Types of Rocks Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are types of rocks found on Earth? (Select all that apply)

  • Fragmentary
  • Sedimentary (correct)
  • Igneous (correct)
  • Metamorphic (correct)
  • How are igneous rocks formed?

    By melting, cooling, and crystallization of other rocks.

    Igneous rocks are formed at plate boundaries or mantle hot spots.

    True

    What texture classification does NOT apply to igneous rocks?

    <p>Foliated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates slower cooling in igneous rocks?

    <p>Larger crystals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are common types of igneous rocks? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Granite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do sedimentary rocks form?

    <p>Through weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, and cementation of other rocks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sedimentary rocks can form from chemical processes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two groups that sedimentary rocks are classified into?

    <p>Clastic rocks and chemically formed rocks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of rock is formed by heat and pressure?

    <p>Metamorphic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do metamorphic rocks typically form?

    <p>Near lava intrusions, at plate subduction zones, and in deep mountain roots.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Types of Rocks

    • Three primary types of rocks on Earth: Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic.
    • Understanding these rock types helps reveal Earth's geological history.

    Igneous Rocks

    • Formed through melting, cooling, and crystallization of other rocks.
    • Commonly found along plate boundaries and mantle hot spots.
    • Classified by texture: Glassy, Aphanitic, Phaneritic, and Porphyritic.
    • Crystal size indicates cooling history: larger crystals suggest slower cooling; glassy forms result from rapid cooling.

    Igneous Rock Classifications

    • Dark Igneous Rocks: Derived from basaltic or mafic magma, around 1000°C, viscous like ketchup.
    • Light Igneous Rocks: Formed from silicic or felsic magmas, cooler (below 850°C), viscous like peanut butter.
    • Common examples: Rhyolite, Andesite, Basalt, Granite, Diorite, Gabbro.

    Sedimentary Rocks

    • Created by weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, and cementation of existing rocks.
    • Formed in environments like deltas, beaches, rivers, glaciers, sand dunes, shallow seas, and deep oceans.
    • Two main classifications: Clastic Rocks and Chemically Formed Rocks.

    Clastic Rocks

    • Composed of weathered rock pieces, classified by grain size:
      • Mudrock (very small particles)
      • Sandstone (medium-sized particles)
      • Conglomerate (large particles)

    Chemically Formed Rocks

    • Include biochemical rocks (from living organisms) and chemical precipitates (from lakes or shallow seas).
    • Characterized by structures such as stratification, cross bedding, graded bedding, ripple marks, mud cracks, and fossils.
    • Common examples: Conglomerate, Sandstone, Shale, Limestone, Gypsum, Oolites, Chert.

    Metamorphic Rocks

    • Result from heat and pressure transforming existing rocks into new forms.
    • Form near lava intrusions, at plate subduction zones, and in deep mountain regions.
    • Contact metamorphism occurs when small areas of rock are heated by nearby lava.
    • Regional metamorphism involves larger areas affected by increased heat and pressure at tectonic plate boundaries.

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    Description

    Explore the three main types of rocks found on Earth: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. This quiz will test your knowledge of their formation, characteristics, and significance in understanding Earth's geological history.

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