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Questions and Answers
What type of hypothesis makes an assertion about the direction of the relationship between variables?
What type of hypothesis makes an assertion about the direction of the relationship between variables?
- Non-directional hypothesis
- Alternative hypothesis
- Directional hypothesis (correct)
- Null hypothesis
In a research study, which hypothesis assumes there is no significant relationship between variables?
In a research study, which hypothesis assumes there is no significant relationship between variables?
- Null hypothesis (correct)
- Non-directional hypothesis
- Alternative hypothesis
- Directional hypothesis
Which hypothesis suggests there is a difference or effect in a specific direction?
Which hypothesis suggests there is a difference or effect in a specific direction?
- Null hypothesis
- Non-directional hypothesis
- Alternative hypothesis
- Directional hypothesis (correct)
What type of hypothesis predicts a difference but does not specify the direction of the difference?
What type of hypothesis predicts a difference but does not specify the direction of the difference?
Which type of hypothesis proposes the opposite of what is expected to happen in a research study?
Which type of hypothesis proposes the opposite of what is expected to happen in a research study?
In a study, which hypothesis states that there is no significant relationship or difference between variables?
In a study, which hypothesis states that there is no significant relationship or difference between variables?
What does the null hypothesis state?
What does the null hypothesis state?
Which type of hypothesis presumes that a relationship exists between the variables?
Which type of hypothesis presumes that a relationship exists between the variables?
What does a directional hypothesis indicate?
What does a directional hypothesis indicate?
What does a non-directional hypothesis imply?
What does a non-directional hypothesis imply?
Which type of hypothesis is a statement that presumes the outcome of the study once the different variables are tested?
Which type of hypothesis is a statement that presumes the outcome of the study once the different variables are tested?
Which statement about a research hypothesis is correct?
Which statement about a research hypothesis is correct?
In a research study, which type of hypothesis suggests a relationship or difference without specifying the direction of the effect?
In a research study, which type of hypothesis suggests a relationship or difference without specifying the direction of the effect?
How is the value of the research highlighted in the significance of the study?
How is the value of the research highlighted in the significance of the study?
What type of hypothesis specifies the direction of the expected relationship or difference between variables in a study?
What type of hypothesis specifies the direction of the expected relationship or difference between variables in a study?
Which type of hypothesis states that there is no relationship or difference between the variables being studied?
Which type of hypothesis states that there is no relationship or difference between the variables being studied?
If a researcher predicts that increasing the level of education will lead to an increase in income, what type of hypothesis is this?
If a researcher predicts that increasing the level of education will lead to an increase in income, what type of hypothesis is this?
In a study comparing two teaching methods, which type of hypothesis would state that one method is more effective than the other?
In a study comparing two teaching methods, which type of hypothesis would state that one method is more effective than the other?
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Study Notes
Hypothesis
- Null Hypothesis: states that there is no relationship between the independent and dependent variables.
- Alternative Hypothesis: presumes that a relationship exists between the variables.
- Alternative Hypothesis (Directional): indicates the type of difference that exists in the relationship between the independent and dependent variables (increase or decrease).
- Alternative Hypothesis (Non-Directional): does not explicitly state the type of difference between the independent and dependent variables.
Characteristics of Hypothesis
- A research hypothesis should be testable.
- A research hypothesis is either true or false.
- A research hypothesis is considered valuable regardless of results.
Formulating Hypothesis
- Finalize the research question.
- Conduct preliminary research.
- Operationalize the variables.
Significance of the Study
- Points out the value of the current research for its beneficiaries.
- The beneficiaries of the study are the groups of people, organizations, communities, or government agencies that directly or indirectly benefit from the results of the research.
- Characteristics of the significance of the study:
- Value of the research highlighted.
- Properly identified beneficiaries.
- Determined contribution to the body of knowledge.
Theoretical Framework
- Conduct preliminary research.
- Use relevant theories that will support the study.
- Discuss the theory and its relevance to your research.
Conceptual Framework
- It is an analytical tool with several variations and contexts that can be applied in different categories of work.
- It is the overall flow of the research.
- Drafting the conceptual framework:
- Review your literature.
- Identify all variables.
- Create your framework.
- Explain your framework.
Statement of the Problem
- Encapsulates the phenomenon that is to be observed and studied in a particular research study.
- Anchored on the research questions of the study.
- Characteristics of the statement of the problem:
- Specific.
- Attainable.
- Time-bound.
- Measurable.
- Relevant.
Drafting the Statement of the Problem
- Recall the research topic.
- Draft your research questions.
- Draft the statement of the problem.
Background of the Study
- Provides context to the information discussed throughout the research process.
- Serves as one of the anchors of the research topic being discussed.
- Drafting the background of the study:
- Conduct preliminary research.
- Use reliable sources.
- Consider the writing style.
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