24 Questions
What is the purpose of vaccination?
To induce immunity
What is the term for the degree or intensity level of a pathogen?
Virulence
What is the term for an agent that kills microorganisms by applying to living things?
Antiseptic
What is the term for an inanimate object or material used by an infected patient that may transfer the infection to another person?
Fomite
What is the term for a protein that is formed as a result of the immune response to an antigen?
Antibody
What is the term for the process by which all forms of life are killed?
Sterilization
What is the characteristic that distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
Nucleus
What is the term for a minute microorganism that shows the characteristics of both living and non-living things?
Virus
What is the term for the study of microorganisms?
Microbiology
Which of the following is NOT a subdiscipline of microbiology?
Pharmacology
What is the term for an organism that causes disease?
Pathogen
Which of the following microorganisms is an acellular organism?
Virus
What is the term for the study of immunity?
Immunology
What is the term for the study of fungi?
Mycology
Which of the following is a characteristic of microorganisms?
They are less than 1 millimeter in diameter
What is the term for the study of algae?
Phycology
What is the term for the period of proliferation of microorganisms to show signs and symptoms after their entry in a body?
Incubation period
Which type of organism lives on or derives its food from dead organic matter?
Saprophyte
What is the term for the prediction of the course of a disease?
Prognosis
What is the term for the study of the occurrence of disease, including how, when, and where it occurs?
Epidemiology
What is the term for a disease that occurs worldwide?
Pandemic disease
What is the term for the separation of infected persons for a period of communicability of the disease?
Isolation
What is the term for the response of the body to infection or injury, characterized by swelling, heat, redness, and pain?
Inflammation
What is the term for the microbes that live in or on another creature and benefit each other in normal conditions?
Normal flora
Study Notes
Microbiology
- Microbiology is the science that deals with the study of microorganisms, which are living organisms of microscopic size that cannot be seen clearly by the unaided eye.
- The term microbiology derives its name from three Greek words: micros (small), bios (life), and logos (study).
Microorganisms
- Microorganisms are living organisms that are less than 1 millimeter in diameter, which cannot be seen by the naked eye.
- Microorganisms include cellular organisms like bacteria, archaea, fungi, algae, and protozoa, as well as acellular organisms like viruses and bacteriophages.
Subdisciplines of Microbiology
- Bacteriology: The study of bacteria.
- Virology: The study of viruses.
- Protozoology: The study of protozoa.
- Immunology: The study of immunity.
- Mycology: The study of fungi.
- Phycology: The study of Algae.
Terminology
- Pathogen: An organism that causes disease.
- Pathogenicity: The ability of an organism to cause disease.
- Virulence: The degree or intensity level of a pathogen.
- Toxin: A poisonous substance produced by a living organism.
- Toxicant: A poisonous substance prepared by man.
- Antigen: Any substance usually made up of protein that stimulates the immune response.
- Antibody: A protein that is formed as a result of the immune response to an antigen.
Sterilization and Disinfection
- Sterilization: The process by which all forms of life is killed.
- Bactericide: A substance or agent that kills bacteria.
- Disinfectant: An agent that kills microorganisms by applying to inanimate (non-living) objects.
- Antiseptic: An agent that kills microorganisms by applying to living things.
Vaccination
- Vaccine: Attenuated or killed microbes or inactivated toxins used to induce immunity.
- Vaccination: The process of inducing immunity by administrating a vaccine.
Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells
- Eukaryotic Cell: A complete cell having a well-defined nucleus and other membranous structures.
- Prokaryotic Cell: An incomplete cell having no well-defined nucleus and other membranous structures.
Types of Microorganisms
- Bacteria: Prokaryotic microorganisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye.
- Virus: A minute microorganism that shows the characteristics of both living and non-living things. It is an obligatory parasite.
- Protozoa: Microscopic single-celled eukaryotic microbes. Some are pathogenic and some are not.
Importance of Microbiology in Nursing
- Microbiology is a vital subject for nursing students, as nurses are involved in managing all aspects of patient's health and infection control in hospitals.
This quiz covers different types of microorganisms, including parasites, saprophytes, normal flora, and vectors. Learn about the characteristics and roles of each in the ecosystem.
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