Types of Hospitals Quiz

Health Care Systems

• A health system consists of all organizations, institutions, resources, and people whose primary purpose is to improve health.
• The health system includes public, non-profit, and for-profit private sectors, as well as international and bilateral donors, foundations, and voluntary organizations involved in funding or implementing health activities.
• The four key functions of the health system are:
  • Stewardship (governance or oversight)
  • Financing
  • Human and physical resources
  • Organization and management of service delivery

Healthcare Facilities

• Hospitals vary in size and type of service provided
• General hospitals treat a wide range of conditions
• Specialty hospitals care for certain conditions or age groups (e.g., burn, oncology, pediatric, psychiatric, rehabilitation, and orthopedic hospitals)
• Government hospitals are operated by national and local government agencies
• Psychiatric hospitals and rehabilitation centers provide specialized care
• University or college medical centers provide services, research, and education
• Long-term care facilities (LTC or LTCF) provide care for the elderly, individuals with chronic or long-term illnesses
• Nursing homes or geriatric homes provide basic physical and emotional care
• Extended care or skilled care facilities provide skilled nursing and rehabilitative care
• Independent or assisted living facilities provide services such as meals, housekeeping, laundry, transportation, social events, and basic medical care

Outpatient Care

• Medical offices provide diagnosis, treatment, examinations, basic laboratory tests, and minor surgery
• Dental offices provide general or specialized dental care
• Clinics provide outpatient services, including satellite clinics or satellite centers
• Emergency care services provide special care for accidents or sudden illness
• Laboratories perform diagnostic tests
• Home health care provides care in the patient's home
• Hospice provides care for terminally ill persons with a life expectancy of six months or less
• Rehabilitation centers provide care directed at helping patients with physical or mental disabilities obtain maximum self-care and function
• Health maintenance organizations (HMOs) provide preventive health care, examinations, basic medical services, health education, hospitalization, and rehabilitation services
• Industrial health care centers provide care for employees of industries or companies
• School health services provide emergency care, tests to check for health conditions, and promote health education
• Government agencies, such as the World Health Organization, provide health information, investigate and deal with serious health problems, and compile statistics and information on disease
• Non-profit/volunteer agencies, such as the American Cancer Society, American Heart Association, and American Red Cross, provide health services at national, state, and local levels

Health Insurance Plans

• Health insurance plans help pay for health care costs
• Types of plans include:
  • Health insurance plans
  • Health maintenance organizations (HMOs)
  • Preferred provider organizations (PPOs)
  • Medicare
  • Medicaid
  • Worker's compensation
  • Managed care
• Each plan has its own characteristics, benefits, and limitations

Trends in Health Care

• Changes in health care are inevitable and occur rapidly
• Health care workers must be flexible to face and keep pace with the rapid changes
• Some current issues in health care include:
  • Cost containment
  • Home health care
  • Geriatric care
  • Wellness
  • Alternative and complementary health care
  • National health care plans

Cost Containment

• Purpose: control the rising cost of health care and achieve maximum benefit for every dollar spent
• Methods:
  • Diagnostic related groups (DRGs)
  • Combination of services
  • Outpatient services
  • Mass or bulk purchasing
  • Early intervention and preventive services
  • Energy conservation

Wellness

• State of optimal health
• Emphasis on preventative measures
• Different facilities will develop to meet the needs of wellness emphasis

Alternative and Complementary Methods of Treatment

• Increasingly used to replace or supplement traditional medical treatment
• Holistic approach: belief that the effect on one part affects the whole person
• Based on the belief that the person has a life force or energy that can be used in the healing process