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Questions and Answers
What is the defining characteristic of a synarthrosis joint?
What is the defining characteristic of a synarthrosis joint?
Which type of joint allows for free motion and is characterized by a sleeve-like capsule filled with synovial fluid?
Which type of joint allows for free motion and is characterized by a sleeve-like capsule filled with synovial fluid?
In which plane does flexion and extension occur?
In which plane does flexion and extension occur?
What describes a graft of fibrous tissue between two articulating bones in syndesmosis joints?
What describes a graft of fibrous tissue between two articulating bones in syndesmosis joints?
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Which motion is NOT characteristic of non-axial joint motion?
Which motion is NOT characteristic of non-axial joint motion?
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Which type of joint is characterized by angular motion in one plane around an axis?
Which type of joint is characterized by angular motion in one plane around an axis?
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What is the primary function of synovial fluid?
What is the primary function of synovial fluid?
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Which joint undergoes rotation around the odontoid process?
Which joint undergoes rotation around the odontoid process?
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Which type of cartilage is known for being unable to repair itself due to the lack of blood supply?
Which type of cartilage is known for being unable to repair itself due to the lack of blood supply?
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What is the role of ligaments in joints?
What is the role of ligaments in joints?
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What type of joint allows for movement in all three axes?
What type of joint allows for movement in all three axes?
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Which structure surrounds and encases a joint, providing protection?
Which structure surrounds and encases a joint, providing protection?
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Which of the following is an example of acquired bursae?
Which of the following is an example of acquired bursae?
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Match the following types of joints with their characteristics:
Match the following types of joints with their characteristics:
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Match the following types of cartilage with their location:
Match the following types of cartilage with their location:
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Match the following planes with their corresponding motions:
Match the following planes with their corresponding motions:
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Match the following joint characteristics with their types:
Match the following joint characteristics with their types:
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Match the following joint types with their examples:
Match the following joint types with their examples:
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Match the following types of joint motion with their descriptions:
Match the following types of joint motion with their descriptions:
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Match the following joints with their specific movements:
Match the following joints with their specific movements:
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Match the following joint structures with their functions:
Match the following joint structures with their functions:
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Match the following types of cartilage with their characteristics:
Match the following types of cartilage with their characteristics:
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Match the following parts of a joint with their descriptions:
Match the following parts of a joint with their descriptions:
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Match the following examples of joints with their joint types:
Match the following examples of joints with their joint types:
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Match the following joint components with their roles:
Match the following joint components with their roles:
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Match the following motions with their corresponding joints:
Match the following motions with their corresponding joints:
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A syndesmosis joint allows for a large amount of motion between the two bones.
A syndesmosis joint allows for a large amount of motion between the two bones.
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The synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid, which lubricates the joint.
The synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid, which lubricates the joint.
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The vertebral bodies are connected by elastic cartilage.
The vertebral bodies are connected by elastic cartilage.
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Diarthrodial joints allow for rotary motion around an axis.
Diarthrodial joints allow for rotary motion around an axis.
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Movement in non-axial joint motion occurs primarily through angular movements.
Movement in non-axial joint motion occurs primarily through angular movements.
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Carpals can move independently from each other.
Carpals can move independently from each other.
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The humeroulnar joint primarily allows for flexion and extension.
The humeroulnar joint primarily allows for flexion and extension.
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The knee joint performs rotation only while in full extension.
The knee joint performs rotation only while in full extension.
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The atlantoaxial joint is classified as a triaxial joint.
The atlantoaxial joint is classified as a triaxial joint.
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Hyaline cartilage has the ability to repair itself due to its blood supply.
Hyaline cartilage has the ability to repair itself due to its blood supply.
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Bursae are structures that are created to reduce friction in areas of excessive movement.
Bursae are structures that are created to reduce friction in areas of excessive movement.
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Muscles generate movement through the contraction of tendons connected to bones.
Muscles generate movement through the contraction of tendons connected to bones.
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Fibrocartilage serves primarily as a lubricant in joint cavities.
Fibrocartilage serves primarily as a lubricant in joint cavities.
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Study Notes
Fibrous Joints
- Three types:
- Sutures: Thin layer of fibrous periosteum between bones. Found in the skull. Bones interlock for shape and strength.
- Syndesmoses: Ligamentous joint, allows small twisting or stretching. Examples include the distal tibiofibular and distal radioulnar joints.
- Gomphoses: Found in teeth (not covered in detail).
Cartilaginous/Amphiarthrodial Joints
- Allow limited movement.
- Hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage between bones.
- Symphysis pubis: Fibrocartilage.
- Vertebral bodies: Fibrocartilage.
- 1st sternocostal joint: Hyaline cartilage.
Synovial/Diarthrodial Joints
- Allow free movement.
- No direct union between bone ends.
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Joint Capsule: Sleeve-like structure filled with synovial fluid.
- Outer layer: Strong fibrous tissue; holds joint together.
- Inner layer: Synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid.
- Articular surface: Smooth hyaline cartilage.
Planes of Movement
- Sagittal plane: Divides body into right and left; flexion/extension (frontal axis).
- Frontal/Coronal plane: Divides body into front and back; abduction/adduction (sagittal axis).
- Transverse/Horizontal plane: Divides body into top and bottom; rotation (vertical axis). Includes medial/lateral rotation, supination/pronation, and trunk rotation.
Joint Motion
- Non-axial: Linear movement; flat surfaces; gliding. Examples include wrist flexion/extension, abduction/adduction.
- Uniaxial: Angular motion in one plane; hinge joint. Examples include humerulnar joint (flexion/extension), interphalangeal joints, some knee movements (excluding final degrees of extension). Also, radioulnar (rotation - radius pivots around ulna), and atlantoaxial (C1 rotates around C2).
- Biaxial: Two different directions of movement. Example is wrist, flexion/extension (frontal plane), and ulnar/radial deviation (sagittal plane); carpometacarpal joint of thumb (saddle joint).
- Triaxial/Multiaxial: Three axes of movement. Example includes ball-and-socket joints (hip and shoulder).
Joint Structures
- Bones: Shape determines motion.
- Ligaments: Bands of fibrous connective tissue; flexible, not elastic. Capsular ligaments surround the joint.
- Joint capsule: Encases the joint, protects articular surfaces, outer layer (fibrous tissue, support & protection), inner layer (synovial membrane, secretes synovial fluid).
- Synovial fluid: Lubricates cartilage, absorbs shock, nourishes cartilage.
-
Cartilage: Dense fibrous connective tissue, withstands pressure and tension.
- Hyaline cartilage: Articular cartilage (covers bone ends), avascular, incapable of self repair.
- Fibrocartilage: Shock absorber (menisci of knee, intervertebral discs, and discs between clavicle and sternum).
- Labrum: Shoulder's Glenoid fossa; fills gaps, adds stability and support.
- Muscles: Contractile force causes movement; connected to bones by tendons.
- Bursae: Fluid-filled sacs reduce friction; located under tendons, over bony prominences. Natural vs. acquired.
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Description
Explore the different types of joints found in the human body, including fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints. This quiz covers their structure, movement capabilities, and examples for each category. Test your knowledge of basic joint anatomy.
