping through a ring or pulley, and will not damage the rope fibres.
The square or reef knot is used for tying two ropes of the same size together, or for tying together the ends of a short rope to make a temporary endless sling.

Eye Bolts

Eye bolts are devices used to suspend lifting equipment, such as chain hoists or come-alongs, and to connect the lifting device to the load.
Eye bolts should be rated appropriately to carry the load, and the pull should be in the same direction as the bolt.
When using eye bolts, the load should not be pulled at an angle, as this can cause the eye bolt to bend and break.
Shoulder eye bolts have additional material at the base of the eye, which strengthens the bolt where it attaches to the load, and allows for loading at an angle up to 45 degrees.

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This quiz covers the different types of ropes used in lifting, hoisting, and securing loads, including natural fibers, synthetic fibers, and metal wires. Learn about the characteristics of each type and their common applications.

4BE3 U5 C2 Obj 4 EMH

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Questions and Answers

EASY What type of fibres are used to manufacture synthetic ropes?

What is the core of a wire rope typically made of?

What does the classification 6 × 19 refer to in a wire rope?

Why is a hemp rope core used in a wire rope?

How should a wire rope be stored?

How should a length of wire rope be removed from a spool?

Why is lubrication important for a wire rope used for hoisting?

What is the most common method of attaching a wire rope to a piece of equipment?

Why is a thimble recommended in a wire rope eye?

How many clips are recommended for a 30 mm rope?

What is the strength of an eye made by using clips?

In what direction are the yarns twisted to form a strand?

What is the result of twisting yarns in different directions?

How should rope be stored?

Why should a rope not be dragged over concrete or sand?

What should be placed in the eye of a rope when spliced to a hook or ring?

What is a characteristic of nylon rope?

What should be done to the ends of a rope before cutting it to length?

What is a characteristic of Saran rope?

What is a characteristic of Polyethylene rope?

What is the purpose of adding a half hitch above the timber hitch?

What is the purpose of the clove hitch?

What is the purpose of the figure eight knot?

What is the purpose of the bowline?

What is the purpose of the sheet bend?

What is the purpose of the round turn and two half hitches?

What is the purpose of eye bolts?

What should be done to prevent the eye bolt from bending and breaking?

What is the purpose of the shoulder in a shoulder eye bolt?

Why should non-shoulder eye bolts be used with vertical loading?

What happens when an eye bolt is loaded at an angle without a shoulder?

What is the benefit of using a bridle when lifting heavy machinery?

Why should the nuts not be tightened against the eye bolts when using a bridle?

Up to what angle can the strain be loaded when using a shoulder eye bolt?

MEDIUM What is the purpose of a thimble in a wire rope eye?

How should wire rope clips be attached to the rope end?

What is the result of twisting yarns in different directions when making a fibre rope?

What is a characteristic of nylon rope?

Why should a rope not be dragged over concrete or sand?

What should be done to the ends of a rope before cutting it to length?

What is the result of overloading a rope?

What is the purpose of using a factor of safety when determining the safe load for a rope?

Why should rope not be used if it shows signs of wire breaks or sharp kinks?

What is the benefit of using a chain instead of a rope in some conditions?

What is a characteristic of Saran rope?

What is the purpose of taping, seizing, or whipping the ends of synthetic ropes?

What is the purpose of adding a half hitch above the timber hitch?

What is the purpose of the clove hitch?

What is the purpose of the figure eight knot?

What is the purpose of the sheet bend?

What is the purpose of the round turn and two half hitches?

What is the purpose of eye bolts?

What should be done to prevent an eye bolt from bending and breaking?

What is a characteristic of Polyethylene rope?

What is the primary advantage of using a wire rope with more wires per strand?

Why is it important to 'seize' a wire rope before cutting it to length?

What is the purpose of lubricating a wire rope used for hoisting?

What is the common method of attaching wire rope to a piece of equipment?

What is the benefit of using a wire rope with a hemp rope core?

What should be done to prevent kinking when unwinding a wire rope from a spool?

What is the primary factor that affects the size of a wire rope?

What should be avoided when storing wire rope?

What is the primary function of the 'shoulder' in a shoulder eye bolt?

When using a non-shoulder eye bolt, what direction must the strain be applied to the bolt?

What is the purpose of not tightening the nuts against the eye bolts when using a bridle?

What is the result of loading an eye bolt at an angle without a shoulder?

What is an advantage of using a bridle when lifting heavy machinery?

What is the maximum angle at which the strain can be loaded when using a shoulder eye bolt?

HARD What is a characteristic of Saran rope?

What is the purpose of the timber hitch?

What is the purpose of the clove hitch?

What is the purpose of the figure eight knot?

What is the purpose of the sheet bend?

What is the purpose of the round turn and two half hitches?

What is the purpose of eye bolts?

What should be done to prevent the eye bolt from bending and breaking?