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Questions and Answers
A flower that lacks one or more of the four sets of floral leaves is said to be what?
What type of flower has stamens but no carpels?
What is the term for flowers that have petals of similar shape that radiate from the center of the flower and are equidistant from each other?
What type of plant is said to be monoecious?
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What is the term for flowers that have sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels attached to the receptacle?
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What type of flower arrangement is characterized by one or more sets of flower parts in spirals?
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What type of flower has whorls with parts that do not radiate from the center?
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What is the term for the union of flower parts in the same whorl?
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What is the term for the union of sepals along their edges?
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What is the term for the union of stamens?
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What is the term for a flower with a receptacle that is convex or conical?
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What is the term for an ovary that is situated on the receptacle above the points of origin of the perianth parts and androecium?
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What is the term for the fusion of the lower portions of the three outer whorls to form a tube?
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What is the term for a flower with an ovary that appears to be below the apparent points of attachment of the perianth parts and stamens?
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Study Notes
Complete and Incomplete Flowers
- A complete flower has all four sets of floral leaves: sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels attached to the receptacle.
- An incomplete flower lacks one or more of these sets.
Perfect and Imperfect Flowers
- Unisexual flowers are either staminate (stamen-bearing) or pistillate (pistil-bearing) and are imperfect.
- Bisexual flowers are perfect or hermaphroditic.
- Monoecious plants have staminate and pistillate flowers on the same individual plant.
- Dioecious plants have staminate and pistillate flowers on separate individual plants.
Whorled and Spiral Arrangements
- In most flowers, sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels are arranged in whorls or circles on the axis of the flower.
- In some flowers, one or more sets of flower parts are arranged in spirals.
Floral Symmetry
- Regular flowers have petals of similar shape that radiate from the center of the flower and are equidistant from each other.
- Irregular flowers have petals that are dissimilar, do not radiate from the center, or are not equidistant from each other.
Union of Flower Parts
- In some flowers, parts of a whorl are united, a condition known as coalescence or connation.
- Synsepaly refers to the union of sepals along their edges.
- Sympetaly refers to the union of petals.
- Synandry refers to the union of stamens.
- Syncarpy refers to the union of carpels.
- Adnation refers to the union of parts of different whorls.
Elevation of Flower Parts
- In some flowers, the receptacle is convex or conical, and the flower parts are arranged one above another.
- The arrangement of flower parts in this order: sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels.
- An ovary positioned above the points of origin of the perianth parts and androecium is superior.
- An ovary positioned below the points of origin of the perianth parts and androecium is inferior.
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Description
Learn about the different types of flowers, including complete and incomplete flowers, and how they are classified based on their parts. Understand the characteristics of each type and how they differ.
