Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of variable is used to classify elements according to some attributes or categories?
Which type of variable is used to classify elements according to some attributes or categories?
Which type of measurement scale ranks individuals in terms of the degree to which they possess characteristics of interest?
Which type of measurement scale ranks individuals in terms of the degree to which they possess characteristics of interest?
Which branch of statistics deals with the collection and presentation of data and the calculation of summarizing values to describe its group characteristics?
Which branch of statistics deals with the collection and presentation of data and the calculation of summarizing values to describe its group characteristics?
Which type of variable has values obtained by measuring?
Which type of variable has values obtained by measuring?
Signup and view all the answers
Which branch of statistics deals with predictions and inferences based on the analysis and interpretation of the results of the information gathered by the statistician?
Which branch of statistics deals with predictions and inferences based on the analysis and interpretation of the results of the information gathered by the statistician?
Signup and view all the answers
Which measurement scale establishes a uniform unit in the scale so that an equal distance between two scores is of equal magnitude, but has no absolute zero?
Which measurement scale establishes a uniform unit in the scale so that an equal distance between two scores is of equal magnitude, but has no absolute zero?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of graph is considered the simplest form of graphic presentation?
Which type of graph is considered the simplest form of graphic presentation?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of a bar graph or bar chart?
What is the purpose of a bar graph or bar chart?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements about bar graphs or bar charts is true?
Which of the following statements about bar graphs or bar charts is true?
Signup and view all the answers
How do bar graphs or bar charts differ from other graphical methods?
How do bar graphs or bar charts differ from other graphical methods?
Signup and view all the answers
Which sampling method is described as using a researcher's expertise to select a sample most useful to the research?
Which sampling method is described as using a researcher's expertise to select a sample most useful to the research?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the definition of sampling bias?
What is the definition of sampling bias?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main purpose of a histogram?
What is the main purpose of a histogram?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a type of line graph?
Which of the following is NOT a type of line graph?
Signup and view all the answers
How is a frequency polygon different from a histogram?
How is a frequency polygon different from a histogram?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main purpose of an ogive or cumulative frequency polygon?
What is the main purpose of an ogive or cumulative frequency polygon?
Signup and view all the answers
Which measure of central tendency is the most popular?
Which measure of central tendency is the most popular?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of a pie chart or circle graph?
What is the purpose of a pie chart or circle graph?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Branches of Statistics
- Descriptive Statistics: deals with the collection and presentation of data and summarizing values to describe group characteristics.
- Inferential Statistics: deals with predictions and inferences based on analysis and interpretation of results.
Variables
- A numerical characteristic or attribute associated with the population being studied.
- Types of Variables:
- Categorical or Qualitative Variables: classified according to attributes or categories.
- Numerical-valued or Quantitative Variables: classified according to numerical characteristics.
- Discrete Variable: value obtained by counting.
- Continuous Variable: value obtained by measuring.
Scales of Measurement
- Nominal Scale: classifies elements into categories or classes, but no order or magnitude.
- Ordinal Scale: ranks individuals based on characteristics of interest.
- Interval Scale: orders scores from high to low, with a uniform unit of measurement, but no absolute zero.
Sampling Methods
- Purposive Sampling: researcher selects a sample based on expertise.
- Snowball Sampling: recruits participants via other participants.
- Quota Sampling: commonly used in opinion polls.
- Multi-Stage Sampling: draws a sample from a population using smaller groups at each stage.
- Sampling bias: occurs when some members of a population are systematically more likely to be selected.
Frequency Distribution Table
- A device for organizing and representing grouped data.
- Class Mark: midpoint of a class interval.
- Class Boundary: exact limit of a class interval.
Data Presentation Methods
- Correlated Data: shows two or more frequencies for easy comparison.
- Time Series Data: shows change of a variable over a period of time.
- Textual Method: combines text and figures in a statistical report.
- Semi-Tabular Method: presents data in summary form.
- Tabular Method: presents data in rows and columns.
- Graphical Method: presents data in a visual form.
Graphical Methods
- Bar Graph or Bar Chart: simplest form of graphic presentation, can be vertical or horizontal.
- Histogram: graphical representation of data grouped into continuous number ranges.
- Line Graph: shows information that changes over time, including:
- Simple Line Graph
- Multiple Line Graph
- Compound Line Graph
- Circle Graph or Pie Chart: type of graph that records data in a circular manner.
- Pictograph or Pictogram: pictorial representation of data using images, icons, or symbols.
- Frequency Polygon: visually substantial method of representing quantitative data and its frequencies.
- Cumulative Frequency Polygon or Ogive: shows cumulative frequencies.
Measures of Central Tendency
- Gives a summary measure that attempts to describe a whole set of data with a single value.
- Types of Measures of Central Tendency:
- Mean: most popular measure of center.
- Median: midpoint of an array of numbers or observations.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on different types of graphs including Histogram, Line Graph, and Circle Graph (Pie Chart). Explore how each type of graph is used to represent data in a clear and visual manner.
