Types of Retroposons Quiz

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Which family of retrotransposable elements is known for its high copy number in the human genome?

Copia

Alu family (correct)

L1 elements

Ty elements

What is the characteristic feature of microsatellite DNA?

Has highly variable array size and copy number (correct)

Consists of arrays of long repeat units

Found in heterochromatin

Does not exhibit tandem repeats

What is a characteristic feature of LINEs (Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements) in mammals?

They are autonomous elements

They are processed pseudogenes

They are transcribed by RNA polymerase II (correct)

They lack long terminal repeats

Which statement about transposable elements (TEs) is true?

TEs are highly mobile and can move repeatedly through the genome Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to describe transposable elements that do not have the ability to transpose themselves?

Non-autonomous elements Signup and view all the answers

What type of repeats are typically found in microsatellite DNA?

Tandem repeats Signup and view all the answers

In maize, what term is used to describe controlling elements identified by Barbara McClintock?

Ac/Ds transposition Signup and view all the answers

Which genetic element is known for causing many mutations with major phenotypic effects?

Ac/Ds transposons Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of reverse transcriptase and/or integrase in retrotransposable elements?

Integration of the element into the genome Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic length of transposable elements (TEs)?

2.7 kb Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes short sequences distributed widely in the genome, such as LINEs and SINEs?

Interspersed repeats Signup and view all the answers

Where are microsatellite DNA sequences typically found in the genome?

Euchromatin Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of non-replicative transposition?

Cut and paste Signup and view all the answers

How did Barbara McClintock contribute to the study of transposable genetic elements?

She identified transposons as responsible for mutational changes Signup and view all the answers

What can transposable elements cause in the genome rearrangement process?

Chromosomal breakages Signup and view all the answers

What did the discovery of Ds and Ac transposable elements suggest about their position on chromosomes?

They could physically shift positions within the same chromosome or between chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between non-replicative and replicative transposition?

Non-replicative involves moving DNA without replicating, while replicative involves DNA replication Signup and view all the answers

What role do transposons play as a substrate for cellular recombination?

They provide sites for reciprocal recombination leading to genomic rearrangements Signup and view all the answers