Types of Reactions - Chem Eng 1A

Questions and Answers

HCl + NaOH – H2O + NaCl – this double replacement reaction can also be known as an ______ reaction

acid-based neutralization

When mixing two aqueous solutions then getting gas as its product, this is known as ______ reaction

gas evolution

NaCl + KNO3 – NaNO3 + KCl – When mixing two aqueous elements, the chances of getting a ______ are possible

both aqueous

The chemicals or elements functional groups can be found in the ______ in the periodic table of elements

Table 1 Signup and view all the answers

These are the acetic acid, formic acid, glycolic acid, phenol, ethanol, methanol, ethylene glycol, and ______

lactone Signup and view all the answers

A ______ reaction is something typically that is burning and releases a lot of energy.

combustion Signup and view all the answers

The general form of a Synthesis or Combination Reaction is ______ = AB.

A+B Signup and view all the answers

A ______ reaction breaks down larger compounds or elements into smaller components.

decomposition Signup and view all the answers

The form of a Single Replacement Reaction is A + ______ = AC + B.

BC Signup and view all the answers

In Double Replacement reactions, the general form is AB + CD = ______ + BC.

AD Signup and view all the answers

An example of a combustion reaction is ______ + O2 = CO2 + H2O.

C8H8 Signup and view all the answers

During a decomposition reaction, heating a metal carbonate can cause ______ elements to be released.

volatile Signup and view all the answers

In a Single Replacement reaction, metals can sometimes replace ______ elements.

non-metal Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Types of Chemical Reactions

Combustion Reaction
- Involves burning substances, releasing significant energy.
- Products commonly include carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).
- Examples include:
  - C8H8 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
  - C2H5OH + O2 → CO2 + H2O
Synthesis or Combination Reaction
- Involves combining two elements or compounds to form a larger compound.
- General formula: A + B → AB.
- Examples include:
  - Mg + O2 → MgO
  - MgO + CO2 → MgCO3
Decomposition Reaction
- Breaks down larger compounds into smaller components; the reverse of synthesis.
- General formula: AB → A + B.
- Heat can cause metal carbonates to decompose into carbon dioxide and a metal oxide.
- Examples include:
  - MgCO3 → MgO + CO2
  - HgO → Hg + O2
  - H2O → H2 + O2
Single Replacement Reaction (Single-Displacement Reaction)
- Involves one element displacing another in a compound.
- General formula: A + BC → AC + B, where A and B are pure elements.
- Examples include:
  - Zn + CuCl2 → ZnCl2 + Cu (Zinc displaces Copper)
  - Br2 + NaI → NaBr + I2 (Bromine displaces Iodine)
  - Fe + HCl → FeCl2 + H2 (Iron displaces Hydrogen)
- Non-metals can also displace metals.
Double Replacement Reaction
- Involves the exchange of ions between two compounds.
- General formula: AB + CD → AD + BC.
- Examples include:
  - AgNO3 + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO3 (Silver pairs with Chloride)
- Types of double replacement reactions:
  - Precipitation Reaction: Results in a solid product, e.g., HCl + NaOH → H2O + NaCl.
  - Acid-Base Neutralization Reaction: Mixing an acid and a base yields water and a salt.
  - Gas Evolution Reaction: Formation of gas, e.g., Na2S + HCl → NaCl + H2S.
  - If products remain aqueous, no reaction occurs.
Context on Aqueous Solutions
- Aqueous phase composition is influenced by feedstock and reaction conditions.
- Functional groups of elements can be referenced using the periodic table.
- Common compounds include acetic acid, formic acid, glycolic acid, phenol, ethanol, methanol, ethylene glycol, and lactone.

Description

Test your knowledge on the various types of chemical reactions such as combustion, synthesis, and decomposition. This quiz will help you understand the characteristics and equations related to each reaction type, ensuring a solid foundation in chemical engineering principles. Prepare to identify and differentiate these fundamental reactions in chemistry.