Types of Medications Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a depressant?

  • Promotes defecation
  • Lowers functional capacity (correct)
  • Induces vomiting
  • Increases functional activity

    • Which medication type is defined as inducing and increasing the discharge of urine?

  • Stimulant
  • Diuretic (correct)
  • Narcotic
  • Laxative

    • What effect does an emetic have on the body?

  • Induces vomiting (correct)
  • Causes sleep
  • Prevents disease development
  • Promotes defecation

    • Which substance is described as promoting defecation by a mild action?

    <p>Laxative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a prophylactic medication?

    <p>Prevents disease development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of a narcotic on an individual?

    <p>Causes total unconsciousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the site of injection for intramuscular injections?

    <p>Anterior aspects of the thighs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When would a drug be administered via intramuscular injection?

    <p>When the drug is irritating to the tissues and would cause pain if given subcutaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle location is NOT commonly used for intramuscular injections?

    <p>Deltoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What angle is recommended for administering intramuscular injections?

    <p>90 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary intention of administering MSO4 based on the text?

    <p>To provide analgesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a drug be administered via intramuscular injection instead of subcutaneously?

    <p>To achieve more rapid absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the amount of a therapeutic agent that causes poison or death?

    <p>Lethal Dose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drug effect involves increased strength of myocardial contractions?

    <p>Therapeutic Effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a drug's Generic Name according to the text?

    <p>Descriptive of the drug's chemical structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of administration involves using suppositories and creams?

    <p>Topical Local</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect that may justify discontinuation of a drug?

    <p>Adverse Effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the minimum amount of a therapeutic agent needed to produce its desired effect?

    <p>Minimal Dose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Right Approach emphasized in the text regarding drug administration?

    <p>Preparing and administering drugs correctly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situation would Drug Allergy typically occur?

    <p>When experiencing an adverse reaction to a drug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of administration involves absorption through blood vessels?

    <p>Sublingual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of intravenous injection/infusion?

    <p>To administer medication directly into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does intravenous injection have the fastest effect among parenteral routes?

    <p>Because it bypasses the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When are intravenous injections usually used for therapeutic purposes?

    <p>To supply the body with fluids when oral intake is not possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an indication for using intravenous injection/infusion?

    <p>When a very rapid effect is required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'frequency' refer to in the context of intravenous injection/infusion?

    <p>The number of occurrences in a period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an interval in the context of intravenous injection/infusion?

    <p>The time between events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of administering a drug via subcutaneous injection?

    <p>To allow for slower absorption compared to the intramuscular or intravenous route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tablet should not be crushed according to the information provided?

    <p>Enteric-coated tablets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are ointments labeled 'ophthalmic' when used for the eye?

    <p>To specify the intended use of the product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for using coded tablets?

    <p>To facilitate identification and administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of administering medication sublingually?

    <p>Faster absorption into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an enteric coating on tablets?

    <p>To protect the drug from stomach acidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should nurses avoid opening capsules before administration?

    <p>To prevent drug leakage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common danger associated with all types of injections according to the provided text?

    <p>Risk for tissue trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an intradermal injection according to the text?

    <p>To provide a medication required for allergy testing and TB screening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Medications and Routes of Administration

    • A medication is a substance administered to diagnose, cure, or relieve a symptom, or to prevent disease.

    Classification of Medications

    • Depressant: lowers functional or vital capacity.
    • Diuretic: induces and increases the discharge of urine.
    • Emetic: induces vomiting.
    • Laxative: promotes defecation by a mild action.
    • Narcotic: causes sleep or total unconsciousness and complete insensibility to pain.
    • Prophylactic: prevents the development of disease.
    • Stimulant: increases functional activity.

    Factors Affecting Medications

    • Developmental factors: pregnancy, age, weight.
    • Gender.
    • Diet: e.g., Vitamin K found in green leafy vegetables can counteract the anticoagulant effect of Warfarin (Coumadin).
    • Illness and disease.
    • Time of administration.

    The Right Dose

    • Dose: the quantity of a drug to be administered at one time.
    • Dosage: the regimen that determines the size, frequency, and number of doses of a therapeutic agent to be administered to a patient.
    • Effective dose: the amount of the therapeutic agent sufficient to produce its desired effect.
    • Curative dose: the amount of therapeutic agent necessary to restore health.
    • Minimal dose: the small amount of therapeutic agent producing a therapeutic effect.
    • Maximum dose: the large amount of therapeutic agent that produces a consistent effect with the safe amount.
    • Toxic dose: the quantity of therapeutic agent that produces poison or causes death.
    • Lethal dose: the amount of therapeutic agent sufficient to produce death.

    The Right Drug

    • One drug can have as many as three kinds of names: chemical, generic, and trademark or brand names.
    • Chemical name: the name by which a chemist knows the drug; it describes the constituent of the drug precisely.
    • Generic name: the name that is not protected by a trademark; it is descriptive of the drug's chemical structure.
    • Trademark or brand name: the name given by the drug manufacturer.

    Effects of Drugs

    • Therapeutic effect or desired effect: the primary effect intended; the reason the drug is prescribed.
    • Side effect or secondary effect: unintended; usually predictable and may be either harmless or potentially harmful.
    • Adverse effect: a more severe side effect; may justify the discontinuation of a drug.
    • Drug toxicity: the deleterious effects of a drug on an organism or tissue.
    • Drug allergy: an immunological reaction to a drug.

    The Right Route

    • Oral route: the most common route of administration.
    • Parenteral route: not through the digestive system, but rather by injection.
    • Types of parenteral route:
      • Intradermal or intracutaneous.
      • Subcutaneous or hypodermic.
      • Intramuscular.
      • Intravenous.
      • Inhalation.
      • Rectal.
      • Vaginal.
      • Topical.
      • Transdermal.

    Administration of Medications

    • The nurse who prepares a given medication should administer it.
    • Six important rules in administering medications:
      1. The right patient.
      2. The right drug.
      3. The right dose.
      4. The right route.
      5. The right time.
      6. The right documentation.

    Types of Medications

    • Tablets: may be crushed if necessary.
    • Enteric-coated tablets: dissolve in the more alkaline secretions of the intestine; should not be crushed.
    • Sublingual tablets: dissolve quickly under the tongue.
    • Coded tablets: have a number, letter, or both, that make them easily identifiable.
    • Capsules: gelatin containers that hold a drug in solid or liquid form.
    • Ointments: semisolid preparations in a petroleum or lanolin base.
    • Creams: semisolid drug preparations applied externally to the skin or mucous membranes.
    • Powders: may be applied to the skin in dry form.
    • Paste: a semi-fluid preparation usually with a non-fatty base.
    • Liniment: solutions of irritant drugs in an oily, soapy, or alcoholic base applied by being rubbed on the skin.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of different types of medications by matching each description with the correct term. Learn about depressants, diuretics, emetics, laxatives, narcotics, prophylactics, and stimulants.

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